A Comparative Study of Artificial Intelligence and Translation Software in Chinese-English Translation:A Focus on Literary and Technical Texts

In recent years,the domain of machine translation has experienced remarkable growth,particularly with the emergence of neural machine translation,which has significantly enhanced both the accuracy and fluency of translation.At the same time,AI also showed its tremendous advancement,with its capabilities now extending to assisting users in a multitude of tasks,including translation,garnering attention across various sectors.In this paper,the author selects representative sentences from both literary and scientific texts,and translates them using two translation software and two AI tools for comparison.The results show that all four translation tools are very efficient and can help with simple translation tasks.However,the accuracy of terminology needs to be improved,and it is difficult to make adjustments based on the characteristics of the target language.It is worth mentioning that one of the advantages of AI is its interactivity,which allows it to modify the translation according to the translator’s needs.

Research on the Classification of Western Literary Criticism Under M. H. Abrams’Fourfold Model

This study explores the application of Abrams’Fourfold Model in the classification of Western literary criticism.Abrams’framework categorizes literary criticism into four fundamental elements:text,author,world,and audience.The text is viewed as an independent entity with intrinsic artistic value,necessitating a detailed analysis of its structure,style,themes,and symbols.Author study delves into the creator’s life and socio-cultural context,often to uncover the work’s deeper meanings.Contextual study situates the work within its historical and social milieu,examining its reflection of or response to societal norms and events.Audience response analysis considers the diverse interpretations shaped by readers’backgrounds,emphasizing the reader’s role in constructing the work’s meaning.The study concludes that Abrams’Fourfold Model offers a comprehensive and flexible analytical tool,enabling critics to engage with literary works from multiple perspectives,thereby enriching the understanding of literary complexity and diversity.

Innovative Teaching Research on Literary Theory and Criticism

As a core compulsory course for English majors majoring in teacher education,Literary Theory and Criticism plays an important role in enhancing text understanding,cultivating critical thinking,and shaping correct values in the future development of students.Influenced by traditional teaching ideas,students have many difficulties when learning this course,such as insufficient theoretical understanding,inadequate ability improvement,and not enough investment in course learning.In response to the above issues,this course focuses closely on the fundamental task of“cultivating virtue and nurturing people”,relying on modern information technology and introducing research methods of digital humanities.This course uses“7C”teaching mode under the“three-level integration”,in which“teaching”and“education”are carried out synchronously,and“teacher”and“student”are developed together,in order to greatly enhance students’learning participation and course satisfaction.

Literary Reading Intervention Strategies for Adolescents with Depression

Teenagers are in the special stage of physical and mental development,and their psychological problems show complex and diverse characteristics.Depression is the most common mental disorder among teenagers.Literary reading has a certain intervention effect on depression and can be used as an important strategy for psychological intervention.Reading literature works can help teenagers understand and discover themselves from different angles,and then realize the self-recognition and intervention of depression.This paper mainly discusses the causes of depression in teenagers and the intervention principles and strategies of literary reading on depression,aiming to alleviate and eliminate the depressive symptoms of teenagers through literary reading and promote their physical and mental health development.

Discussion on the Purposes of Literary Education in Contemporary China

The purposes of education,both immediate and in the future,are an issue to be pondered.A number of scholars have responded that education has different aims,including the cultivation of citizenship,a flourishing life,and powerful knowledge.This paper aims to explore whether these different general goals accurately fit literary education and attest to them in the form of questions.Under each section,the paper begins by outlining the theoretical analysis and proceeds to present the author’s judgment and reflections based on experiences related to the context of contemporary China.

On Ethical Literary Criticism and Game Theory--An Interview with Professor Nie Zhenzhao

In 2014,Huang Kaihong,a professor at School of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Southwest University of Science and Technology,interviewed the Doctoral advisor Professor Nie Zhenzhao during the period of his academic visiting to Central China Normal University.As early as in 2005,Huang Kaihong conducted an interview with Professor Nie Zhenzhao on the topic of the general introduction of ethical literary criticism.So around 11 years later,the second interview mainly covers not only the ethical literary criticism theory,but the game theory and the relationship between them as well.Professor Nie thinks whether the game theory can be applied to literature research is still under discussion.The theory of ethical literary criticism is a kind of methodology based on science and it can get the attention of literary critics at home and abroad,which is because it fits the practical needs of literary criticism,draws the literary criticism away from only emphasizing criticism genres and the research of criticism terms,and pays attention to the true nature of the literary text in literature research.After consulting Professor Nie Zhenzhao about some related questions from the perspective of game theory.Huang Kaihong gets some significant information concerning literature research and understands the latest core terms and the concrete application method of ethical literary criticism,especially the relationship between the instructing and aesthetic functions of literature.

