The lipH2 gene, encoding the expression of lignin peroxidase, was cloned from Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM-F-1767 and expressed in Pichia pastoris X-33, a yeast. The cDNA of LiPH2 was generated from total RNA extra...The lipH2 gene, encoding the expression of lignin peroxidase, was cloned from Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM-F-1767 and expressed in Pichia pastoris X-33, a yeast. The cDNA of LiPH2 was generated from total RNA extracted from P chrysosporium by PCR with primers that do not contain a P. chrysosporium lignin peroxidase secretion signal. The gene was then successfully inserted into the expression vector pPICZα, and resulted in the recombinant vector pPICZα-lipH2. The transformation was conducted in two ways. One was using the wild Pichia pastoris as the recipients, which results in the recombinant P. pastoris with single or low lipH2 gene copy. The second was using P. pastoris and single or low lipH2 gene copy as the recipients, which results in the recombinant P. pastoris with multi-copies of lipH2 genes. This study firstly expressed the gene lipH2 in P. pastoris and achieved the successful expression of the lipH2 depending upon the generation of a recombinant strain that contained multiple copies. The lignin peroxidase activity reached a maximum of 15 U/L after 12 h induction.展开更多
The activity of lignin peroxidase (LiP) in reversed micelles of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (Brij30) changed with the molar ratio of water to the surfactant and the denaturant concentration of guanidinium chloride. A...The activity of lignin peroxidase (LiP) in reversed micelles of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (Brij30) changed with the molar ratio of water to the surfactant and the denaturant concentration of guanidinium chloride. At low water contents the activity of LiP could be enhanced by the denaturant at moderate concentration. This phenomenon, together with the spectral characteristics of the intrinsic fluorescence of LiP, suggested that the conformation of the active center of LiP was flexible.展开更多
Luffa aegyptiaca fruit has been assayed for the presence of lignin peroxidase activity using veratryl alcohol as the substrate. The fruit juice contained activity of 3.14 U/ml which was much higher than 0.075 U/ml rep...Luffa aegyptiaca fruit has been assayed for the presence of lignin peroxidase activity using veratryl alcohol as the substrate. The fruit juice contained activity of 3.14 U/ml which was much higher than 0.075 U/ml reported in the culture filtrate of Phanarochaete chrysosporium ATCC-24725. The K<sub>m</sub> value of the lignin peroxidase using veratryl alcohol as the variable substrate in 50mM phosphate buffer pH 2.5 at 25°C was found to be 50 μM respectively. The pH and temperature optima of the lignin peroxidase were 2.4 and 22°C, respectively. The present article reports viable method to explore rich sources of lignin peroxidase from plants which can be used as a mediator in oxidative organic transformations within green chemistry domain ensuring ecofriendly synthesis of bioorganic molecules of pharmaceutical value.展开更多
Peroxidase plays an important role in living systems;however,its storage difficulty and easy inactivation have limited its applications in complex environments.To address these problems,herein,we proposed a method to ...Peroxidase plays an important role in living systems;however,its storage difficulty and easy inactivation have limited its applications in complex environments.To address these problems,herein,we proposed a method to synthesize peroxidase mimics by amination,carbonization,and Fe^(3+)-doping of industrial alkali lignin.The Fe^(3+)-doped lignin-based peroxidase mimic(Fe-LPM),with active centers of coordination between Fe^(3+)and N atoms,showed higher tolerance to pH value and temperature than natural peroxidase.Using Fe-LPM,10-100 mmol/L of H_(2)O_(2) and glucose could be colorimetrically detected with the lowest detection limits of 80μmol/L and 1.5 mmol/L and visual detection limits of 1.0 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L,respectively.The Fe-LPM maintained peroxidase-like activity after 10 cycles and could even be used for H_(2)O_(2) detection in practical samples.This work not only provides a new approach to synthesize peroxidase mimics using biomass materials but also promotes the high-value utilization of lignin.展开更多
A synthetic metalloporphine was immobilized onto a PVA-based and mercapto-grafted solid support, emulating the active site of cytochrome P450. Its ligninolytic peroxidase-like catalytic activity was studied. The coord...A synthetic metalloporphine was immobilized onto a PVA-based and mercapto-grafted solid support, emulating the active site of cytochrome P450. Its ligninolytic peroxidase-like catalytic activity was studied. The coordinated mercapto ligand significantly affected the catalytic features of the catalyst because the oxidation of lignin-model compounds was very slow by comparison with imidazoleand pyridine-coordinated immobilized metalloporphines. Conversely, the catalyst efficiently bleached several industrial dyes and thus demonstrated promising activity for this application. Based on this altered substrate specificity the oxygen-donor catalytic route seems to be more favorable than a single electron oxidation pathway.展开更多
The immobilized technique of manganese peroxidase(MnP) in gelatin-containing microemulsion-based gels and the effects of storage time and reuse times on its catalytic activity were studied. The results show that the M...The immobilized technique of manganese peroxidase(MnP) in gelatin-containing microemulsion-based gels and the effects of storage time and reuse times on its catalytic activity were studied. The results show that the MnP immobilized together with Mn 2+ and H_2O_2 could effectively oxidize syringaldazine in n-heptane. The immobilized MnP still had a high catalytic activity after one-month storage under a freezing condition. The reuse times have a relation to the amount of the immobilized H_2O_2. When the amount of the immobilized H_2O_2 is sufficient, the microemulsion-based gels containing MnP could be used many times.展开更多
