The effects of population aging on industrial structure upgrading:Empirical analysis of provincial and threshold characteristics in China

Global population aging trends are intensifying,presenting multifaceted economic and social challenges for countries worldwide.As the world’s largest developing country,China has entered a phase of extreme demographic aging,posing significant questions about its impact on the ongoing upgrading of industrial structures.How does this demographic shift influence the upgrading of industrial structures,and does technological innovation mitigate or exacerbate this impact?The empirical results indicate that population aging impedes upgrading the industrial structure,while technological innovation positively affects the relationship between the two.Moreover,using technological innovation as a threshold variable,the impact of population aging on industrial structure upgrading evolves in a“gradient”manner from“impediment”to“insignificant”to“promotion”as the technological innovation levels increase.These findings offer practical guidance for tailoring industrial policies to different stages of technological advancement.

Differentiated Paths of Regional Green Development Driven by Industrial Enterprise Innovation

A fundamental shift in the regional development pattern is crucial to achieving a comprehensive green transformation in China.Currently,innovation-driven green development is a significant strategic option for regional development.As the main body of innovation and the basic unit of regional composition,enterprises have a profound impact on the development of regional economy,society,ecology,and other aspects.However,considering China’s vast territory and significant regional differences in natural environment and industrial structure,it’s necessary to further explore the specific impact paths of regional green development driven by enterprise innovation.Therefore,taking industrial enterprises as an example,based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2016 to 2020,this study verifies the impact of industrial enterprise innovation on the regional green development level by constructing a parallel multiple mediating effect model and dividing the economy into eastern,central,and western regions to discuss the specific impact paths.The results show that industrial enterprise innovation has a significant positive effect on regional green development level,via different influencing paths in each region:(1)The eastern region improves the regional green development level by narrowing the urban-rural income gap;(2)The central region improves the regional green development level by reducing resource dependence;and(3)The western region raises the regional green development level by improving the rationalization of industrial structure.

Groundwater Level Prediction Using Artificial Neural Networks: A Case Study in Tra Noc Industrial Zone, Can Tho City, Vietnam

The objective of this study is to predict groundwater levels (GWLs) under different impact factors using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for a case study in Tra Noc Industrial Zone, Can Tho City, Vietnam. This can be achieved by evaluating the current state of groundwater resources (GWR) exploitation, use and dynamics;setting-up, calibrating and validating the ANN;and then predicting GWLs at different lead times. The results show that GWLs in the study area have been found to reduce rapidly from 2000 to 2015, especially in the Middle-upper Pleistocene (qp2-3) and upper Pleistocene (qp3) due to the over-withdrawals from the enterprises for production purposes. Concerning this problem, an Official Letter of the People’s Committee of Can Tho City was issued and taken into enforcement in 2012 resulting in the reduction of exploitation. The calibrated ANN structures have successfully demonstrated that the GWLs can be predicted considering different impact factors. The predicted results will help to raise awareness and to draw an attention of the local/central government for a clear GWR management policy for the Mekong delta, especially the industrial zones in the urban areas such as Can Tho city.

Measurement and Strategy Research on the Green Development Level for the New Energy Vehicle Industry in Chongqing City

This article takes 2016-2022 as the inspection period to construct an evaluation index system for the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry.The entropy method and comprehensive index are used to measure the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing,and compared with neighboring provinces such as Yunnan,Guizhou,and Sichuan.Policy recommendations are proposed to promote the development of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing City.

The Technological Gap between China and World Frontiers at the Industrial Level:1985-2009

Using sequential DEA methodology, this paper has measured the variations in the technological gaps of China＇s industrial sectors compared with the world frontiers of technology. From a temporal dimension, variations in the technological gaps of China＇s industrial sectors can be divided into the following four stages： slight abatement of technological gaps between 1985 and 1992, and between 1999 and 2007; stagnation in the variation of technological gaps between 1994 and 1999; and continuous abatement of technological gaps between 2008 and 2009. From the industry dimension, by 2009, 58.8% of China＇s industrial sectors had gradually reached or approached the world frontiers of technology; 29.4% of industrial sectors had experienced technological improvements but still lagged far behind the world frontiers of technology; 11.8% of industrial sectors significantly lagged behind the world frontiers of technology.

Explaining the lack of FDI in western China:an industrial perspective

It is difficult to attract FDI into western China.This situation might not be explained by traditional geographical factors,because the gap of inward FDI between the western and the eastern regions of China has increased.This paper attempts to explain the situation from an industrial perspective by exploring the industrial differences in the two regions and analyzing their effects in terms of industrial development level,industrial structure and industrial linking capability.The results reveal that industrial factors are important barriers to the inflow of FDI to western China.

