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Objective Model Selection in Physics: Exploring the Finite Information Quantity Approach
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作者 Boris Menin 《Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics》 2024年第5期1848-1889,共42页
Traditional methods for selecting models in experimental data analysis are susceptible to researcher bias, hindering exploration of alternative explanations and potentially leading to overfitting. The Finite Informati... Traditional methods for selecting models in experimental data analysis are susceptible to researcher bias, hindering exploration of alternative explanations and potentially leading to overfitting. The Finite Information Quantity (FIQ) approach offers a novel solution by acknowledging the inherent limitations in information processing capacity of physical systems. This framework facilitates the development of objective criteria for model selection (comparative uncertainty) and paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of phenomena through exploring diverse explanations. This work presents a detailed comparison of the FIQ approach with ten established model selection methods, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each. We demonstrate the potential of FIQ to enhance the objectivity and robustness of scientific inquiry through three practical examples: selecting appropriate models for measuring fundamental constants, sound velocity, and underwater electrical discharges. Further research is warranted to explore the full applicability of FIQ across various scientific disciplines. 展开更多
关键词 Comparative Uncertainty Finite Information Quantity Formulating a Model measurement Accuracy Limit Objective Model Selection
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Magnetic Field Measurement with Heisenberg Limit Based on Solid Spin NOON State
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作者 周雷鸣 董杨 孙方稳 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第6期164-168,共5页
The maximum entangled number state (NOON state) can improve the sensitivity of physical quantity measure- ment to the Heisenberg limit 1/N. In this work, the magnetic field measurement based on the individual solid ... The maximum entangled number state (NOON state) can improve the sensitivity of physical quantity measure- ment to the Heisenberg limit 1/N. In this work, the magnetic field measurement based on the individual solid spin NOON state is investigated. Based on the tunable effective coupling coefficient, we propose a generation scheme of the three-spin NOON state, i.e, the Creenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (CHZ) state, and discussed the mea- surement resolution reduction due to decoherence. It is unnecessary to entangle spins as many as possible when decoherence exists. In practice, defect spins in diamond and alp donors with long coherence time can be applied with current techniques in the nano-scaled high resolution magnetic measurement. 展开更多
关键词 Magnetic Field measurement with Heisenberg Limit Based on Solid Spin NOON State
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Dynamic response limit of high-speed railway bridge under earthquake considering running safety performance of train 被引量:13
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作者 LIU Xiang JIANG Li-zhong +3 位作者 XIANG Ping LAI Zhi-peng FENG Yu-lin CAO Shan-shan 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第3期968-980,共13页
Due to the wide railway network and different characteristics of many earthquake zones in China,considering the running safety performance of trains(RSPT)in the design of high-speed railway bridge structures is very n... Due to the wide railway network and different characteristics of many earthquake zones in China,considering the running safety performance of trains(RSPT)in the design of high-speed railway bridge structures is very necessary.In this study,in order to provide the seismic design and evaluation measure of the bridge structure based on the RSPT,a calculation model of RSPT on bridge under earthquake was established,and the track surface response measure when the derailment coefficient reaches the limit value was calculated by referring to 15 commonly used ground motion(GM)intensity measures.Based on the coefficient of variation of the limit value obtained from multiple GM samples,the optimal measures were selected.Finally,the limit value of bridge seismic response based on RSPT with different train speeds and structural periods was determined. 展开更多
关键词 high-speed railway bridge seismic design running safety performance measure limit
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A scheme for Sagnac-effect quantum enhancement with Fock state light input 被引量:1
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作者 陈坤 陈树新 +2 位作者 吴德伟 杨春燕 苗强 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2017年第9期252-260,共9页
Sagnac effect enhancement can improve optical gyro precision. For a certain input intensity, we suggest that the other input port of beam splitter(BS) should be fed with some quantum light to break through shot nois... Sagnac effect enhancement can improve optical gyro precision. For a certain input intensity, we suggest that the other input port of beam splitter(BS) should be fed with some quantum light to break through shot noise limit(SNL) to improve Sagnac effect without increasing radiation-pressure noise(NRP). We design a Sagnac effect quantum enhancement criterion(SQEC) to judge whether some quantum light can enhance Sagnac effect and present a Sagnac effect enhancement scheme that utilizing Fock state light and parity measurement technique to extract the output phase. The results of the theoretical analysis show that the maximum sensitivity can be reached at θ = 0, and the phase precision can break through SNL and even achieve Heisenberg limit(HL). When the Fock state average photon number n is far less than coherent state, the minimum measurable angular rate is improved with √2n+1 times, which can deduce shot noise and increase NRP little. 展开更多
