A series of stringent non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions were implemented to contain the pandemic but the pandemic continues.Moreover,vaccination breakthrough infection and reinfection in convalesce...A series of stringent non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions were implemented to contain the pandemic but the pandemic continues.Moreover,vaccination breakthrough infection and reinfection in convalescent coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)cases have been reported.Further,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants emerged with mutations in spike(S)gene,the target of most current vaccines.Importantly,the mutations exhibit a trend of immune escape from the vaccination.Herein the scientific question that if the vaccination drives genetic or antigenic drifts of SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive.We performed correlation analyses to uncover the impacts of wide vaccination on epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19.In addition,we investigated the evolutionary dynamics and genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 under immune pressure by utilizing the Bayesian phylodynamic inferences and the lineage entropy calculation respectively.We found that vaccination coverage was negatively related to the infections,severe cases,and deaths of COVID-19 respectively.With the increasing vaccination coverage,the lineage diversity of SARS-CoV-2 dampened,but the rapid mutation rates of the S gene were identified,and the vaccination could be one of the explanations for driving mutations in S gene.Moreover,new epidemics resurged in several countries with high vaccination coverage,questioning their current pandemic control strategies.Hence,integrated vaccination and non-pharmacological interventions are critical to control the pandemic.Furthermore,novel vaccine preparation should enhance its capabilities to curb both disease severity and infection possibility.展开更多
基金We thank the important work of SARS-CoV-2 genome data producers globally and especially the COVID-19 genomics UK(COG-UK)consortium contributing sequence data to the GISAID database.This work was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(M22029)National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2301300)+5 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(XDB29010102)and National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(82161148010)J.Y.is supported by Special Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020T130123ZX)Y.B.is supported by the NSFC Outstanding Young Scholars(31822055)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Y2021034)Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202208).
文摘A series of stringent non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions were implemented to contain the pandemic but the pandemic continues.Moreover,vaccination breakthrough infection and reinfection in convalescent coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)cases have been reported.Further,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants emerged with mutations in spike(S)gene,the target of most current vaccines.Importantly,the mutations exhibit a trend of immune escape from the vaccination.Herein the scientific question that if the vaccination drives genetic or antigenic drifts of SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive.We performed correlation analyses to uncover the impacts of wide vaccination on epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19.In addition,we investigated the evolutionary dynamics and genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 under immune pressure by utilizing the Bayesian phylodynamic inferences and the lineage entropy calculation respectively.We found that vaccination coverage was negatively related to the infections,severe cases,and deaths of COVID-19 respectively.With the increasing vaccination coverage,the lineage diversity of SARS-CoV-2 dampened,but the rapid mutation rates of the S gene were identified,and the vaccination could be one of the explanations for driving mutations in S gene.Moreover,new epidemics resurged in several countries with high vaccination coverage,questioning their current pandemic control strategies.Hence,integrated vaccination and non-pharmacological interventions are critical to control the pandemic.Furthermore,novel vaccine preparation should enhance its capabilities to curb both disease severity and infection possibility.
