The liquid phase turbulent structure of an air-water bubbly horizontal flow in a circular pipe has been investigated experimentally. Three-dimensional measurements were implemented with two "X" type probes o...The liquid phase turbulent structure of an air-water bubbly horizontal flow in a circular pipe has been investigated experimentally. Three-dimensional measurements were implemented with two "X" type probes oriented in different planes, and local liquid-phase velocities and turbulent stresses were simultaneously obtained. Systematic measurements were conducted covering a range of local void fraction from 0 to 11.7%. The important experiment results and parametric trends are summarized and discussed.展开更多
引言
木质纤维素类生物质的生化转化过程包括预处理过程、水解液发酵过程和产物分离过程,而预处理过程是减少整个生化转化成本和提高生化转化效率的关键[1-3]。与其他预处理方法相比,高温液态水处理(liquid hot water)(温度在170~...引言
木质纤维素类生物质的生化转化过程包括预处理过程、水解液发酵过程和产物分离过程,而预处理过程是减少整个生化转化成本和提高生化转化效率的关键[1-3]。与其他预处理方法相比,高温液态水处理(liquid hot water)(温度在170~250℃,压力高于饱和蒸气压)是一种绿色处理方法,展开更多
以甘蔗渣为原料,采用自主搭建的连续渗滤试验台,考察反应温度、反应时间、反应液流量对甘蔗渣水解情况的影响。实验发现水解液中木聚糖主要以低聚木糖的形式存在,其所占总木糖的比例主要与反应温度和反应液流量相关,高处理温度、低流量...以甘蔗渣为原料,采用自主搭建的连续渗滤试验台,考察反应温度、反应时间、反应液流量对甘蔗渣水解情况的影响。实验发现水解液中木聚糖主要以低聚木糖的形式存在,其所占总木糖的比例主要与反应温度和反应液流量相关,高处理温度、低流量易于生成木糖并进而生成副产物,说明木聚糖在高温液态水中的水解路径为:木聚糖—低聚木糖—木糖—糠醛等。通过实验确定180℃是最合适的反应温度,反应液流量为30 m L/min,15 min获得具有4.17 g/L总木糖的水解液,此时总木糖收率可达93.95%。与间歇搅拌反应形式中的水解情况进行对比分析发现,在相同处理效果的前提下连续渗滤反应形式耗水量更大,但渗滤反应形式可获得更高的木糖收率,残渣酶解率、总糖收率均高于间歇法,副产物生成量也低于间歇反应形式。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.59995460)
文摘The liquid phase turbulent structure of an air-water bubbly horizontal flow in a circular pipe has been investigated experimentally. Three-dimensional measurements were implemented with two "X" type probes oriented in different planes, and local liquid-phase velocities and turbulent stresses were simultaneously obtained. Systematic measurements were conducted covering a range of local void fraction from 0 to 11.7%. The important experiment results and parametric trends are summarized and discussed.
文摘以甘蔗渣为原料,采用自主搭建的连续渗滤试验台,考察反应温度、反应时间、反应液流量对甘蔗渣水解情况的影响。实验发现水解液中木聚糖主要以低聚木糖的形式存在,其所占总木糖的比例主要与反应温度和反应液流量相关,高处理温度、低流量易于生成木糖并进而生成副产物,说明木聚糖在高温液态水中的水解路径为:木聚糖—低聚木糖—木糖—糠醛等。通过实验确定180℃是最合适的反应温度,反应液流量为30 m L/min,15 min获得具有4.17 g/L总木糖的水解液,此时总木糖收率可达93.95%。与间歇搅拌反应形式中的水解情况进行对比分析发现,在相同处理效果的前提下连续渗滤反应形式耗水量更大,但渗滤反应形式可获得更高的木糖收率,残渣酶解率、总糖收率均高于间歇法,副产物生成量也低于间歇反应形式。