Command filtered integrated estimation guidance and control for strapdown missiles with circular field of view

In this paper,an integrated estimation guidance and control(IEGC)system is designed based on the command filtered backstepping approach for circular field-of-view(FOV)strapdown missiles.The threedimensional integrated estimation guidance and control nonlinear model with limited actuator deflection angle is established considering the seeker's FOV constraint.The boundary time-varying integral barrier Lyapunov function(IBLF)is employed in backstepping design to constrain the body line-of-sight(BLOS)in IEGC system to fit a circular FOV.Then,the nonlinear adaptive controller is designed to estimate the changing aerodynamic parameters.The generalized extended state observer(GESO)is designed to estimate the acceleration of the maneuvering targets and the unmatched time-varying disturbances for improving tracking accuracy.Furthermore,the command filters are used to solve the"differential expansion"problem during the backstepping design.The Lyapunov theory is used to prove the stability of the overall closed-loop IEGC system.Finally,the simulation results validate the integrated system's effectiveness,achieving high accuracy strikes against maneuvering targets.

Differential geometric guidance command with finite time convergence using extended state observer

For improving the performance of differential geometric guidance command(DGGC), a new formation of this guidance law is proposed, which can guarantee the finite time convergence(FTC) of the line of sight(LOS) rate to zero or its neighborhood against maneuvering targets in three-dimensional(3D) space. The extended state observer(ESO) is employed to estimate the target acceleration, which makes the new DGGC more applicable to practical interception scenarios. Finally, the effectiveness of this newly proposed guidance command is demonstrated by the numerical simulation results.

Extended optimal guidance law with impact angle and acceleration constriants

The extended optima straints of miss distance and Schwartz inequality. To reduce guidance law with terminal conmpact angle is derived by the terminal acceleration and eliminate gravity disturbance absolutely, the object function, which designs the weight of control command to be the power function of time-to-go＇s reciprocal, is given. And the gravity is considered when building the state equation. Based on the parsing express of the guidance command change with varying time and adjoint system analysis method, the command characteristics and the non-dimensional miss distance of the guidance law are analyzed, a design principle of guidance order coefficients is discussed. Finally, based on the requirement of engineering, the method to calculate the guidance condition and maximal required acceleration of the guidance law is given. The simulation demonstrates that not only the guidance law can satisfy the terminal position and impact angle constraints, but also the terminal acceleration can be converged toward zero, which will support a good situation for the terminal angle of attacking control.

Development of A Three-Dimensional Guidance System for Long-Range Maneuvering of A Miniature Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

The present paper introduces a three-dimensional guidance system developed for a miniature Autonomous Underwater Vehicle（AUV）. The guidance system determines the best trajectory for the vehicle based on target behavior and vehicle capabilities. The dynamic model of this novel AUV is derived based on its special characteristics such as the horizontal posture and the independent diving mechanism. To design the guidance strategy, the main idea is to select the desired depth, presumed proportional to the horizontal distance of the AUV and the target. By connecting the two with a straight line, this strategy helps the AUV move in a trajectory sufficiently close to this line. The adjacency of the trajectory to the line leads to reasonably short travelling distances and avoids unsafe areas. Autopilots are designed using sliding mode controller. Two different engagement geometries are considered to evaluate the strategy＇s performance： stationary target and moving target. The simulation results show that the strategy can provide sufficiently fast and smooth trajectories in both target situations.

基于模型预测控制算法的精确着舰控制方法

针对舰载机着舰过程中的航母运动、舰尾流扰动等影响,提出一种基于模型预测控制-线性二次型高斯(MPC-LQG)算法的精确着舰控制方法,开展飞机纵向通道的精确着舰控制研究。对飞机纵向动力学、舰尾流、航母运动、轨迹跟踪等,进行建模和分析。对MPC-LQG算法进行融合,以实现轨迹跟踪控制,核心思想是:模型预测控制进行航母运动补偿;设计全维状态观测,实现全状态反馈,以实现最优着舰控制。对不同的着舰情况和初始条件进行算法仿真,并与其他算法进行仿真比较。仿真结果表明,所提方法的轨迹跟踪效果很好,高度偏差0.1~0.2 m;相比传统着舰控制,所提方法动态响应快、着舰精度高。

部分约束下空中目标拦截制导控制一体化方法

针对拦截空中目标的场景,提出一种考虑攻击角度的制导控制一体化(integrated guidance and control,IGC)方法,同时考虑输入饱和以及攻角的约束问题。首先,在俯仰平面下对包含不确定性的系统进行了建模。基于反演法和指令滤波器,处理了攻击角度约束问题和执行器机械限制的输入饱和问题,设计了含误差积分反馈的补偿项以处理跟踪误差,引入了障碍Lyapunov函数将攻角约束在预设区间。基于Lyapunov理论证明了闭环系统的稳定性和变量的有界性,以及各约束条件的成立性。仿真实验表明,方法能够以预设角度有效拦截目标,过程满足对输入以及攻角的约束条件,同时具备较强的鲁棒性。

Improved differential geometric guidance commands for endoatmospheric interception of high-speed targets

