Perennial forage plants are efficient utilizers of solar radiation and nutrients so that there is a lot of scope to increase the production of green biomass in many areas.Currently,grasses are mainly used as feeds for...Perennial forage plants are efficient utilizers of solar radiation and nutrients so that there is a lot of scope to increase the production of green biomass in many areas.Currently,grasses are mainly used as feeds for ruminants and equines,but there could be higher added value use for several components of the green biomass.Interest in green biorefin-ing has risen recently motivated by the increased sustainability pressures and need to break the reliance on fossil fuels.Novel products derived from grass,such as paper and packaging,nanofibers,animal bedding,novel protein feeds,extracted proteins,biochemicals,nutraceuticals,bioactive compounds,biogas and biochar could create new sustainable business opportunities in rural areas.Most green biorefinery concepts focus on using fresh green biomass as the feedstock,but preservation of it by ensiling would provide several benefits such as all-year-around avail-ability of the feedstock and increased stability of the press juice and press cake.The major difference between fresh and ensiled grass is the conversion of water soluble carbohydrates into fermentation end products,mainly lactic and acetic acids,that lower the pH of the silage so that it becomes stable in anaerobic conditions.This has some important consequences on the processability and quality of products,which are partly positive and partly negative,e.g.,degradation of protein into peptides,amino acids and ammonia.These aspects are discussed in this review.展开更多
This prospective study was carried out to assess the sensitivity and resistance pattern of lactose non-fermenting Escherichia coli from July 2018 to December 2018 in the Laboratory of Microbiology at Luanda Medical Ce...This prospective study was carried out to assess the sensitivity and resistance pattern of lactose non-fermenting Escherichia coli from July 2018 to December 2018 in the Laboratory of Microbiology at Luanda Medical Center, Angola. Out of 1170 patient, a total of 120 urine specimens infected with Escherichia coli (>105 CFU/ml) were collected according to the routine protocol of urinalysis. Among these 120 isolates, 25 (21%) isolates were determined as “atypical”, lactose non-fermenting E. colis trains. The twenty-five lactose non-fermenting Escherichia coli strains isolated from urine samples in Luanda Medical Center were declared as Multiple Drugs-Resistant strains with high resistance to Cefalexine (100%), Cefuroxime (100%), Ceftriaxone (92%), Gentamycin (92%), Ciprofloxacin (72%) and Amoxiciclin/Clavulanic (80%). The alarming resistance level to the first-choice drugs for the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by non-fermentative lactose E. coli was observed.展开更多
目的:分析重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)下呼吸道感染中非发酵菌的菌群分布、耐药以及金属酶情况,为临床抗菌药物的合理使用提供指导。方法:选取深圳市龙岗中心医院于2016年1月-2017年12月收治的100例下呼吸道感染患者为研究对...目的:分析重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)下呼吸道感染中非发酵菌的菌群分布、耐药以及金属酶情况,为临床抗菌药物的合理使用提供指导。方法:选取深圳市龙岗中心医院于2016年1月-2017年12月收治的100例下呼吸道感染患者为研究对象,根据患者送检标本的检出结果对非发酵菌的病原菌群分布、耐药性和金属酶进行分析。结果:100例ICU下呼吸道感染患者中,非发酵菌感染比例最高的为鲍曼不动杆菌47株(47.0%),其次是铜绿假单胞菌29株(29.0%),嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌9株(9.0%),其他非发酵菌15株(15.0%)。鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、亚胺培南、氨曲南耐药率均在80.0%以上。铜绿假单胞菌耐药性发生率相对较低,其中对头孢吡肟、左氧氟沙星的耐药率均在50.0%以上。嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对复方新诺明、左氧氟沙星的耐药率均在20.0%以下。29株铜绿假单胞菌中共筛检出3株(10.3%)金属酶阳性株。结论:下呼吸道感染非发酵菌以鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌较为常见,对不同抗菌药物具有较高耐药性,临床上应针对性地加强对各种病原菌的监控,指导抗菌药物的合理使用,避免或者减少耐药现象的发生。展开更多
基金the funding from project GrassProtein received from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland/Makera (VN/7679/2021)
文摘Perennial forage plants are efficient utilizers of solar radiation and nutrients so that there is a lot of scope to increase the production of green biomass in many areas.Currently,grasses are mainly used as feeds for ruminants and equines,but there could be higher added value use for several components of the green biomass.Interest in green biorefin-ing has risen recently motivated by the increased sustainability pressures and need to break the reliance on fossil fuels.Novel products derived from grass,such as paper and packaging,nanofibers,animal bedding,novel protein feeds,extracted proteins,biochemicals,nutraceuticals,bioactive compounds,biogas and biochar could create new sustainable business opportunities in rural areas.Most green biorefinery concepts focus on using fresh green biomass as the feedstock,but preservation of it by ensiling would provide several benefits such as all-year-around avail-ability of the feedstock and increased stability of the press juice and press cake.The major difference between fresh and ensiled grass is the conversion of water soluble carbohydrates into fermentation end products,mainly lactic and acetic acids,that lower the pH of the silage so that it becomes stable in anaerobic conditions.This has some important consequences on the processability and quality of products,which are partly positive and partly negative,e.g.,degradation of protein into peptides,amino acids and ammonia.These aspects are discussed in this review.
文摘This prospective study was carried out to assess the sensitivity and resistance pattern of lactose non-fermenting Escherichia coli from July 2018 to December 2018 in the Laboratory of Microbiology at Luanda Medical Center, Angola. Out of 1170 patient, a total of 120 urine specimens infected with Escherichia coli (>105 CFU/ml) were collected according to the routine protocol of urinalysis. Among these 120 isolates, 25 (21%) isolates were determined as “atypical”, lactose non-fermenting E. colis trains. The twenty-five lactose non-fermenting Escherichia coli strains isolated from urine samples in Luanda Medical Center were declared as Multiple Drugs-Resistant strains with high resistance to Cefalexine (100%), Cefuroxime (100%), Ceftriaxone (92%), Gentamycin (92%), Ciprofloxacin (72%) and Amoxiciclin/Clavulanic (80%). The alarming resistance level to the first-choice drugs for the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by non-fermentative lactose E. coli was observed.
文摘目的:分析重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)下呼吸道感染中非发酵菌的菌群分布、耐药以及金属酶情况,为临床抗菌药物的合理使用提供指导。方法:选取深圳市龙岗中心医院于2016年1月-2017年12月收治的100例下呼吸道感染患者为研究对象,根据患者送检标本的检出结果对非发酵菌的病原菌群分布、耐药性和金属酶进行分析。结果:100例ICU下呼吸道感染患者中,非发酵菌感染比例最高的为鲍曼不动杆菌47株(47.0%),其次是铜绿假单胞菌29株(29.0%),嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌9株(9.0%),其他非发酵菌15株(15.0%)。鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、亚胺培南、氨曲南耐药率均在80.0%以上。铜绿假单胞菌耐药性发生率相对较低,其中对头孢吡肟、左氧氟沙星的耐药率均在50.0%以上。嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对复方新诺明、左氧氟沙星的耐药率均在20.0%以下。29株铜绿假单胞菌中共筛检出3株(10.3%)金属酶阳性株。结论:下呼吸道感染非发酵菌以鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌较为常见,对不同抗菌药物具有较高耐药性,临床上应针对性地加强对各种病原菌的监控,指导抗菌药物的合理使用,避免或者减少耐药现象的发生。