Since the ability to degrade lignin with one kind of white-rot fungi or bacteria was very limited, superior mixed flora's ability to degrade lignin was investigated by an orthogonal experiment in this paper. The r...Since the ability to degrade lignin with one kind of white-rot fungi or bacteria was very limited, superior mixed flora's ability to degrade lignin was investigated by an orthogonal experiment in this paper. The results showed that superior mixed flora reinforced the ability to degrade lignin, the degradation rates of both sample 9 and 10 were beyond 80% on the day 9 The cooperation between lignin peroxidase(LiP), Mn-dependent peroxidase(MnP) and laccase (Lac) for lignin degradation was also studied. By examining the activities of three enzymes produced by superior mixed flora, it was found that Lac was a key enzyme in the process of biological degradation of lignin but Lip was not; the enzyme activity ratios of Lac/MnP and Lac/LiP were significantly correlative with the degradation rate of lignin at the 0 01 level; and the ratio of MnP/LiP was an important factor affecting the degradation rate of lignin.展开更多
The steady state kinetics of the lignin peroxidase （LIP） catalyzed oxidation of veratryl alcohol （VA） by H2O2 in a sodium bis（2-ethylhexyl） sulfosuccinate （AOT）/isooctane/toluene/water reverse micellar medium ...The steady state kinetics of the lignin peroxidase （LIP） catalyzed oxidation of veratryl alcohol （VA） by H2O2 in a sodium bis（2-ethylhexyl） sulfosuccinate （AOT）/isooctane/toluene/water reverse micellar medium was studied and a comparison with the corresponding aqueous medium was made to understand the effect of the reverse micellar medium on the catalytic mechanism and kinetic parameters. Results indicated that the model reaction in the AOT reverse micelle followed the ping-pong mechanism with true kcat, Km,VA and KmH2O2 being 59.6min^-1, 13.9 mmol· L^-1 and 94.8 μmol·L^-1, respectively; inhibition of high level of H2O2 on LiP followed the reversible competitive pattern with Ki being 0.140 mmol·L^-1. The reaction mechanism and inhibition pattern in the AOT reverse micellar medium were the same as those in bulk aqueous medium, but the kinetic parameters except KmH2O2 were greatly different in the two media. The kcat and Ki values in the reverse micelle were approximately 2 and 20 times smaller than the corresponding values in the aqueous solution, but the Michaelis constant of VA was approximately 100 times greater than that in the aqueous solution. The above mentioned differences in the kinetic parameters were caused by the microheterogeneity and the interface of the AOT reverse micelle, which resulted in the partitioning of VA and H2O2, and by the changes of the conformation of LiP and the reactivity of the substrates.展开更多
Immobilization of enzymes on mesoporous silicas （MS） allows for good reusability. MS with two-dimensional hexagonal pores in diameter up to 14.13 nm were synthesized using Pluronic P123 as template and 1,3,5-triisop...Immobilization of enzymes on mesoporous silicas （MS） allows for good reusability. MS with two-dimensional hexagonal pores in diameter up to 14.13 nm were synthesized using Pluronic P123 as template and 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene as a swelling agent in acetate buffer. The surface of MS was modified by the silanization reagents 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Lignin peroxidase （LIP） was successfully immobilized on the modified MS through covalent binding method by four agents： glutaraldehyde, 1,4- phenylene diisothiocyanate, cyanotic chloride and water-soluble carbodiimide. Results showed that cyanotic chloride provided the best performance for LiP immobilization. The loaded protein concentration was 12.15 mg/g and the immobilized LiP activity was 812.9 U/L. Immobilized LiP had better pH stability. Acid Orange II was used to examine the reusability of immobilized LiP, showing more than 50% of the dye was decolorized at the fifth cycle.展开更多
The extracellular enzyme secretion and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） were studied in agitated and shallow stationary liquid cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Veratryl alcohol and T...The extracellular enzyme secretion and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） were studied in agitated and shallow stationary liquid cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Veratryl alcohol and Tween80 were added to cultures as lignin peroxidase （LIP） and manganese peroxidase （MnP） inducer, respectively. Shallow stationary cultures were suitable for the production of enzyme, whereas agitated cultures enhanced overall biodegradation by facilitating interphase mass transfer of PAHs into aqueous phases. The use of a LiP stimulator, veratryl alcohol, did not increase PAH degradation but significantly enhanced LiP activity. In contrast, Tween80 increased both MnP secretion and PAH degradation in shallow stationary cultures. On the other hand, high PAH degradation was observed in agitated cultures in the absence of detectable LiP and MnP activities. The results suggested that extracellular peroxidase activities are not directly related to the PAH degradation, and the increased solubility rather than enzyme activity may be more important in the promotion of PAH degradation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20577028).
