Potentilla anserina L.(PA)belongs to the Rosaceae family,is a common edible plant in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau areas of China.This study elucidates the mechanism upon which crude polysaccharide of PA(PAP)on fat accumu...Potentilla anserina L.(PA)belongs to the Rosaceae family,is a common edible plant in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau areas of China.This study elucidates the mechanism upon which crude polysaccharide of PA(PAP)on fat accumulation in HepG2 cells stimulated by oleic acid(OA)and high fat high sugar induced mice.The result revealed that PAP inhibited lipid accumulation in obese mice and ameliorated the degree of damage in OA-induced HepG2 cells.Specifically,compared to the control group,the TG and TC levels were decreased in cells and mice serum,the aspartate transaminase and alamine aminotransferase contents were declined in liver of obese mice by PAP treatment.The expressions of adipogenic genes of SREBP-1c,C/EBPα,PPARγ,and FAS were inhibited after PAP treatment.Moreover,PAP increased the mRNA levels of CPT-1 and PPARα,which were involved in fatty acid oxidation.The present results indicated the PAP could alleviate the damage of liver associated with obesity and PAP treatment might provide a dietary therapeutic option for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.展开更多
Background: Milk lipids originate from cytoplasmic lipid droplets(LD) that are synthesized and secreted from mammary epithelial cells by a unique membrane-envelopment process. Butyrophilin 1 A1(BTN1 A1) is one of the ...Background: Milk lipids originate from cytoplasmic lipid droplets(LD) that are synthesized and secreted from mammary epithelial cells by a unique membrane-envelopment process. Butyrophilin 1 A1(BTN1 A1) is one of the membrane proteins that surrounds LD, but its role in bovine mammary lipid droplet synthesis and secretion is not well known.Methods: The objective was to knockout BTN1 A1 in bovine mammary epithelial cells(BMEC) via the CRISPR/Cas9 system and evaluate LD formation, abundance of lipogenic enzymes, and content of cell membrane phospholipid(PL) species. Average LD diameter was determined via Oil Red O staining, and profiling of cell membrane phospholipid species via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Results: Lentivirus-mediated infection of the Cas9/sg RNA expression vector into BMEC resulted in production of a homozygous clone BTN1 A1^((-/-)). The LD size and content decreased following BTN1 A1 gene knockout. The m RNA abundance of fatty acid synthase(FASN) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma(PPARG) was downregulated in the BTN1 A1^((-/-))clone. Subcellular analyses indicated that BTN1 A1 and LD were co-localized in the cytoplasm. BTN1 A1 gene knockout increased the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine(PE) and decreased phosphatidylcholine(PC), which resulted in a lower PC/PE ratio.Conclusions: Results suggest that BTN1 A1 plays an important role in regulating LD synthesis via a mechanism involving membrane phospholipid composition.展开更多
研究普通日粮和高脂饲料条件下不同豆浆饮品对小鼠健康的影响。采用4种不同豆浆饮品(自磨非转基因豆浆F、自磨转基因豆浆G、两种常见市售豆浆K和M)灌胃C57小鼠,并分别饲喂普通日粮和高脂饲料,10周后处死,测定其体重增长率、肝脏系数和...研究普通日粮和高脂饲料条件下不同豆浆饮品对小鼠健康的影响。采用4种不同豆浆饮品(自磨非转基因豆浆F、自磨转基因豆浆G、两种常见市售豆浆K和M)灌胃C57小鼠,并分别饲喂普通日粮和高脂饲料,10周后处死,测定其体重增长率、肝脏系数和结肠长度等参数,并用生化分析仪测定小鼠血清葡萄糖(Glucose,GLU)、甘油三脂(Triglycerides,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,CHOL)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low density lioprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)等指标。用不同豆浆处理人结肠癌细胞HCT-116,检测其对细胞增殖和脂滴积累的影响。结果显示,所有豆浆都不同程度地降低了小鼠血液TG,且市售豆浆M还降低了小鼠血液GLU和CHOL浓度;豆浆处理后结肠癌细胞增殖活性得到明显抑制,但是对油酸诱导的细胞增殖和脂滴积累影响不显著。不同豆浆由于营养及功能活性物质的含量不同,对小鼠血糖、血脂和胆固醇等参数的影响不同,市售豆浆相对自磨豆浆更利于减轻高脂饲料带来的健康副作用。展开更多
旨在分析不同月龄多浪羊不同部位脂肪含量、脂肪代谢相关酶活性和脂肪细胞面积随大麻素受体1(cannabinoid receptor type 1,CB1)基因表达变化的规律,探讨CB1基因表达与多浪羊脂肪沉积的关系。研究选取不同月龄(3、6、12月龄)多浪羊不同...旨在分析不同月龄多浪羊不同部位脂肪含量、脂肪代谢相关酶活性和脂肪细胞面积随大麻素受体1(cannabinoid receptor type 1,CB1)基因表达变化的规律,探讨CB1基因表达与多浪羊脂肪沉积的关系。研究选取不同月龄(3、6、12月龄)多浪羊不同部位(背最长肌、皮下脂肪、腹部脂肪和肠系膜组织)、利用索氏抽提法测定脂肪含量,比色法和酶联免疫吸附法测定酶活性,石蜡切片法测定脂肪细胞面积,实时荧光定量PCR法测定CB1基因表达量及对编码区序列进行分析。结果表明,CB1基因在不同部位均有表达且脂肪组织表达量远远高于肌肉组织表达量,脂肪含量整体在肠系膜组织中含量最高,且CB1基因较为保守,受环境影响较小,脂肪细胞面积在腹部最大,肝脂酶(HL)在皮下脂肪中含量最高,激素敏感性甘油三酯脂肪酶(HSL)在腹部脂肪中含量最高,脂蛋白脂肪酶(LPL)在腹部脂肪中含量最高。综上推测,CB1基因参与脂质代谢相关调节过程,随着年龄的增长多浪羊不同部位脂肪沉积逐渐增加,CB1基因高表达影响多浪羊不同部位脂肪沉积。展开更多