A Study on Extracurricular Literary Classics Reading in High School English Based on Core Literacy

Reading teaching is the core content of high school English teaching,and extracurricular literary classics reading is a supplement to in-class reading,which can deepen students’understanding and memorization of English-related knowledge,and cultivate students’core literacy.This paper outlines the problems in high school English reading teaching,analyzes the significance of extracurricular literary classics reading in high school English,and explores the teaching strategies of extracurricular literary classics reading in high school English based on core literacy,with a view to providing valuable reference information for teachers.

On the Aesthetic Wonder and Unity at the Peak of Literary Theory in the Six Dynasties Key

The study found that the classics born during the turbulent Six Dynasties period,starting from Cao Pi’s“The Classics”to“Wen Fu”,“Wen Xin Diao Long”,“Shipin”and other classics,can all be analyzed to have a common origin.Attributes,that is,the philosophical strategy of dualistic isomorphism of explicit and implicit,is also a pattern;it can be proven that this is the philosophical key to interpreting and studying the classics of the Six Dynasties.It not only governs many aesthetic principles and aesthetic methods,but also emphasizes the need to transcend the appearance of current existence,transcend the current utilitarianism,and pay attention to the hidden and non-existent,just like paying attention to dark matter and antimatter in the universe.Pay attention to the origin of Shipin and expand aesthetic horizons;this philosophical secret not only exists in the classics of the Six Dynasties,it has its unity,graphics and vitality,as well as its historical inheritance and continuous operation.Its trajectory marks the context of literary theory and aesthetics;the modern construction of contemporary literary theory must be based on its operating trends.Only by transcending all utilitarianism can we better demonstrate the natural characteristics of Chinese tradition such as nationality.Otherwise,literary theory,aesthetics,and philosophy will not be self-consistent.

Literature and Time:On Jiao Xun’s Concept of Literary Transformation

Jiao Xun’s concept of the succession of literary genres according to each generation’s strengths clearly establishes the interrelationship between historical time and literary genres.Jiao Xun’s idea of the transformation of literary styles differs from the prevailing notion at that time,which advocated prioritizing poetry and prose that conveyed aspirations and ideals while considering other literary genres such as ci(a form of lyric poetry),qu(drama),and novels as inferior.Instead,Jiao Xun advocated using the“nature”and“events”of objects as criteria and awakened a more traditional“poetic teaching tradition”characterized by metaphorical expression and emotional resonance,which aligned with the concept of literature conveying aspirations and ideals.This enabled the standard of“nature”to transcend the boundaries of literary genres,establishing new criteria for the hierarchy of genres and encapsulating Jiao Xun’s intention to summon emerging literary genres that were in harmony with the“present”.

International Politics of Western Literary Theory:Literary Theory as Doctrine and as Discipline

European literary criticism was rapidly transformed into literary theory through the United States after Rene Wellek and Austin Warren’s textbook Theory of Literary Theory by Harcourt,Brace and Co.(1949).Within a short period of time,American new criticism,European psychoanalysis,semiotics,structuralism,hermeneutics,deconstructivism,and so on,as well as the western Marxism,feminism,new historicism,post-colonial criticism,and cultural studies,all the critical methods little referenced to postwar Western ideology and Soviet Ideology,and are even known for their profound criticism of some problems in capitalist society.These intuitively scientific or neutral literary theories flourished during the Cold War years that contained the Soviet Union.During this period,“political correctness”not only influenced the direction of social development in the West,but also directly influenced the academic pattern and the development trend of universities at that time,so that“literary criticism”,which was originally only based on personal experience,benefited and became“literary theory”in the discipline and curriculum system.As a result,the discipline of literary theory,which benefited from the Cold War pattern,is often in conflict with the specific literary theory that transcends ideology.However,the Cold War ended with the failure of the Soviet Union and its socialist realism theory system,and the western literary theory unexpectedly gained full legitimacy like Fukuyama’s“the end of history”.In the post-Cold War era,Western literary critics reasonably expanded the controversial theories and this has become the most concerned topic for 30 years.Thus,the international politics of the disguised Western literary theory was highlighted.Such Western literary theory has been generalized in China in the last 40 years,because Chinese academic yet has not understood the difference between theory as discipline and theory as doctrine,even anti-western in recent years.

