The 5-HT2c receptor gene Cys23Ser polymorphism influences the intravaginal ejaculation latency time in Dutch Caucasian men with lifelong premature ejaculation

It has been postulated that the persistent short intravaginal ejaculation latency time （IELT） of men with lifelong premature ejaculation （LPE） is related to 5-hydroxytryptamine （HT）2c receptor functioning. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of Cys23Ser 5-HT2c receptor gene polymorphism and the duration of IELT in men with LPE. Therefore, a prospective study was conducted in 64 Dutch Caucasian men with LPE. Baseline IELT during coitus was assessed by stopwatch over a 1-month period. All men were genotyped for Cys23Ser 5-HT2c receptor gene polymorphism. Allele frequencies and genotypes of Cys and Ser variants of 5-HT2c receptor gene polymorphism were determined. Association between Cys/Cys and Ser/Ser genotypes and the natural logarithm of the IELT in men with LPE were.investigated. As a result, the geometric mean, median and natural mean IELT were 25.2, 27.0, 33.9s, respectively. Of all men, 20.0%, 10.8%, 23.1% and 41.5% ejaculated within 10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-60s after vaginal penetration. Of the 64 men, the Cys/Cys and Ser/Ser genotype frequency for the Cys23Ser polymorphism of the 5-HT2c receptor gene was 81% and 19%, respectively. The geometric mean IELT of the wildtypes （Cys/Cys） is significantly lower （22.6s; 95% CI 18.3-27.8s） than in male homozygous mutants （Ser/Ser） （40.4s; 95% CI 20.3-80.4s） （P = 0.03）. It is concluded that Cys23Ser 5-HT2c receptor gene polymorphism is associated with the IELT in men with LPE. Men with Cys/Cys genotype have shorter IELTs than men with Ser/Ser genotypes.

Abnormal cortical surface-based spontaneous and functional connectivity in the whole brain in lifelong premature ejaculation patients

Recent research has highlighted structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebral cortex of patients with premature ejaculation(PE).These anomalies could play a pivotal role in the physiological mechanisms underlying PE.This study leveraged functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI),a noninvasive technique,to explore these neural mechanisms.We conducted resting-state fMRI scans on 36 PE patients and 22 healthy controls(HC),and collected data on Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool(PEDT)scores and intravaginal ejaculation latency time(IELT).Employing a surface-based regional homogeneity(ReHo)approach,we analyzed local neural synchronous spontaneous activity,diverging from previous studies that utilized a volume-based ReHo method.Areas with significant ReHo differences between PE and HC groups underwent surface-based functional connectivity(FC)analysis.Significant discrepancies in ReHo and FC across the cortical surface were observed in the PE cohort.Notably,PE patients exhibited decreased ReHo in the left triangular inferior frontal gyrus and enhanced ReHo in the right middle frontal gyrus.The latter showed heightened connectivity with the left lingual gyrus and the right orbital superior frontal gyrus.Furthermore,a correlation between ReHo and FC values with PEDT scores and IELT was found in the PE group.Our findings,derived from surface-based fMRI data,underscore specific brain regions linked to the neurobiological underpinnings of PE.

Efficacy and Safety of Qiaoshao Formula(翘芍方) on Patients with Lifelong Premature Ejaculation of Gan(Liver) Depression and Shen(Kidney) Deficiency Syndrome:A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective： To observe the efficacy and safety of Qiaoshao Formula（翘芍方, QSF） on patients with lifelong premature ejaculation（LPE） of Gan（Liver） depression and Shen（Kidney） deficiency syndrome. Methods： A total of 60 LPE patients were randomly divided into treatment（QSF） and control（dapoxetine） groups. The treatment group received QSF twice a day and the control group received dapoxetine 1 to 2 h prior to planned sexual intercourse for 4 weeks. The outcomes included intra-vaginal ejaculation latency time（IELT）, premature ejaculation diagnostic tool（PEDT）, clinical global impression of change（CGIC）, scores of Chinese medicine symptoms（CMSS）, sex life satisfaction（SLS） and adverse events（AEs）. Results： In the treatment group, the median IELT was 3 min vs. 1.5 min before and after treatment（P〈0.05）. PEDT in the treatment group was reduced to 11.76±1.68 from 15.83±2.30 after treatment（P〈0.05）. Besides, patient＇s SLS was improved from 1.30±0.05 to 6.30±0.04（P〈0.05）, and spouse＇s SLS was increased from 1.30±0.08 to 6.10±0.06（P〈0.05）; CMSS was decrease from 14.86±3.02 to 9.62±2.87（P〈0.05）. In addition, no significant AE was observed in both groups. Conclusion： QSF may be effective and safe on LPE patients with Gan depression and Shen deficiency syndrome.