According to the traditional fatigue constant life curve, the concept and the universal expression of the generalized fatigue constant life curve were proposed. Then, on the basis of the optimization method of the cor...According to the traditional fatigue constant life curve, the concept and the universal expression of the generalized fatigue constant life curve were proposed. Then, on the basis of the optimization method of the correlation coefficient, the parameter estimation formulas were induced and the generalized fatigue constant life curve with the reliability level p was given. From P-S-a-S-m curve, the two-dimensional probability distribution of the fatigue limit was derived. After then, three se, of tests of LY11 CZ corresponding to the different average stress were carried out in terms of the two-dimensional up-down method. Finally, the methods are used to analyze the test results, and it is found that the analyzed results with the high precision may be obtained.展开更多
<strong>Background and Purpose:</strong> Walking difficulties are defined as any reduction in speed, balance, or change of gait, causing limited ambulation. These difficulties are a common problem in older...<strong>Background and Purpose:</strong> Walking difficulties are defined as any reduction in speed, balance, or change of gait, causing limited ambulation. These difficulties are a common problem in older adults and may greatly affect their quality of life (QOL) and restrict their personal independence and participation. This study aimed to determine the effect of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) on lower leg pain, walking capacity, functional mobility, ankle range of motion (AROM), and QOL of community-dwelling older people with walking difficulties. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this randomized controlled trial, 34 eligible participants with self-reported lower limb pain and limited ambulation were randomized either to the intermittent pneumatic compression intervention group (IPCIG) or static compression control group (SCCG). The IPCIG and SCCG were trained to receive IPC and SC respectively for both lower legs and instructed to continue the application independently at home for 15 minutes per session, 2 sessions a day, 7 days per week for 4 weeks independently at the home. Outcome measures of lower leg pain, AROM, walking capacity, and functional mobility were assessed at baseline and at the first, second, third, and fourth weeks after randomization. Quality of life was assessed at baseline and immediately after the intervention. <strong>Results and Discussion:</strong> IPCIG showed a more significant improvement compared to the SCCG at the post-interventional stage for QOL and all the subscales. The findings show that “80% improved QOL” is 53% higher with the application of IPC than with SC for 4 weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. A pairwise comparison of mean values of 6 MWT over 4 weeks within the IPCIG showed a significant difference between all the weeks. Pairwise comparisons between groups at each time point showed that the IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in the timed up and go (TUG) test at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. Pairwise comparison of mean values of TUG test within the IPCIG showed a significant difference over 4 weeks, except between the second and third weeks, fourth week, and third and fourth weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in lower leg pain between all weeks except the first week compared to the SCCG. Pairwise comparison of mean values of lower leg pain over 4 weeks within the IPCIG showed a significant difference among all weekly outcomes except between 1 and 2 weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in left and right ankle dorsiflexion ROM at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The IPC was effective in reducing lower leg pain and increasing the AROM and improving the walking capacity, functional mobility level, and QOL of community-dwelling older people with walking disabilities. Walking disability in old age is a common condition requiring physical therapy. Intermittent pneumatic compression can be used as a physical therapy modality for this patient group.展开更多
The philosophical root of all human beings’ existence crisis in the contemporary times is the philosophy of the unlimited theory. The inner spiritual supporting force is the construction from its theoretical reason t...The philosophical root of all human beings’ existence crisis in the contemporary times is the philosophy of the unlimited theory. The inner spiritual supporting force is the construction from its theoretical reason to its scientific reason. Its essential ideas stem from the people-centered theory, the view of happiness in the material- purposed theory, the communist life style, the material hegemonist principle, and the rational action principles of economic technology. In the 21st century, in order to deal with the dangerous situation of human beings’ exist- ence from the root, the philosophy of the limitation theory must be established, which has the eco-reason as the value support, integrates all the original wisdom of human beings and reflects human’s spiritual needs of the age as well as the direction of human future development. The whole percept of this new philosophy is that “all things have souls”; its basic law of existence is “the ceaseless life circle”; its survival goal is the view of happiness in the harmony of material and spirit; its social action guidance and principle are (environment, society, humanity) the environment ecologism and the integral-and-mutual action principle (of human beings &society, individual &society, and present age & posterity).展开更多
针对某综合传动装置研制周期长、结构复杂、零部件繁多等特点,将综合传动装置可靠性预计分为概念设计、方案设计和工程设计3个阶段,并结合层次分析法对综合传动装置按照“系统-分系统-部件-元件”进行结构分层,实现综合传动装置可靠性...针对某综合传动装置研制周期长、结构复杂、零部件繁多等特点,将综合传动装置可靠性预计分为概念设计、方案设计和工程设计3个阶段,并结合层次分析法对综合传动装置按照“系统-分系统-部件-元件”进行结构分层,实现综合传动装置可靠性建模。同时,考虑到部分元件平均故障前时间(mean time to failure, MTTF)远大于服役年限,提出了有限寿命元件可靠性预计策略,给出了机械、电气和液压3类元件针对性的预计方法。最后,案例分析结果验证了方法的有效性。展开更多
In this paper the dual random model of increasing life insurance for multiple-life status is discussed.The mth moment of the present value of benefits are calculated and the respective expressions of the moments under...In this paper the dual random model of increasing life insurance for multiple-life status is discussed.The mth moment of the present value of benefits are calculated and the respective expressions of the moments under joint life status or last- survivor status are presented.Fur-thermore,the limiting distribution of average cost of a portfolio of increasing life insurance for multiple-life status is studied.展开更多
文摘According to the traditional fatigue constant life curve, the concept and the universal expression of the generalized fatigue constant life curve were proposed. Then, on the basis of the optimization method of the correlation coefficient, the parameter estimation formulas were induced and the generalized fatigue constant life curve with the reliability level p was given. From P-S-a-S-m curve, the two-dimensional probability distribution of the fatigue limit was derived. After then, three se, of tests of LY11 CZ corresponding to the different average stress were carried out in terms of the two-dimensional up-down method. Finally, the methods are used to analyze the test results, and it is found that the analyzed results with the high precision may be obtained.