Pure proportional navigation(PPN) is suitable for endoatmospheric interceptions,for its commanded acceleration is perpendicular to interceptor velocity.However,if the target is much faster than the interceptor,the homing performance of PPN will be degraded badly.True proportional navigation(TPN) does not have this problem,but its commanded acceleration is perpendicular to the line of sight(LOS),which is not suitable for endoatmospheric interceptions.The commanded acceleration of differential geometric guidance commands(DGGC) is perpendicular to the interceptor velocity,while the homing performance approximates the LOS referenced guidance laws(PPN series).Therefore,DGGC is suitable for endoatmospheric interception of high-speed targets.However,target maneuver information is essential for the construction of DGGC,and the guidance commands are complex and may be without robustness.Through the deep analysis of three-dimensional engagement,a new construction method of DGGC is proposed in this paper.The target maneuver information is not needed any more,and the robustness of DGGC is guaranteed,which makes the application of DGGC possible.

Algebraic solution of differential geometric guidance command and time delay control

According to the three-dimensional geometry of the engagement,the explicit algebraic expression of differential geometric guidance command(DGGC)is proposed.Compared with the existing solutions,the algebraic solution is much simpler and better for the further research of the characteristics of DGGC.Time delay control(TDC)is a useful method to tackle the uncertainty problem of a control system.Based on TDC,taking the target maneuvering acceleration as a disturbance,the estimation algorithm of the target maneuvering acceleration is presented,which can be introduced in DGGC to improve its performance.Then,the augmented DGGC(ADGGC)is obtained.The numerical simulation of intercepting a high maneuvering target is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of ADGGC.

洋流干扰下无人船限制水域直线跟踪安全视距制导

The collision-free straight-line following of an unmanned surface vehicle(USV)moving in a constrained water region subject to stationary and moving obstacles is addressed in this paper.USV systems are normally subjected to surge velocity constraints,yaw rate constraints,and unknown ocean currents.Herein,a safety-certificated line-of-sight(LOS)guidance method is proposed to achieve a constrained straight-line following task.First,an antidisturbance LOS guidance law is designed based on the LOS guidance scheme and an extended state observer.Furthermore,collision avoidance with waterway boundaries and stationary/moving obstacles is encoded in control barrier functions,utilizing which the safety constraints are transformed into input constraints.Finally,safety-certificated guidance signals are obtained by solving a quadratic programming problem subject to input constraints.Using the proposed safety-certified LOS guidance method,the USV can accomplish a straight-line following task with guaranteed input-to-state safety.Simulation results substantiate the efficacy of the proposed safety-certificated LOS guidance method for the straight-line following of USVs moving in a constrained water region subject to unknown ocean currents.

一种威胁指数加权的截击引导航线解算算法

截击引导和威胁评估是指挥控制中不可分割的两部分,前者通过航线解算进而实施具体的指挥引导,后者通过计算确定威胁程度高低进而取得态势优势为指挥控制提供依据。以威胁指数为权重,将解算出的引导航线与之加权,提出了一种最优截击指标用以确定威胁程度最小的引导航线解算算法。仿真结果表明:该算法可有效解算出威胁最小的截击航线,且在不同态势、不同威胁权重取值等情况下均可靠。该算法为指挥控制中引导解算方法提供了新思路。

电视指令制导空地导弹垂直命中目标的末制导系统研究

根据人在回路的电视指令制导空地导弹的一般作战攻击过程,将其末制导归结为满足落角约束的目标跟踪问题,接着设计了一种考虑导弹驾驶仪动态因素和重力的影响,能垂直命中目标的末制导律,然后研究了将它应用于电视指令制导空地导弹的弹载设备需求和可行性,最后将其与某型电视指令制导空地导弹使用的末制导律进行了对比,检验了它的优良性能。

基于滤波反步法的欠驱动AUV三维路径跟踪控制

研究了欠驱动自主水下航行器(Autonomous underwater vehicle,AUV)的三维空间路径跟踪控制问题.针对基于虚拟向导建立的三维路径跟踪误差模型,采用滤波反步法设计跟踪控制器,通过二阶滤波过程获得虚拟控制量的导数,避免了直接对虚拟控制量解析求导的复杂过程,同时滤除了高频测量噪声,增加了系统对噪声的鲁棒性.通过设计滤波误差补偿回路,保证了滤波信号对虚拟控制量的逼近精度.基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论设计鲁棒项,保证了闭环跟踪误差系统状态的渐近稳定.仿真结果表明了该控制器对噪声干扰具有一定的鲁棒性,能够实现对三维路径的精确跟踪.