Lead Pollution Research of Resident Children around Some Industrial Park

Lead is an important toxic heavy metal among environment pollution. Some industrial parks were founded in 2005 including non-ferrous metal processing and smelting plants. In order to identify the consequence of lead pollution on children around the industry park, blood samples of neighboring children were collected and analyzed in laboratory. The results showed that the involved children have suffered serious harms from Pb pollution. Almost 75% of the children＇s blood lead levels （BLLs） exceeded the limit of normal blood lead. Worse still, 26.17% of them were at the level of Moderate lead poisoning. The group aged 0-7 showed more susceptibility to Pb than that aged 8-14. Only 19.05% of the children aged 0-7 were at the level of normal blood lead, compared with 45.45% in the group aged 8-14. There was no significant difference between the values of blood lead concentration for male and female or among different age groups. Some approaches, which include controlling the Pb pollution from the industry park and safeguarding the residents, esp. the children were suggested.

Evaluation of Lead Exposure by Hand Wipes: A Review of the Effectiveness of Personal Hygiene on Industrial Sites

To evaluate the effectiveness of personal hygiene (handwashing) amongst workers at industrial sites to remove lead from their hands, a retrospective analysis of hand wipe samples was conducted using data collected by two contractors from two bridge painting projects for total lead using method ASTM E-1979-17/EPA SW846 7000B. Exposures resulted from the removal of lead-based paint from the structure and trace elements of lead found in the abrasive blast media. In total, six work tasks were evaluated and sixty unique hand wipe samples were evaluated. Thirty samples were collected during the worker’s lunch break, after they had reportedly washed their hands with a further 30 collected at the end of the workday following the same protocol. To be included in this evaluation, the contractors were required to follow NIOSH Method 9105 (Lead in Dust Wipes-Dermal Surfaces) with subsequent analysis of samples for total lead by an American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) accredited laboratory. All 60 samples contained detectable lead. The lead exposures ranged from 19.5 μg to 3420 μg. The geometric mean for the samples collected was 337 μg. These results indicate that current personal hygiene practices at the evaluated sites are not effective at removing lead from worker’s hands during and after the workday. They also suggest that the residual lead measured on the workers’ hands, at the end of the shift, is likely contributing to the elevated blood lead levels in this population.

Strategies to Promote Sustainable Development of Industrial Parks in Vietnam＇s Northern Key Economic Zone

Industrial Parks （IPs） in the Northern Key Economic Zone of Vietnam （NKEZ） have been making significant contributions to the development of the zone since the first two industrial parks--Noi Bai in Hanoi and Nomura in Hal Phong--were established 15 years ago. So far, there have been 51 IPs in the zone, covering a total area of 13,000 ha. Such IPs play a crucial role in mobilizing capital from domestic and international investors for investments in infrastructure enhancement, trade and production aimed at promoting the economic structure transition. However, besides the above benefits, there are a number of unstable factors preventing further development of the IPs. Thus, the objectives of this study are two-fold. The first is to analyze the unstable factors, and the second is to map out strategies to enhance sustainable development of industrial parks in Vietnam＇s northern key economic zone.

Research on Coordinating relations between Industrial agglomeration and Regional Technology Innovation Ability in Yangtze River Economic Belt

Based on principal component analysis, coordinated development model and location entropy, this paper analyzes the coordinated development of regional scientific and technological innovation ability and industrial agglomeration level and the spatial differences in Yangtze River economic zone. Firstly, the regional science and technology innovation ability is divided into two parts： innovation input and innovation transformation result. The accumulation of knowledge outside the region is introduced as a variable influencing the correlation effect, and the index system of regional innovation capability is constructed. According to the degree of coordination between the regional technological innovation ability and the level of industrial agglomeration, the Yangtze River economic belt provinces and municipalities are divided into moderate disorder class, serious disorder class, extreme disorder class, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region interregional knowledge accumulation weak.