Adipose tissue mass in mammals is thought to expand with an increase in both volume and total number of the adipocytes.Recent findings suggest that in normal-weight as well as obese individuals,the adipocyte number is...Adipose tissue mass in mammals is thought to expand with an increase in both volume and total number of the adipocytes.Recent findings suggest that in normal-weight as well as obese individuals,the adipocyte number is set during adolescence prior to adulthood,whereas the subsequent increase in size predominantly drives obesity.The simultaneous existence of large and small adipocytes and their unsynchronized growth,even within the same adipose tissue depot,argues against simple filling-up of emerging adipocytes with lipids and lipid droplets(LDs).Consequently,it is tempting to speculate about signals sent by large adipocytes to order small adipocytes the take-over of the burden of lipid loading.Currently there is experimental evidence for three distinct types of inter-adipocyte signals,i.e.cell-to-cell contacts,adipokines,and other soluble factors and microvesicles.Very recently,microvesicles have been shown(i)to harbour the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored(c)AMP-degrading phosphodiesterase Gce1 and 5′-nucleotidase CD73,(ii)to be released from large adipocytes,(iii)to interact with small adipocytes,and(iv)to transfer Gce1 and CD73 to plasma membranes and LDs of small adipocytes where they degrade(c)AMP.This sequence of events leads to the up-regulation of lipid storage in small adipocytes in response to the microvesicle-encoded‘take-over’signal from large adipocytes.A model is proposed for the maturation of small adipocytes driven by large ones along a gradient of those inter-adipocyte signals.Pharmacological modulation of inter-adipocyte communication and thereby adipocyte maturation may be useful for the therapy of metabolic diseases.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tibet Autonomous Region(XZ202201ZR0012G)Quality Evaluation and Efficient Utilization of Effective Components of Potentilla anserine Resources in Tibet(XZ202201ZD0001N).
文摘Potentilla anserina L.(PA)belongs to the Rosaceae family,is a common edible plant in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau areas of China.This study elucidates the mechanism upon which crude polysaccharide of PA(PAP)on fat accumulation in HepG2 cells stimulated by oleic acid(OA)and high fat high sugar induced mice.The result revealed that PAP inhibited lipid accumulation in obese mice and ameliorated the degree of damage in OA-induced HepG2 cells.Specifically,compared to the control group,the TG and TC levels were decreased in cells and mice serum,the aspartate transaminase and alamine aminotransferase contents were declined in liver of obese mice by PAP treatment.The expressions of adipogenic genes of SREBP-1c,C/EBPα,PPARγ,and FAS were inhibited after PAP treatment.Moreover,PAP increased the mRNA levels of CPT-1 and PPARα,which were involved in fatty acid oxidation.The present results indicated the PAP could alleviate the damage of liver associated with obesity and PAP treatment might provide a dietary therapeutic option for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1904116)Special Funds for Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System (CARS-37)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (Beijing, China2016YFD0500503)。
文摘Background: Milk lipids originate from cytoplasmic lipid droplets(LD) that are synthesized and secreted from mammary epithelial cells by a unique membrane-envelopment process. Butyrophilin 1 A1(BTN1 A1) is one of the membrane proteins that surrounds LD, but its role in bovine mammary lipid droplet synthesis and secretion is not well known.Methods: The objective was to knockout BTN1 A1 in bovine mammary epithelial cells(BMEC) via the CRISPR/Cas9 system and evaluate LD formation, abundance of lipogenic enzymes, and content of cell membrane phospholipid(PL) species. Average LD diameter was determined via Oil Red O staining, and profiling of cell membrane phospholipid species via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Results: Lentivirus-mediated infection of the Cas9/sg RNA expression vector into BMEC resulted in production of a homozygous clone BTN1 A1^((-/-)). The LD size and content decreased following BTN1 A1 gene knockout. The m RNA abundance of fatty acid synthase(FASN) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma(PPARG) was downregulated in the BTN1 A1^((-/-))clone. Subcellular analyses indicated that BTN1 A1 and LD were co-localized in the cytoplasm. BTN1 A1 gene knockout increased the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine(PE) and decreased phosphatidylcholine(PC), which resulted in a lower PC/PE ratio.Conclusions: Results suggest that BTN1 A1 plays an important role in regulating LD synthesis via a mechanism involving membrane phospholipid composition.