关键词 optical gyro radiation-pressure noise parity measurement Heisenberg limit
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On limiting behavior of stationary measures for stochastic evolution systems with small noise intensity 被引量:4
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作者 Lifeng Chen Zhao Dong +1 位作者 Jifa Jiang Jianliang Zhai 《Science China Mathematics》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第8期1463-1504,共42页
The limiting behavior of stochastic evolution processes with small noise intensityεis investigated in distribution-based approaches.Letμεbe a stationary measure for stochastic process Xεwith smallεand X0 be a sem... The limiting behavior of stochastic evolution processes with small noise intensityεis investigated in distribution-based approaches.Letμεbe a stationary measure for stochastic process Xεwith smallεand X0 be a semiflow on a Polish space.Assume that{με:0<ε≤ε0}is tight.Then all their limits in the weak sense are X0-invariant and their supports are contained in the Birkhoff center of X0.Applications are made to various stochastic evolution systems,including stochastic ordinary differential equations,stochastic partial differential equations,and stochastic functional differential equations driven by Brownian motion or Levy processes. 展开更多
关键词 stationary measure Lyapunov function limit measure support Birkhoff center stochastic evolution system
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A criterion on a repeller being a null set of any limit measure for stochastic differential equations 被引量:1
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作者 Lifeng Chen Zhao Dong Jifa Jiang 《Science China Mathematics》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第2期221-238,共18页
This paper studies limit behaviors of stationary measures for stochastic ordinary differential equations with nondegenerate noise and presents a criterion to guarantee that a repeller with zero Lebesgue measure is a n... This paper studies limit behaviors of stationary measures for stochastic ordinary differential equations with nondegenerate noise and presents a criterion to guarantee that a repeller with zero Lebesgue measure is a null set of any limit measure.Using this criterion,we first provide a series of nontrivial concrete examples to show that their repelling limit cycles or quasi-periodic orbits are null sets for all limit measures,which deduces that all their limit measures are concentrated on stable equilibria and stable limit cycles or quasi-periodic orbits,and saddles.Interesting open questions on exact supports of limit measures are proposed. 展开更多
关键词 stationary measure limit measure support Lyapunov function repelling limit cycle repelling quasi-periodic orbit
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Influence of leading edge with real manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance of high subsonic compressor cascades 被引量:13
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作者 Chi MA Limin GAO +2 位作者 Haohao WANG Ruiyu LI Baohai WU 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第6期220-232,共13页
To investigate the influence of real leading-edge manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance of high subsonic compressor blades,a family of leading-edge manufacturing error data were obtained from measured compres... To investigate the influence of real leading-edge manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance of high subsonic compressor blades,a family of leading-edge manufacturing error data were obtained from measured compressor cascades.Considering the limited samples,the leadingedge angle and leading-edge radius distribution forms were evaluated by Shapiro-Wilk test and quantile–quantile plot.Their statistical characteristics provided can be introduced to later related researches.The parameterization design method B-spline and Bezier are adopted to create geometry models with manufacturing error based on leading-edge angle and leading-edge radius.The influence of real manufacturing error is quantified and analyzed by self-developed non-intrusive polynomial chaos and Sobol’indices.The mechanism of leading-edge manufacturing error on aerodynamic performance is discussed.The results show that the total pressure loss coefficient is sensitive to the leading-edge manufacturing error compared with the static pressure ratio,especially at high incidence.Specifically,manufacturing error of the leading edge will influence the local flow acceleration and subsequently cause fluctuation of the downstream flow.The aerodynamic performance is sensitive to the manufacturing error of leading-edge radius at the design and negative incidences,while it is sensitive to the manufacturing error of leading-edge angle under the operation conditions with high incidences. 展开更多
关键词 Aerodynamic performance Compressor cascade Limited measurement data Manufacturing error Uncertainty analysis
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