Two kinds of materials, soluble and insoluble in liquid zinc, such as Fe and FeB, are separately dealt with.A new theory is presented for insoluble materials. Based on the theory, the surface defects of insoluble mate...Two kinds of materials, soluble and insoluble in liquid zinc, such as Fe and FeB, are separately dealt with.A new theory is presented for insoluble materials. Based on the theory, the surface defects of insoluble materials are themain reason that the matcrials are correded.展开更多
The isothermal corrosion testing, microscopic examination and the performance of Fe3Si alloy as materials of construction for bath hardware in continuous hot-dipping lines were studied. The corrosion of Fe3Si alloy in...The isothermal corrosion testing, microscopic examination and the performance of Fe3Si alloy as materials of construction for bath hardware in continuous hot-dipping lines were studied. The corrosion of Fe3Si alloy in molten zinc was controlled by attacking the grain boundaries preferentially. Aluminum reacted with iron of Fe3Si alloy firstly while the samples were immersed in molten zinc, although aluminum contents in the molten zinc were very low. The phase of reaction product was thought to be Fe2Al5. The corrosion rate of the Fe3Si alloy in molten zinc was determined to be approximately 2.9×10^-3 mm/h, therefore the liquid zinc corrosion resistance of Fe3Si alloy was very weak.展开更多
Interfacial reactions between solid nickel and liquid zinc at 450-650 ℃ for 30-600 s were studied. The morphology and growth behavior of intermetallic compound layers at the interface between solid nickel and liquid ...Interfacial reactions between solid nickel and liquid zinc at 450-650 ℃ for 30-600 s were studied. The morphology and growth behavior of intermetallic compound layers at the interface between solid nickel and liquid zinc were observed and analyzed by SEM and EDS. The results show that γ and 8 phases are formed at 450 ℃ at the Ni/Zn interface, and at 550 ℃ and 650 ℃ only ）,phase is formed at the interthce and some δ phase particles will be participated during solidification on the surface of γphase layer. The β1 phase is absent under experimental conditions. Many cracks occur in the layers due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of these phases. It is found that the kinetics of the intermetallic compounds growth follows a parabolic law of time, as controlled by the diffusion mechanism. The apparent activation energies are 113.9 kJ/mol for the growth of γphase and 125.87 kJ/mol for γ1 phase, respectively.展开更多
The dissolution behavior of solid nickel in static liquid zinc saturated with Fe at 723 K was studied. The results show that when immersing solid Ni in liquid Zn saturated with Fe, the intermetallic compound layers co...The dissolution behavior of solid nickel in static liquid zinc saturated with Fe at 723 K was studied. The results show that when immersing solid Ni in liquid Zn saturated with Fe, the intermetallic compound layers consisted of γ and δ phases are formed on nickel substrate, which is the same as that in liquid pure zinc. However, some Γ2 particles are formed in the liquid near the solid/liquid interface. These Γ2 particles can easily heterogeneously nucleate on ζ particles and grow fast. The dissolution process is governed by diffusion of nickel atom across a concentration boundary layer in liquid Zn saturated with Fe, and is different from a mixed control mechanism of nickel in liquid pure zinc. The participation of Γ2 particles makes the dissolution of solid Ni in the liquid accelerated.展开更多
The influence of pre-oxidation on the liquid zinc corrosion resistance of high Nb-TiAl alloys was investigated. The pre-oxidation was performed by heating the specimens, buried in silica powder and encapsulated in a s...The influence of pre-oxidation on the liquid zinc corrosion resistance of high Nb-TiAl alloys was investigated. The pre-oxidation was performed by heating the specimens, buried in silica powder and encapsulated in a silica tube under a vacuum of 1.3x10-5 Pa at 950℃ for 12 h. Experimental results showed that the preoxidized sample exhibited much higher liquid zinc corrosion resistance than that for the comparative samples. This excellent liquid zinc corrosion resistance was attributed to the formation of high-quality oxide scale during peroxidation. The corrosion of all the samples in liquid zinc was caused by a localized breakdown in the oxide scales. The continuous and dense oxide scale formed during preoxidation substantially may prevent the liquid zinc from diffusing to the substrate, and its good continuity may also reduce the possibility of localized breakdown in the oxide scale.展开更多
Ionic liquids（ILs） are attracting much attention in various fields of chemical synthesis, electrochemical applications, liquid-liquid extractions, as well as biotransformations. Among those fields, the application o...Ionic liquids（ILs） are attracting much attention in various fields of chemical synthesis, electrochemical applications, liquid-liquid extractions, as well as biotransformations. Among those fields, the application of ILs as the potential green solvent for a wide variety of synthetic processes is an area of intense researches. High yield, high selectivity, and good catalytic charac-teristics have usually been achieved. After the isolation of products, ILs can usually be recovered and recycled many times by simple treating procedures, such as, filtration, extraction, and dryness.展开更多