目标飞行器反拦截协同制导策略

为了提高目标飞行器的突防能力,基于视线(LOS)指令制导原理设计了一种协同制导策略。在建立目标飞行器、防御弹以及攻击弹相对运动模型的基础上,证明了LOS制导的可行性,得到了防御弹和攻击弹的加速度关系,并给出了防御弹的LOS指令制导算法;然后,将目标飞行器和防御弹作为一个协同体,为目标飞行器突防进行逆比例制导设计。该协同制导策略不仅用于目标飞行器规避攻击弹拦截,且使得防御弹在不具有速度和加速度优势的条件下也能成功拦截攻击弹。仿真结果表明:所设计的协同制导策略使防御弹具有较高的制导精度,有效提高了目标飞行器的突防概率,为实际工程应用提供了参考。

导弹协同制导中末交接班目标截获概率研究

为定量评估空空导弹协同制导的作战效果,对协同制导条件下中末交接班目标截获概率进行建模研究.根据协同制导的信息流程,给出修正指令计算方法,分析了影响协同制导的6种主要误差源及误差特性,并采用矢量法推导雷达测量误差、姿态测量误差、导航定位误差、传递对准误差和指令延时误差的传递模型,基于制导误差建立中末交接班的目标截获概率计算模型,得到截获概率与误差的定量关系,对目标截获概率和误差灵敏度进行了仿真分析.结果表明,目标截获概率对指令延时误差和制导载机雷达测量误差的敏感性最高.

双机协同导弹指令修正中制导技术

导弹协同制导是提高中远距导弹作战效能的有效潜在途径之一。基于中远距雷达导弹中制导对载机的强依赖性问题,研究双机协同导弹中制导方法。首先,根据双机协同制导的原理建立双机协同制导的数学模型,给出修正指令的矢量计算方法;其次,对双机协同制导的误差进行建模分析,给出系统误差修正方法和随机误差计算方法;最后,对协同制导模型和制导精度进行仿真,仿真表明所建立协同中制导模型的可行性。

过载指令约束下的导弹导引律设计

基于平面内的目标-导弹相对运动方程,采用指令滤波backstepping方法设计了一种过载指令约束下的平面导引律,同时考虑了导弹自动驾驶仪的二阶动态特性。依据制导系统主要状态变量响应特性要求将制导系统分为两个子系统。采用指令滤波backstepping方法基于零化视线角速率原则和目标-导弹相对速度小于一个负常数的原则分别对两个子系统进行导引律设计。指令滤波backstepping方法不仅能够有效地处理过载指令饱和约束而且克服了传统backstepping方法中"项数爆炸"的缺陷。在过载指令饱和且导弹自动驾驶仪存在较大滞后的情况下,针对视线方向施加控制和不施加控制两种情况进行了仿真,结果表明设计的导引律在拦截大机动目标时具有优良的性能。

半导体激光器在激光遥控制导中的空间耦合

针对高功率脉冲半导体激光器的远场特点,及激光制导对激光功率密度和光斑均匀性的要求,给出多孔径空间耦合方案并对其优点进行理论分析;针对纳米叠层芯片高功率半导体激光器偏振特性,基于偏振复用的原理,进行2支高功率半导体阵列激光器的偏振合束研究。通过试验得出结论:偏振耦合后系统输出光功率几乎2倍于单个激光器输出功率,采用多孔径耦合及偏振耦合均能满足遥控制导光斑要求。

预警机指挥引导编队协同对海作战系统建模与仿真

从大系统的角度出发,对预警机指挥引导有人机/无人机编队协同对海作战系统进行了闭环设计,实现从作战方案装订到任务完成后返航整个作战过程的建模与仿真。整个过程提出了多种新的算法及思想,其中包括纯追踪、平行接近、捕获法3种自动引导模型和引导员手动引导模型,以消除僚机与长机的相对位置偏差为思想设计的编队队形变换模型,以禁飞区对编队具有排斥力为思想设计的威胁规避模型等。最后通过Visual C++对各模型进行仿真实现,通过具有强大图形显示功能的二维仿真软件MapX和三维仿真软件Vega Prime实现战场态势可视化,并通过二维/三维显示模块之间的通信实现二维/三维视景显示的同步及实时切换。仿真结果表明,整个系统设计合理有效。

扩展的多约束最优制导律及其特性研究

为满足侵彻攻击空地导弹末端制导要求,解决当前多约束制导律终端攻角控制问题,设计了包含受剩余飞行时间决定的控制量权函数,并引入到最优问题的目标函数中,基于线性二次最优控制理论推导得到一种扩展的多约束最优制导律。利用指令随时间变化解析表达式及伴随系数法,对制导律加速度指令变化规律及无量纲脱靶量特性进行了研究,证明了制导律指令的收敛性,从而为终端攻角控制创造了有利条件。同时,讨论了制导律增益n的设计原则。结合工程应用的需要,分别提出了一种制导初始条件设计方法及最大需用加速度的估计方法,可有效减小导弹末端机动。通过仿真验证了制导律及分析结论的有效性。

机载雷达目标编队试飞指挥引导自动化方法与实现

新一代战斗机机载雷达目标编队试飞呈现大场次的多批、多路、多层次指挥、引导和决策。针对战斗机雷达目标编队传统的人工指挥引导速度慢、精度差、效率低,导致现有试飞手段满足不了试飞需求的问题,介绍了机载雷达目标编队试飞自动化指挥引导的基本全向引导法等方法、主要功能设置和模块体系结构,建立了机载雷达目标编队试飞自动化指挥引导实现模型,并在基于地面雷达和GPS试飞指挥引导自动化系统研制中得到实现和验证。