文摘The lipH2 gene, encoding the expression of lignin peroxidase, was cloned from Phanerochaete chrysosporium BKM-F-1767 and expressed in Pichia pastoris X-33, a yeast. The cDNA of LiPH2 was generated from total RNA extracted from P chrysosporium by PCR with primers that do not contain a P. chrysosporium lignin peroxidase secretion signal. The gene was then successfully inserted into the expression vector pPICZα, and resulted in the recombinant vector pPICZα-lipH2. The transformation was conducted in two ways. One was using the wild Pichia pastoris as the recipients, which results in the recombinant P. pastoris with single or low lipH2 gene copy. The second was using P. pastoris and single or low lipH2 gene copy as the recipients, which results in the recombinant P. pastoris with multi-copies of lipH2 genes. This study firstly expressed the gene lipH2 in P. pastoris and achieved the successful expression of the lipH2 depending upon the generation of a recombinant strain that contained multiple copies. The lignin peroxidase activity reached a maximum of 15 U/L after 12 h induction.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30470048)the Interdisciplinary Foundation of Shandong University
文摘The activity of lignin peroxidase (LiP) in reversed micelles of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (Brij30) changed with the molar ratio of water to the surfactant and the denaturant concentration of guanidinium chloride. At low water contents the activity of LiP could be enhanced by the denaturant at moderate concentration. This phenomenon, together with the spectral characteristics of the intrinsic fluorescence of LiP, suggested that the conformation of the active center of LiP was flexible.
文摘Luffa aegyptiaca fruit has been assayed for the presence of lignin peroxidase activity using veratryl alcohol as the substrate. The fruit juice contained activity of 3.14 U/ml which was much higher than 0.075 U/ml reported in the culture filtrate of Phanarochaete chrysosporium ATCC-24725. The K<sub>m</sub> value of the lignin peroxidase using veratryl alcohol as the variable substrate in 50mM phosphate buffer pH 2.5 at 25°C was found to be 50 μM respectively. The pH and temperature optima of the lignin peroxidase were 2.4 and 22°C, respectively. The present article reports viable method to explore rich sources of lignin peroxidase from plants which can be used as a mediator in oxidative organic transformations within green chemistry domain ensuring ecofriendly synthesis of bioorganic molecules of pharmaceutical value.
基金The authors are grateful for the financial support by the
文摘Peroxidase plays an important role in living systems;however,its storage difficulty and easy inactivation have limited its applications in complex environments.To address these problems,herein,we proposed a method to synthesize peroxidase mimics by amination,carbonization,and Fe^(3+)-doping of industrial alkali lignin.The Fe^(3+)-doped lignin-based peroxidase mimic(Fe-LPM),with active centers of coordination between Fe^(3+)and N atoms,showed higher tolerance to pH value and temperature than natural peroxidase.Using Fe-LPM,10-100 mmol/L of H_(2)O_(2) and glucose could be colorimetrically detected with the lowest detection limits of 80μmol/L and 1.5 mmol/L and visual detection limits of 1.0 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L,respectively.The Fe-LPM maintained peroxidase-like activity after 10 cycles and could even be used for H_(2)O_(2) detection in practical samples.This work not only provides a new approach to synthesize peroxidase mimics using biomass materials but also promotes the high-value utilization of lignin.
基金supported by the Regione Autonoma Sardegna (PO Sardegna FSE 2007-2013, L.R.7/2007, Bando Giovani Ricercatori, Project CRP1_27)
文摘A synthetic metalloporphine was immobilized onto a PVA-based and mercapto-grafted solid support, emulating the active site of cytochrome P450. Its ligninolytic peroxidase-like catalytic activity was studied. The coordinated mercapto ligand significantly affected the catalytic features of the catalyst because the oxidation of lignin-model compounds was very slow by comparison with imidazoleand pyridine-coordinated immobilized metalloporphines. Conversely, the catalyst efficiently bleached several industrial dyes and thus demonstrated promising activity for this application. Based on this altered substrate specificity the oxygen-donor catalytic route seems to be more favorable than a single electron oxidation pathway.