Brass ash from the industrial brass manufacturer in Turkey was leached using the solutions of ionic liquid （IL） 1-butyl-3-methyl-imi-dazolium hydrogen sulfate （[bmim]HSO4） at ambient pressure in the presence of hy...Brass ash from the industrial brass manufacturer in Turkey was leached using the solutions of ionic liquid （IL） 1-butyl-3-methyl-imi-dazolium hydrogen sulfate （[bmim]HSO4） at ambient pressure in the presence of hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） and potassium peroxymonosulfate （oxone） as the oxidants. Parameters affecting leaching efficiency, such as dissolution time, IL concentration, and oxidizing agent addition, were investigated. The results show that [bmim]HSO4 is an efficient IL for the brass ash leaching, providing the dissolution efficiencies of 99%for Zn and 24.82%for Cu at a concentration of 50vol%[bmim]HSO4 in the aqueous solution without any oxidant. However, more than 99%of zinc and 82%of copper are leached by the addition of 50vol%H2O2 to the [bmim]HSO4 solution. Nevertheless, the oxone does not show the promising oxidant behavior in leaching using [bmim]HSO4.展开更多
The investigation of recovery Ga 3+ by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) using Tri alkyl oxide phosphine (TRPO) as the mobile carrier was reported. The optimum emulsion liquid membrane conditions were determinated....The investigation of recovery Ga 3+ by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) using Tri alkyl oxide phosphine (TRPO) as the mobile carrier was reported. The optimum emulsion liquid membrane conditions were determinated. They were: the feed pH 1.0, organic phase consisting of 5% TRPO, 4% LMS 2 and 2% liquid paraffin in kerosene solution, 10% K 4[Fe(CN) 6] aq. solution as the stripping agent, R oi =2∶1, R ew =1∶5. At the optimum ELM operating condition, the recovery rate of gallium was 96.5%, and the oil phase can be reused for 5 times.展开更多
The extraction of low concentration cadmium from a system containing high concentration zinc was studied and got CdS product directly. A new liquid membrane system taking DIPSA, TIBPS as carriers, (NH 4) 2S as preci...The extraction of low concentration cadmium from a system containing high concentration zinc was studied and got CdS product directly. A new liquid membrane system taking DIPSA, TIBPS as carriers, (NH 4) 2S as precipitating agent was reported. Precipitating Cd 2+ in the internal aq. phase that is used to treat sulfuric acid leaching solution of zinc oxide in zinc hydrometallurgy has gotten satisfied results of extracting cadmium from high concentration zinc. After one stage of batch process under the optimum liquid membrane conditions, 98.6% transferring rate and 98.1% extracting rate of cadmium was obtained with only less than 1.0% transferring rate of zinc, and the feed solution can be purified very well.展开更多
An optical sensing system was constructed to study the coating when joining ahtminium alloy to zinc-coated steel by MIG welding-brazing process. The results showed that the coating fused to form a liquid zinc film on ...An optical sensing system was constructed to study the coating when joining ahtminium alloy to zinc-coated steel by MIG welding-brazing process. The results showed that the coating fused to form a liquid zinc film on surface during process. The Al-Si filler metal reacted with the liquid zinc film to improve the spreadability of filler metal and thus a new method was established to join aluminium alloy and uncoated steel by depositing a mixed layer on steel surface.展开更多
文摘Two kinds of materials, soluble and insoluble in liquid zinc, such as Fe and FeB, are separately dealt with.A new theory is presented for insoluble materials. Based on the theory, the surface defects of insoluble materials are themain reason that the matcrials are correded.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50274005).
文摘The isothermal corrosion testing, microscopic examination and the performance of Fe3Si alloy as materials of construction for bath hardware in continuous hot-dipping lines were studied. The corrosion of Fe3Si alloy in molten zinc was controlled by attacking the grain boundaries preferentially. Aluminum reacted with iron of Fe3Si alloy firstly while the samples were immersed in molten zinc, although aluminum contents in the molten zinc were very low. The phase of reaction product was thought to be Fe2Al5. The corrosion rate of the Fe3Si alloy in molten zinc was determined to be approximately 2.9×10^-3 mm/h, therefore the liquid zinc corrosion resistance of Fe3Si alloy was very weak.
文摘Interfacial reactions between solid nickel and liquid zinc at 450-650 ℃ for 30-600 s were studied. The morphology and growth behavior of intermetallic compound layers at the interface between solid nickel and liquid zinc were observed and analyzed by SEM and EDS. The results show that γ and 8 phases are formed at 450 ℃ at the Ni/Zn interface, and at 550 ℃ and 650 ℃ only ）,phase is formed at the interthce and some δ phase particles will be participated during solidification on the surface of γphase layer. The β1 phase is absent under experimental conditions. Many cracks occur in the layers due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of these phases. It is found that the kinetics of the intermetallic compounds growth follows a parabolic law of time, as controlled by the diffusion mechanism. The apparent activation energies are 113.9 kJ/mol for the growth of γphase and 125.87 kJ/mol for γ1 phase, respectively.