文摘研究普通日粮和高脂饲料条件下不同豆浆饮品对小鼠健康的影响。采用4种不同豆浆饮品(自磨非转基因豆浆F、自磨转基因豆浆G、两种常见市售豆浆K和M)灌胃C57小鼠,并分别饲喂普通日粮和高脂饲料,10周后处死,测定其体重增长率、肝脏系数和结肠长度等参数,并用生化分析仪测定小鼠血清葡萄糖(Glucose,GLU)、甘油三脂(Triglycerides,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,CHOL)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low density lioprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)等指标。用不同豆浆处理人结肠癌细胞HCT-116,检测其对细胞增殖和脂滴积累的影响。结果显示,所有豆浆都不同程度地降低了小鼠血液TG,且市售豆浆M还降低了小鼠血液GLU和CHOL浓度;豆浆处理后结肠癌细胞增殖活性得到明显抑制,但是对油酸诱导的细胞增殖和脂滴积累影响不显著。不同豆浆由于营养及功能活性物质的含量不同,对小鼠血糖、血脂和胆固醇等参数的影响不同,市售豆浆相对自磨豆浆更利于减轻高脂饲料带来的健康副作用。
文摘旨在分析不同月龄多浪羊不同部位脂肪含量、脂肪代谢相关酶活性和脂肪细胞面积随大麻素受体1(cannabinoid receptor type 1,CB1)基因表达变化的规律,探讨CB1基因表达与多浪羊脂肪沉积的关系。研究选取不同月龄(3、6、12月龄)多浪羊不同部位(背最长肌、皮下脂肪、腹部脂肪和肠系膜组织)、利用索氏抽提法测定脂肪含量,比色法和酶联免疫吸附法测定酶活性,石蜡切片法测定脂肪细胞面积,实时荧光定量PCR法测定CB1基因表达量及对编码区序列进行分析。结果表明,CB1基因在不同部位均有表达且脂肪组织表达量远远高于肌肉组织表达量,脂肪含量整体在肠系膜组织中含量最高,且CB1基因较为保守,受环境影响较小,脂肪细胞面积在腹部最大,肝脂酶(HL)在皮下脂肪中含量最高,激素敏感性甘油三酯脂肪酶(HSL)在腹部脂肪中含量最高,脂蛋白脂肪酶(LPL)在腹部脂肪中含量最高。综上推测,CB1基因参与脂质代谢相关调节过程,随着年龄的增长多浪羊不同部位脂肪沉积逐渐增加,CB1基因高表达影响多浪羊不同部位脂肪沉积。
文摘Adipose tissue mass in mammals is thought to expand with an increase in both volume and total number of the adipocytes.Recent findings suggest that in normal-weight as well as obese individuals,the adipocyte number is set during adolescence prior to adulthood,whereas the subsequent increase in size predominantly drives obesity.The simultaneous existence of large and small adipocytes and their unsynchronized growth,even within the same adipose tissue depot,argues against simple filling-up of emerging adipocytes with lipids and lipid droplets(LDs).Consequently,it is tempting to speculate about signals sent by large adipocytes to order small adipocytes the take-over of the burden of lipid loading.Currently there is experimental evidence for three distinct types of inter-adipocyte signals,i.e.cell-to-cell contacts,adipokines,and other soluble factors and microvesicles.Very recently,microvesicles have been shown(i)to harbour the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored(c)AMP-degrading phosphodiesterase Gce1 and 5′-nucleotidase CD73,(ii)to be released from large adipocytes,(iii)to interact with small adipocytes,and(iv)to transfer Gce1 and CD73 to plasma membranes and LDs of small adipocytes where they degrade(c)AMP.This sequence of events leads to the up-regulation of lipid storage in small adipocytes in response to the microvesicle-encoded‘take-over’signal from large adipocytes.A model is proposed for the maturation of small adipocytes driven by large ones along a gradient of those inter-adipocyte signals.Pharmacological modulation of inter-adipocyte communication and thereby adipocyte maturation may be useful for the therapy of metabolic diseases.