On the Ethical Dimensions of Literary Criticism in the Realm of We Media

In the realm of We Media,literary criticism is not completely free and unrestricted during its continuous production process;instead,it should adhere to certain ethical norms.The ethical dimensions of literary criticism in We Media focus on fostering a fair relationship between criticism activities and text,society,and the audience in order to facilitate healthy and orderly criticism that yields positive outcomes.The ethics of literary criticism in We Media can be categorized into aesthetic ethics,cultural ethics,political ethics,and media ethics within its internal structure,all of which ultimately converge into the realm of art production ethics.It is important to embrace a consciousness of intersubjectivity and adopt a cognitive approach of situationism in order to avoid blind restrictions and misjudgments in order to foster a positive and healthy ecosystem for literary criticism in We Media.Additionally,it is crucial to adhere to bottom-line thinking and emphasize responsibility,taste,and discipline while regulating the field of criticism,the audience,and critical text.

A Literary Darwinist Interpretation of Jane and Hogo’s Romantic Relationship in Snow White

In Snow White,Donald Barthelme subversively rewrites the Grimm’s fairy tale“Snow White”with a postmodern sense.One significant adaptation is the parody of the wicked stepmother-figure into Jane-a semi-witch who bemoans the passing of her youth and tries to keep the love of the opposite sex desperately.Jane as the female antagonist with her caddish lover Hogo forms a romantic relationship which constructs a main conflict in the novel,and their romance works like a distorting mirror,dramatically reflecting the states of American in the 1960s.This paper is intended to interpret Jane and Hogo’s romantic relationship by profiling Jane and Hogo in romance,analyzing the conflicts between their mating strategies and Jane’s consequent sexual jealousy from the perspective of Literary Darwinism.Through the analysis,the carnalism,individualism,and the unbroken gender shackle depicted in the novel are revealed and criticized,facilitating the understanding of human nature and Barthelme’s attitude towards the postmodern world.

Reading of The Guiltless from the Perspective of Ethical Literary Criticism

The Guiltless is Hermann Broch’s last novel,and it is also a work that embodies Broch’s literary and artistic view.The novel takes place in a period of social and historical change,and the conflict between the old and the new ethical relations leads to the confusion of the ethical relations,which causes the relationship between the characters to become distorted.This paper tries to analyze the relationship between Baroness W and her family from the perspective of Ethical Literary Criticism in aspects of ethical environment,ethical selection and ethical identity.It reveals that in the period of social and historical change,in the environment of social ethics disorder,the distorted ethical selection of characters and the loss of ethical identity.Hermann Broch attempts to arouse readers’ethical reflection by depicting such an era and such characters.

Scottish Literary Heritage and National Identity:A Case Study of Boswell’s The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides

For a long time,the history of“Scottish Literature”has been overshadowed by the concept of“British literature”,and thus Scottish literary heritage has been seen as“regional characteristics”.The Act of Union 1707 led to a growing concern for Scottish national identity.In The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides,the famous Scottish-born biographer James Boswell chose to take advantage of Scottish literary heritage as a point of penetration to express his own Scottish national identity with Scotland in literature and Scottish literature.

文明互鉴:中国自主知识体系建构的重要意识

自晚清民初西方学术传入中国以来,基于西方话语体系和学术体系建构的文科知识体系近乎主导了中国文科百年以来的构建进程。在这百余年间,如何重塑中国哲学社会科学的知识体系,重建中国理论话语一直都是世纪之题,是一代又一代中国学人孜孜以求力图解决的目标,而“建构中国自主知识体系”命题的提出引发了又一轮激烈的研讨。文章指出中国自主知识体系的建构不仅要立足中国实际、中国经验,更需要将中国文化放置于“文明互鉴”的视野下审视西方经验、西方实践以及西方理论。通过史实的梳证可知,包括“浪漫主义”“意象派”“新批评”“生态伦理批评”等诸多英美文论的形成明显汲取了来自中国文化哲学的元素。以此延展,文章提出了中外文论互鉴史研究、文论他国化变异研究、比较诗学变异研究等以中国为视角、以中国理论为建构方法的新领域,提出属于自身的标志性概念、创新性问题。做到知识自主,更要做到阐释自主,才能解决话语问题,解决人文社会科学“说不出”“不想说”“不敢说”的“卡嗓子”难题。

