Literal Translation plus Explanation in Translating Political Words

Political words are closely related to the current situations and affairs of China, which is often dependent on China's culture and history. Therefore it is not uncommon that there are some words with background knowledge known to the source language readers, but unknown to the target language readers. Literal translation plus explanation is particularly useful in translating these words with particular background and cultural connotations.

Literal or Free Translation in English-Chinese Film Translation-A Case Study of Pride and Prejudice

As a method of bridging language and culture, translation has played a significant part in connecting the ideas of people all over the world and accelerating the communication in politics, economy, culture, education, science and technology. China has increased cultural exchanges with many other countries, and a great number of foreign films have flooded into our country. Thus, how to appropriately translate the foreign films becomes an urgent issue. In the process of translating English films to Chinese ones, the translator should use a method to attend to the content of the movie itself, especially recreational artistic features, as well as tremendous differences between English language and Chinese language culture. This paper attempts to compare the different film versions of Pride and Prejudice (edition 1995), and analyzes the examples of literal translation and free translation in order to reveal the difficulty of which translation method to choose in film translation. Thus, based on the comparison, we could get a tentative result that which kind of film version is more accepted by most audiences so that we can provide the film translators some new train of thought.

The Importance of Literal Translation in Transmitting Culture

The paper studies the importance of literal translation in transmitting culture. At first, this paper has a brief discussion of translation and culture, exploring the origin, development and function of translation and the relationship among culture, language and translation. This includes an analysis of the cultural elements that cause differences in cultural images, including history, custom and religion. At lasu, the paper explores the reasons why literal translation is important in transmitting culture.

Comments on Nigel Wiseman s A Practical Dictionary of Chinese Medicine(Ⅰ)——On the“Word-for-word”Literal Approach to Translation

Comments were made on the ＂word-for-word＂ literal translation method used by Mr. Nigel Wiseman in A Practical Dictionary of Chinese Medicine. He believes that only literal translation can reflect Chinese medical concepts accurately. The so-called ＂word-for-word＂ translation is actually ＂English-word-for- Chinese-character＂ translation. First, the authors of the dictionary made a list of Single Characters with English Equivalents, and then they gave each character of the medical term an English equivalent according to the list. Finally, they made some minor modifications to make the rendering grammatically smoother. Many English terms thus produced are confusing. The defect of the word-for-word literal translation stems from the erroneous idea that a single character constitutes the basic element of meaning corresponding to the notion of ＂word＂ in English, and the meaning of a disyllabic or polysyllabic Chinese word is the simple addition of the constituent characters. Another big mistake is the negligence of the polysemy of Chinese characters. One or two English equivalents can by no means cover all the various meanings of a single character which is a polysemous monosyllabic word. Various examples were cited from this dictionary to illustrate the mistakes.

The History of the Former Han Dynasty:A Critical Translation with Annotations Translated by Homer Hasenpflug Dubs

Translation is an important medium of cultural communication.It is not a mere transfer of two languages,but the interaction of two cultures.Cultural misreading,which results from cultural discrepancy and translator’s subjectivity,truly reflects where the blockade and conflict in the cultural communication is.Cultural misreading is an objective phenomenon that exists in the entire process of translation.This paper intends to make a comprehensive analysis and discussion on The History of the Former Han Dynasty:a Critical Translation with Annotations translated by Homer Hasenpflug Dubs.As for the reasons of cultural misreading,this paper divides them into three types—language,thinking habit,traditional culture.It is to be hoped that this paper will draw more attention from the translation circle to the phenomena,and make contribution to the development of literary translation.

A Study on Annotations Under the Theory of Paratext in Translation

This paper mainly studies the basic types of annotation and the analysis of its effective functional usage,so as to pay more attention to annotation in the translation of poetry and Fu.The annotation of this study belongs to the category of paratext.Annotation is attributed to the paratext,undertakes its special function,enriches and perfects the paratext system.

On Annotation in Subtitle Translation Under Relevance Translation Theory——A Case Study of The Big Bang Theory Season One to Four

Annotations in the subtitle translation of The Big Bang Theory season one to four can be categorized into cultural and linguistic phenomena.Guided by relevance translation theory,translation should achieve the biggest contextual effects with the least processing efforts by audience.It is argued that annotations intensify contextual effects by providing information and characterization.Nevertheless,it is uncertain whether these annotations reduce the audience’s efforts to comprehend.

The Application of Literal Translation with the Annotation in Translation of Idioms

Idioms contain most of the rich cultural background and cultural identity,especially those formed by the historical allusions idioms and phrases.English and Chinese idioms are closely related to culture and convey different cultural features and messages of their own nation,reflecting their own rich culture.Translator should try their best to translate these differences in idiom translation.

On Peter Newmark's View of Literal Translation

This paper is based on Peter Newmark's view of literal translation as the basic translation method. The author expands it by discussing three situations in which literal translation can be applied as the best translation method, including one provided by Peter Newmark, as well as its advantages over other translation methods.