县域富民产业促进农民共同富裕:作用机理、现实困境与策略选择

实现全体人民共同富裕的难点在农村。县域一头连着乡村,一头连着城镇,发展县域富民产业是促进农民共同富裕的现实选择。县域富民产业是能在长期内显著促进农民收入增长、改善城乡居民收入分配状况的现代化产业集群,其在空间维度、组织维度和价值维度上具有独特的内涵特征。县域富民产业在产业发展端通过凝聚竞争优势提高产业效益;在农民参与端通过带动农民发展生产、实现农民就近就业和共享资产收益,促进农民共同富裕。实践中,发展县域富民产业仍然面临产业集群培育不足、辐射带动效应不强,产业同质化突出、结构不优,产业生产经营主体能力不足,产业联农带农机制不健全等困境。加快培育县域富民产业、有效促进农民共同富裕,应依托特色资源培育特色产业集群、优化产业布局、调整产业结构、提升生产经营主体产业支撑能力、持续完善产业利益联结机制。

战略差异度、技术创新与企业全要素生产率——来自A股上市公司的经验证据

战略差异度对企业的影响是学术界关注的重要问题,而企业能否通过加大战略差异度进而提升全要素生产率为研究企业战略决策方面提供了不同的切入点。采用2009-2020年沪深A股上市公司的数据样本,实证检验了战略差异度对企业全要素生产率的影响。研究结果表明,战略差异度对企业全要素生产率起到显著的正向作用,技术创新在战略差异度影响企业全要素生产率的传导路径上存在中介效应。进一步研究发现,高行业竞争水平、高信息透明度和低融资约束企业的战略差异度越大对全要素生产率的正向作用越显著。研究丰富了全要素生产率的相关文献,并为其提供了研究的新视角。同时有助于企业利益相关者理解战略决策的经济后果,对指导和促进企业进行战略变革及获取竞争优势提供理论参考。

我国城市工业用水效率与经济发展水平的秩匹配度原理及特征解析

对现有基于数列的匹配度指标进行改进,提出了秩匹配度概念和计算方法,将匹配度内涵拓展为欠匹配、匹配、过匹配3种状态及高、中、低匹配3个层次,以更加全面地反映特征指标与影响因素的相对发展水平与匹配状况。采用秩匹配度分析了全国336个城市2017年工业用水效率与经济发展水平的匹配特征,结果表明:我国工业用水效率与经济发展水平呈匹配状态的城市占比为28.27%,全国各区域均有分布;高层次匹配的城市主要分布在北方地区,低层次匹配的城市主要分布于鄂、闽、桂等南方地区;呈过匹配状态的城市占比为36.31%,主要分布于华北、西北地区;呈欠匹配状态的城市占比为35.42%,主要分布在华中、东南等经济较发达、水资源较丰富的地区。

能源消费、金融支持对制造业绿色创新的驱动效应研究

当前世界能源发展面临着供需结构不协调、环境资源开发利用率低等不稳定因素,围绕制造业高质量发展的能源消费及技术升级需要,金融部门积极创新,加大金融服务供给,驱动制造业绿色低碳创新,助力制造业绿色低碳高质量发展。鉴于此,构建2010-2019年中国制造业行业面板数据,通过建立固定效应计量模型及引入随机前沿分析方法,实证检验能源消费水平、金融支持力度和二者的交互作用对制造业绿色创新影响的驱动效应。实证结果表明:能源消费水平对制造业绿色创新呈负向作用,而提升金融支持力度有助于制造业绿色发展;能源消费水平和金融支持力度可经过交互作用形成对制造业绿色创新的促进作用;在“双碳”目标背景之下,消费升级和产业升级均加快了制造业绿色变革步伐;此外,外商投资和政府有效干预也一定程度上促进了制造业绿色转型。为此,提出如下对策与建议:首先,制造业要转变传统生产思想,认真贯彻执行绿色创新理念,深度融入绿色发展格局;其次,鼓励银行业等金融机构继续加大对制造业绿色融资支持力度,并不断完善风险识别及管控措施;最后,政府应正确发挥宏观调控的作用,提高决策质量、降低决策失误。

数字经济对现代化产业体系建设的影响研究

现代化产业体系是现代化国家的物质基础,建设现代化产业体系对实现经济高质量发展、推动中国式现代化进程具有重要意义。利用2011—2021年我国30个省级行政区的面板数据,结合稳健性检验、内生性检验、中介效应检验和异质性检验等方法,实证分析数字经济对现代化产业体系的影响机制,为经济高质量发展奠定基础。研究发现:数字经济发展水平越高,现代化产业体系建设越完善;数字经济发展对现代化产业体系建设的推动作用在中西部地区和教育水平高的地区更为明显;绿色技术创新和产业结构升级在数字经济对现代化产业体系建设的影响中发挥中介作用。因此,应通过加强“两化”、推动绿色技术创新、优化产业结构等途径建设现代化产业体系,夯实中国式现代化的物质基础。