文摘The immobilized technique of manganese peroxidase(MnP) in gelatin-containing microemulsion-based gels and the effects of storage time and reuse times on its catalytic activity were studied. The results show that the MnP immobilized together with Mn 2+ and H_2O_2 could effectively oxidize syringaldazine in n-heptane. The immobilized MnP still had a high catalytic activity after one-month storage under a freezing condition. The reuse times have a relation to the amount of the immobilized H_2O_2. When the amount of the immobilized H_2O_2 is sufficient, the microemulsion-based gels containing MnP could be used many times.
文摘Since the ability to degrade lignin with one kind of white-rot fungi or bacteria was very limited, superior mixed flora's ability to degrade lignin was investigated by an orthogonal experiment in this paper. The results showed that superior mixed flora reinforced the ability to degrade lignin, the degradation rates of both sample 9 and 10 were beyond 80% on the day 9 The cooperation between lignin peroxidase(LiP), Mn-dependent peroxidase(MnP) and laccase (Lac) for lignin degradation was also studied. By examining the activities of three enzymes produced by superior mixed flora, it was found that Lac was a key enzyme in the process of biological degradation of lignin but Lip was not; the enzyme activity ratios of Lac/MnP and Lac/LiP were significantly correlative with the degradation rate of lignin at the 0 01 level; and the ratio of MnP/LiP was an important factor affecting the degradation rate of lignin.
基金Project supportedby the Natural Science Founciation of Shandong Province （No. 65310044） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30570014）.
文摘The steady state kinetics of the lignin peroxidase （LIP） catalyzed oxidation of veratryl alcohol （VA） by H2O2 in a sodium bis（2-ethylhexyl） sulfosuccinate （AOT）/isooctane/toluene/water reverse micellar medium was studied and a comparison with the corresponding aqueous medium was made to understand the effect of the reverse micellar medium on the catalytic mechanism and kinetic parameters. Results indicated that the model reaction in the AOT reverse micelle followed the ping-pong mechanism with true kcat, Km,VA and KmH2O2 being 59.6min^-1, 13.9 mmol· L^-1 and 94.8 μmol·L^-1, respectively; inhibition of high level of H2O2 on LiP followed the reversible competitive pattern with Ki being 0.140 mmol·L^-1. The reaction mechanism and inhibition pattern in the AOT reverse micellar medium were the same as those in bulk aqueous medium, but the kinetic parameters except KmH2O2 were greatly different in the two media. The kcat and Ki values in the reverse micelle were approximately 2 and 20 times smaller than the corresponding values in the aqueous solution, but the Michaelis constant of VA was approximately 100 times greater than that in the aqueous solution. The above mentioned differences in the kinetic parameters were caused by the microheterogeneity and the interface of the AOT reverse micelle, which resulted in the partitioning of VA and H2O2, and by the changes of the conformation of LiP and the reactivity of the substrates.
基金supported by the Key Projects in National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period (No. 2008BADC4B13)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20677033)
文摘Immobilization of enzymes on mesoporous silicas （MS） allows for good reusability. MS with two-dimensional hexagonal pores in diameter up to 14.13 nm were synthesized using Pluronic P123 as template and 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene as a swelling agent in acetate buffer. The surface of MS was modified by the silanization reagents 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Lignin peroxidase （LIP） was successfully immobilized on the modified MS through covalent binding method by four agents： glutaraldehyde, 1,4- phenylene diisothiocyanate, cyanotic chloride and water-soluble carbodiimide. Results showed that cyanotic chloride provided the best performance for LiP immobilization. The loaded protein concentration was 12.15 mg/g and the immobilized LiP activity was 812.9 U/L. Immobilized LiP had better pH stability. Acid Orange II was used to examine the reusability of immobilized LiP, showing more than 50% of the dye was decolorized at the fifth cycle.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20677024).
文摘The extracellular enzyme secretion and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） were studied in agitated and shallow stationary liquid cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Veratryl alcohol and Tween80 were added to cultures as lignin peroxidase （LIP） and manganese peroxidase （MnP） inducer, respectively. Shallow stationary cultures were suitable for the production of enzyme, whereas agitated cultures enhanced overall biodegradation by facilitating interphase mass transfer of PAHs into aqueous phases. The use of a LiP stimulator, veratryl alcohol, did not increase PAH degradation but significantly enhanced LiP activity. In contrast, Tween80 increased both MnP secretion and PAH degradation in shallow stationary cultures. On the other hand, high PAH degradation was observed in agitated cultures in the absence of detectable LiP and MnP activities. The results suggested that extracellular peroxidase activities are not directly related to the PAH degradation, and the increased solubility rather than enzyme activity may be more important in the promotion of PAH degradation.