A Dialectical Way between Literal and Free Translation:Taking the Translation of English Similes as an Exemplar

Simile,as an important figure of speech,is widely used in various texts.And it has its own feature and different subtypes,which require that the translation methods-literal translation and free translation should be adopted dialectically in accordance with the content or form of the similes.Actually,free translation based on literal translation is much better even though adding some extensions or footnotes is employed,too.

Literal and Free Translation of Chinese-English Brand Names

The present paper is intended to describe the two normal methods—free and literal translation used in translating brand names; in the meantime, some common mistakes are discussed in the process of translation. As to the free and literal translation, the paper discusses some common approaches, or techniques used in the process, which affect the effects of the brand names a lot and have direct influence on the results of the target brand names. In view of the common mistakes, the paper points out some customs, habits, religious beliefs, living environment and cultural factors, which may lead to failures in translating brand names.

On the Translation of Chinese Four-Character Idioms in Selected Modern Chinese Essays 1

Chinese idioms are vivid and meaningful,which are the essence of national language.However,due to the great differences between Chinese and western cultures,the translation of Chinese idioms is an extremely complex task.In view of the importance and complexity of its translation,with the translation of Chinese four-character idioms in Selected Modern Chinese Essays 1 as its theme,the paper aims to investigate the application of different translation methods in C-E translation,and adopts Yan Fu’s theory of“faithfulness,expressiveness,and elegance”to judge the translation effects.Through a summary and study of the form and translation effect of idioms,the paper finds that literal translation is often used for straightforward idioms,while free translation is often used for idioms with an extended meaning,and context should be considered when selecting translation methods.

Literal Translation and Free Translation

How to use literal translation and free translation in words and expressions, idiom-s ,sentences ,rhetoric ,news reports and literary works.

Numerals Between English and Chinese and Strategies for Translation on Numerals

This dissertation describes four types of different usages of numerals between English and Chinese and three strategies for translation on numerals, namely, literal translation, free translation and explanatory translation.

Blended Literal Communication in Translation

There is a natural tension between Literal and Communication translation methods and has been going on now for two millenniums. We must be faithful to the original meaning of the source language (SL) and accurate in our translation but flexible enough to communicate naturally to the target language (TL) readers. While it may seem hopeless to truly communicate with all languages and cultures, with the growing global economy and the more interdependent we become, it is even more important that we continue to try to blend our thoughts and hearts together. So with foolish confidence and wise trepidation, this paper will wade into the age long discussion on the practice of translation and teaching, attempting to reconcile the theories of literal or semantic and free or communication translation theories.

The Application of Literal Translation in Movie English——A Case Study of Downton Abbey

In recent years, a large number of overseas TV dramas appear in domestic screens. Downton Abbey, as the most popular English drama in the recent ten years, manifests the numerous aspects of the world of English upper nobles and their servants under the severe hierarchy. It is praised by the whole world. This thesis attempts to analyze the application of literal translation in Downton Abbey from the aspect of formal equivalence and meaning equivalence so as to explore the suitability and effectiveness of literal translation and find out if a literal translation can be applied to the English film's translation. The thesis first reviews the research status of movie English and points out the significance of learning it from the side of literal translation.And it gives literary translation and general introduction to key concepts that can be used in later analysis. Then, it analyzes the application of literal translation in subtitle translation of Downton Abbey from formal equivalence and meaning equivalence in order to find out the usability and validity of literal translation in movie English. Finally, it sums up the findings and limitations of the thesis.

On the English Translation of Chinese Internet Catchwords from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory

Due to the long history of China,the special features of the Chinese Internet catchwords and the few translations of the Chinese Internet catchwords at home and abroad,it is very hard for the foreigners to comprehend the Chinese Internet catchwords.Functional Equivalence Theory is put forward by an American translation theorist,Eugene A.Nida,which casts great influence on the translation circle.This paper applies the literal translation and the free translation to translate the Chinese Internet catchwords in the light of functional equivalence theory.

Brief Discussion on Translation Strategies of EST Words

The 21 stcentury is an era of information technology, and the languages of transmitting information are developing as well. In the past 50 years, a large number of new meanings of new words have been emerged in English learning. This phenomenon is particularly shown in EST words. As to the translation of EST words, it is becoming more and more important, and a clear and effective method is required to the translation of EST words. From the angle of English Lexicology,this paper first gives a detailed introduction of the sources, the word formations and features of EST words. Then the translation strategies of the Literal and the Free Translation, in EST words translation. Because there exists various of limitations, a more perfect translation is needed to be discussed.

Literal Translation and Free Translation

There are many kinds of ways and skills about translation, especially literal translation, free translation.

The Comparison between English Words and Chinese Ones in Translation

This paper compares English words and Chinese words in translation.It shows the phenomenon of non-equivalence occurs in English and Chinese and discusses the translating means.