中国龙头科技企业技术创新能力驱动路径研究——基于fsQCA研究方法

为推动中国科技企业高质量发展,提升科技企业创新能力,对中国龙头科技企业技术创新能力进行深入探究。基于企业内部研发资金投入、研发人员投入和税收优惠、地方补贴及行业技术5个前因条件,阐述其对中国龙头科技企业技术创新能力的影响。采用模糊集定性比较分析法对26家中国不同行业上市龙头科技企业进行分析,构建前因条件对创新能力的影响框架,结果发现:从整体看,企业研发投入、地方政府补贴以及行业技术通过不同条件组态影响龙头科技企业创新能力;从企业资源看,相较于研发资金,研发人员对龙头科技企业创新能力的影响更加显著;从外部环境看,市场和政府采用优势互补方式驱动龙头科技企业创新,且市场行业技术对企业创新的影响更显著,地方政府补贴对企业创新发挥显著激励作用。

电子商务进农村综合示范政策对县域农业增长的影响研究

本文利用2000—2019年我国县域数据,采用多期DID等方法探讨了电子商务进农村综合示范政策对县域农业发展水平的影响。研究结果显示,电子商务进农村综合示范政策对县域农业经济发展水平提高具有显著的促进作用,且这种促进作用具有长期效应。这一结果在考虑实验组非随机分配、更换因变量和调整样本后仍然稳健。电子商务进农村综合示范政策主要通过农业产业集聚、农业金融服务改善两个途径对县域农业发展水平产生影响。异质性分析表明,电子商务进农村综合示范政策对粮食主产区、经济欠发达地区、地形平缓地区的农业发展水平的促进作用更强。因此,应重视农村电子商务发展对推进乡村全面振兴、促进共同富裕的重要作用,政府要在农村电子商务带头人培训、电子商务基础设施建设、农业产业集聚的产业空间布局规划等方面发挥作用,注重数字普惠金融与县域农业发展的融合,强化数字普惠金融的支持力度。

智慧健康养老产业的现实需求与发展进路

智慧健康养老产业高质量发展是深入实施健康中国战略和积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的重要内容。基于智慧健康养老产业的供需分析框架,分析智慧健康养老产业的现实需求、供给现状,发现智慧健康养老产业供给不平衡、不充分,产业链环节衔接不当,智慧健康养老产品的数字鸿沟难以跨越,智慧健康养老服务的专业人才匮乏,政府和市场的协同合作机制不健全等。据此提出以需定供,提升产业供给质量;整合优势,构建稳定高效产业链;智享养老,推进数字无障碍建设;人才为本,夯实高素质专业队伍;协同发力,推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合等。

数字乡村建设对县域产业升级的影响

县域作为我国经济功能完整、运行独立的基本空间单元,在经济发展体系中的地位举足轻重。当下,我国大多数县域经济发展仍旧处于较低的水平,存在产业发展严重依赖于传统工业与农业、数字基础设施条件落后等多重掣肘。县域产业升级是实现县域经济高质量发展的重要动力,合理的技术应用会促进产业结构的升级进而影响经济增长,数字技术的蓬勃发展为县域发展带来了新的契机。在此背景下,探讨数字乡村建设是否会影响县域产业升级,通过何种渠道来影响,这种影响效应又是否会因县域经济发展水平不同而存在异质性,这一系列问题的解答对理论与实践都具有重大意义。目前关于数字乡村建设与县域产业结构升级关系的研究尚未形成一致结论,由于变量度量指标、样本观测期、理论基础的不同而有所区别。文章将北京大学新农村发展研究院和阿里研究院共同发布的县域数字乡村指数数据与中国县级层面相关数据进行匹配,最终得到2018—2020年涵盖中国1094个县(市)的面板数据,运用面板固定效应模型实证考察数字乡村建设水平对产业结构影响的总效应,并进一步开展了作用机制以及异质性效应讨论。实证结果表明:从全样本层面看,数字乡村建设能够显著促进产业结构升级转型,在进行内生性问题、替换解释变量和被解释变量、剔除特殊样本等多种稳健性检验后,该结果依然成立;从作用机制来看,数字乡村建设通过提升居民创业活跃度和收入水平促进了县域产业结构升级;异质性分析表明,数字乡村建设对中国东北、中部地区产业升级的正向效应更为明显。综合以上结果,文章提出了继续推动县域地区数字建设水平和数字应用水平、加强县域居民数字素养的培养、激发数字乡村建设的就业促进效应、发挥数字技术在经济欠发达地区的后发优势等政策建议。文章的主要贡献在于运用县域数字乡村指数科学且直观地衡量县域数字建设水平,以县域这一更加细微的尺度探讨了数字乡村建设和产业升级之间的关系,丰富现有研究,为政府加快推进数字乡村建设、实现乡村产业振兴和共同富裕目标提供指导。