文摘The dissolution behavior of solid nickel in static liquid zinc saturated with Fe at 723 K was studied. The results show that when immersing solid Ni in liquid Zn saturated with Fe, the intermetallic compound layers consisted of γ and δ phases are formed on nickel substrate, which is the same as that in liquid pure zinc. However, some Γ2 particles are formed in the liquid near the solid/liquid interface. These Γ2 particles can easily heterogeneously nucleate on ζ particles and grow fast. The dissolution process is governed by diffusion of nickel atom across a concentration boundary layer in liquid Zn saturated with Fe, and is different from a mixed control mechanism of nickel in liquid pure zinc. The participation of Γ2 particles makes the dissolution of solid Ni in the liquid accelerated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50871127)the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Project) (Grant No. 2011CB605500)
文摘The influence of pre-oxidation on the liquid zinc corrosion resistance of high Nb-TiAl alloys was investigated. The pre-oxidation was performed by heating the specimens, buried in silica powder and encapsulated in a silica tube under a vacuum of 1.3x10-5 Pa at 950℃ for 12 h. Experimental results showed that the preoxidized sample exhibited much higher liquid zinc corrosion resistance than that for the comparative samples. This excellent liquid zinc corrosion resistance was attributed to the formation of high-quality oxide scale during peroxidation. The corrosion of all the samples in liquid zinc was caused by a localized breakdown in the oxide scales. The continuous and dense oxide scale formed during preoxidation substantially may prevent the liquid zinc from diffusing to the substrate, and its good continuity may also reduce the possibility of localized breakdown in the oxide scale.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20336010)National Basic Research Programme of China(No.2003CB716008)
文摘Ionic liquids（ILs） are attracting much attention in various fields of chemical synthesis, electrochemical applications, liquid-liquid extractions, as well as biotransformations. Among those fields, the application of ILs as the potential green solvent for a wide variety of synthetic processes is an area of intense researches. High yield, high selectivity, and good catalytic charac-teristics have usually been achieved. After the isolation of products, ILs can usually be recovered and recycled many times by simple treating procedures, such as, filtration, extraction, and dryness.
文摘Brass ash from the industrial brass manufacturer in Turkey was leached using the solutions of ionic liquid （IL） 1-butyl-3-methyl-imi-dazolium hydrogen sulfate （[bmim]HSO4） at ambient pressure in the presence of hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） and potassium peroxymonosulfate （oxone） as the oxidants. Parameters affecting leaching efficiency, such as dissolution time, IL concentration, and oxidizing agent addition, were investigated. The results show that [bmim]HSO4 is an efficient IL for the brass ash leaching, providing the dissolution efficiencies of 99%for Zn and 24.82%for Cu at a concentration of 50vol%[bmim]HSO4 in the aqueous solution without any oxidant. However, more than 99%of zinc and 82%of copper are leached by the addition of 50vol%H2O2 to the [bmim]HSO4 solution. Nevertheless, the oxone does not show the promising oxidant behavior in leaching using [bmim]HSO4.
文摘The investigation of recovery Ga 3+ by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) using Tri alkyl oxide phosphine (TRPO) as the mobile carrier was reported. The optimum emulsion liquid membrane conditions were determinated. They were: the feed pH 1.0, organic phase consisting of 5% TRPO, 4% LMS 2 and 2% liquid paraffin in kerosene solution, 10% K 4[Fe(CN) 6] aq. solution as the stripping agent, R oi =2∶1, R ew =1∶5. At the optimum ELM operating condition, the recovery rate of gallium was 96.5%, and the oil phase can be reused for 5 times.
文摘The extraction of low concentration cadmium from a system containing high concentration zinc was studied and got CdS product directly. A new liquid membrane system taking DIPSA, TIBPS as carriers, (NH 4) 2S as precipitating agent was reported. Precipitating Cd 2+ in the internal aq. phase that is used to treat sulfuric acid leaching solution of zinc oxide in zinc hydrometallurgy has gotten satisfied results of extracting cadmium from high concentration zinc. After one stage of batch process under the optimum liquid membrane conditions, 98.6% transferring rate and 98.1% extracting rate of cadmium was obtained with only less than 1.0% transferring rate of zinc, and the feed solution can be purified very well.
基金Acknowledgements The research was sponsored by Project 50905045 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology.
文摘An optical sensing system was constructed to study the coating when joining ahtminium alloy to zinc-coated steel by MIG welding-brazing process. The results showed that the coating fused to form a liquid zinc film on surface during process. The Al-Si filler metal reacted with the liquid zinc film to improve the spreadability of filler metal and thus a new method was established to join aluminium alloy and uncoated steel by depositing a mixed layer on steel surface.