文摘<strong>Background and Purpose:</strong> Walking difficulties are defined as any reduction in speed, balance, or change of gait, causing limited ambulation. These difficulties are a common problem in older adults and may greatly affect their quality of life (QOL) and restrict their personal independence and participation. This study aimed to determine the effect of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) on lower leg pain, walking capacity, functional mobility, ankle range of motion (AROM), and QOL of community-dwelling older people with walking difficulties. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this randomized controlled trial, 34 eligible participants with self-reported lower limb pain and limited ambulation were randomized either to the intermittent pneumatic compression intervention group (IPCIG) or static compression control group (SCCG). The IPCIG and SCCG were trained to receive IPC and SC respectively for both lower legs and instructed to continue the application independently at home for 15 minutes per session, 2 sessions a day, 7 days per week for 4 weeks independently at the home. Outcome measures of lower leg pain, AROM, walking capacity, and functional mobility were assessed at baseline and at the first, second, third, and fourth weeks after randomization. Quality of life was assessed at baseline and immediately after the intervention. <strong>Results and Discussion:</strong> IPCIG showed a more significant improvement compared to the SCCG at the post-interventional stage for QOL and all the subscales. The findings show that “80% improved QOL” is 53% higher with the application of IPC than with SC for 4 weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. A pairwise comparison of mean values of 6 MWT over 4 weeks within the IPCIG showed a significant difference between all the weeks. Pairwise comparisons between groups at each time point showed that the IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in the timed up and go (TUG) test at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. Pairwise comparison of mean values of TUG test within the IPCIG showed a significant difference over 4 weeks, except between the second and third weeks, fourth week, and third and fourth weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in lower leg pain between all weeks except the first week compared to the SCCG. Pairwise comparison of mean values of lower leg pain over 4 weeks within the IPCIG showed a significant difference among all weekly outcomes except between 1 and 2 weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in left and right ankle dorsiflexion ROM at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The IPC was effective in reducing lower leg pain and increasing the AROM and improving the walking capacity, functional mobility level, and QOL of community-dwelling older people with walking disabilities. Walking disability in old age is a common condition requiring physical therapy. Intermittent pneumatic compression can be used as a physical therapy modality for this patient group.
文摘The philosophical root of all human beings’ existence crisis in the contemporary times is the philosophy of the unlimited theory. The inner spiritual supporting force is the construction from its theoretical reason to its scientific reason. Its essential ideas stem from the people-centered theory, the view of happiness in the material- purposed theory, the communist life style, the material hegemonist principle, and the rational action principles of economic technology. In the 21st century, in order to deal with the dangerous situation of human beings’ exist- ence from the root, the philosophy of the limitation theory must be established, which has the eco-reason as the value support, integrates all the original wisdom of human beings and reflects human’s spiritual needs of the age as well as the direction of human future development. The whole percept of this new philosophy is that “all things have souls”; its basic law of existence is “the ceaseless life circle”; its survival goal is the view of happiness in the harmony of material and spirit; its social action guidance and principle are (environment, society, humanity) the environment ecologism and the integral-and-mutual action principle (of human beings &society, individual &society, and present age & posterity).
文摘针对某综合传动装置研制周期长、结构复杂、零部件繁多等特点,将综合传动装置可靠性预计分为概念设计、方案设计和工程设计3个阶段,并结合层次分析法对综合传动装置按照“系统-分系统-部件-元件”进行结构分层,实现综合传动装置可靠性建模。同时,考虑到部分元件平均故障前时间(mean time to failure, MTTF)远大于服役年限,提出了有限寿命元件可靠性预计策略,给出了机械、电气和液压3类元件针对性的预计方法。最后,案例分析结果验证了方法的有效性。
文摘In this paper the dual random model of increasing life insurance for multiple-life status is discussed.The mth moment of the present value of benefits are calculated and the respective expressions of the moments under joint life status or last- survivor status are presented.Fur-thermore,the limiting distribution of average cost of a portfolio of increasing life insurance for multiple-life status is studied.