中国共产党的文艺制度与文化领导权建构

文艺制度是中国共产党建构文化领导权的重要途径之一。党的文艺制度是马克思主义文艺理论中国化、时代化的重要成果,其建构经历了从“以苏为师”到自主探索的发展过程。中国共产党在革命、建设、改革开放与中国特色社会主义新时代的不同阶段,基于文化领导权建构的需要,探索并建立了会议制度、组织制度、生产制度等一系列文艺制度。文艺会议制度确立了党对文艺工作的意识形态引领的基本原则与方向,文艺组织制度确保了党对文艺工作者的团结与动员,增强了文艺界的向心力,文艺生产制度则推动了党领导下的社会主义核心价值观的培育与弘扬。一百年来,中国共产党根据不同阶段对文艺性质的不同认识和文艺功能的不同定位,与时俱进地调整对文艺工作的领导方式与管理方法,不断推进文艺治理能力和治理体系的现代化。通过一系列文艺制度建设,党逐步确立和巩固了文化领导权,丰富和发展了中国马克思主义文艺理论,并完善和深化了中国特色社会主义制度体系。

司各特小说中的“杀婴罪”与法律叙事

无论是在人类历史上还是在文学作品中,杀婴罪都是一个古老而严肃的话题。在司各特的长篇小说《密得洛西恩监狱》中,杀婴罪不仅是构成作品的情节基础,而且也是作者批判“艾菲冤案”中司法不公的关键所在。本文以文学法律批评为切入点,对《密得洛西恩监狱》中的杀婴罪进行审视。首先探究西方文学书写中杀婴罪的成因和司各特作品中艾菲冤案的形成,随后从杀婴罪判决过程中不同阶层成员的法律伦理的缺失与坚守,以及世俗法律与宗教律法的冲突等方面的法律叙事入手,探究这部长篇小说中杀婴罪冤案的实质特性以及对于司法公正的警示意义。

中华民族共同体的文学诠释——基于《剽牛立碑》对民族团结誓词碑的书写

《剽牛立碑》是一部围绕普洱“民族团结誓词碑”历史故事为脚本进行创作的文学作品。作品以历史为题,显示出了积淀极强的文化辐射力和民族生命力,运用巧妙的书写技巧,动态地展现了普洱“民族团结誓词碑”中所蕴含的民族精神之意蕴,是历史事实与现实书写的双重呈现,是基于普洱“民族团结誓词碑”物理意义之上的民族精神的外化与传承,更是从文学的角度对中华民族共同体的生动诠释。

优化:人工智能时代的文论问题

日常用语中的“优化”指采取一定措施使事物变得优异。作为计算科学和运筹学中的重要内容,优化是指在一定限制条件下,选取某种方案以获得“最优化”的目标。将优化引入文论,可以与美化相关联,彼此之间有同有异。生成式AI中,优化有模型训练、创意提示、调试迭代三种方式。文艺作品之所以能够被优化,与其作为物质基础的艺术媒介及其作品的“可修正性”有关。在优化的技术演进中,先后经历了手工加工时代的优化、机械复制时代的优化、数字创生时代的优化三个阶段。手工加工时代出现了诸如对“手稿”的“润色、修改”,对“乐器”的“调音”,对“原作”的“临摹、誊写甚至重写”,对“文物、遗迹”的“修复”等不同的“类优化”类型;机械复制时代出现了“参数优化”“剪辑优化”“表演优化”等类型;数字创生时代出现了以算法优化为核心的智能优化。将优化引入文论,需要警惕“最优化”的结果不是“奇异性”,而是“普通性”的算法悖论、数据和变量中的偏差不易被纠偏;相反,易强化成偏见的偏差悖论以及随机并不意味着不同,而只是相似,是风格的重复的生成悖论。

在精神会通处找寻建构路径——“第二个结合”与中国自主文艺批评话语体系建构初论

建构中国自主的文艺批评话语体系,需要坚持“两个结合”,尤其是马克思主义经典文艺思想与中国传统文艺批评话语的深度结合。二者的高度契合及融通,主要不在于概念、范畴、命题等的相近或相同,而在于它们都将真善美的价值追求作为文艺批评的基本出发点,不仅有着共同的理论问题域或话题关注点,而且在文艺性质与功能、文艺批评标准与原则、人物形象塑造等核心问题的观念主张方面具有内在一致性或精神相通性。