Acoustic multipolar local effects of metamaterial with annular columnar structures

Research of the acoustic local effect of metamaterial is widely used in the fields of environmental science,military industry and biomedicine.In this paper,the metamaterial is designed by annular columnar structures.The acoustic local effect in slender columnar structure with two layers of rings in air is investigated.Results prove that when the plane acoustic wave is incident into the model,complex interference and diffraction occur.And at different frequencies,multipolar acoustic local effect existes and cycle distribution phenomenon is observed.It is noteworthy that this phenomenon has very weak relatedness with the materials and acoustic parameters of the model.The research of this metamaterial design in this paper has definite reference significance in the acoustic communication and amplification of the acoustic signal detection.

TRAVELLING WAVEFRONTS IN DELAYED COOPERATIVE AND DIFFUSIVE SYSTEMS WITH NON-LOCAL EFFECTS

In this paper, traveling wavefront solutions are established for two cooperative systems with time delay and non-local effects. The results are an extension of the existing results for delayed logistic scale equations and diffusive Nicholson equations with non-local effects to systems. The approach used is the upper-lower solution technique and Schauder fixed point Theorem developed by Ma（J Differential Equations,2001,171：294-314. ）.

Studying the co-evolution of information diffusion,vaccination behavior and disease transmission in multilayer networks with local and global effects

Today,with the rapid development of the internet,a large amount of information often accompanies the rapid transmission of disease outbreaks,and increasing numbers of scholars are studying the relationship between information and the disease transmission process using complex networks.In fact,the disease transmission process is very complex.Besides this information,there will often be individual behavioral measures and other factors to consider.Most of the previous research has aimed to establish a two-layer network model to consider the impact of information on the transmission process of disease,rarely divided into information and behavior,respectively.To carry out a more in-depth analysis of the disease transmission process and the intrinsic influencing mechanism,this paper divides information and behavior into two layers and proposes the establishment of a complex network to study the dynamic co-evolution of information diffusion,vaccination behavior,and disease transmission.This is achieved by considering four influential relationships between adjacent layers in multilayer networks.In the information layer,the diffusion process of negative information is described,and the feedback effects of local and global vaccination are considered.In the behavioral layer,an individual's vaccination behavior is described,and the probability of an individual receiving a vaccination is influenced by two factors:the influence of negative information,and the influence of local and global disease severity.In the disease layer,individual susceptibility is considered to be influenced by vaccination behavior.The state transition equations are derived using the micro Markov chain approach(MMCA),and disease prevalence thresholds are obtained.It is demonstrated through simulation experiments that the negative information diffusion is less influenced by local vaccination behavior,and is mainly influenced by global vaccination behavior;vaccination behavior is mainly influenced by local disease conditions,and is less influenced by global disease conditions;the disease transmission threshold increases with the increasing vaccination rate;and the scale of disease transmission increases with the increasing negative information diffusion rate and decreases with the increasing vaccination rate.Finally,it is found that when individual vaccination behavior considers both the influence of negative information and disease,it can increase the disease transmission threshold and reduce the scale of disease transmission.Therefore,we should resist the diffusion of negative information,increase vaccination proportions,and take appropriate protective measures in time.

Atlantic blocking events in a simplified nonlinear baroclinic model for local finite-amplitude wave activity

为研究北大西洋阻高的形成机制,本文在局部有限振幅波活动(LWA)框架下进行了一系列数值实验.采用的数值模型能显式地描绘出两种重要的大气内部动力过程,即非线性纬向位涡通量和Rossby波包传播.模拟结果显示,这两种动力学过程均是形成大西洋阻高的重要机理.具体地,非线性纬向位涡通量和Rossby波包传播,分别是大西洋阻高南部和北部LWA形成的主导因子.因此,本研究综合了前人关于大西洋阻高的研究成果,为其形成机理提供了新的认识.

TRAVELING WAVES IN A BIOLOGICAL REACTION-DIFFUSION MODEL WITH STRONG GENERIC DELAY KERNEL AND NON-LOCAL EFFECT

In this paper,we consider the reaction diffusion equations with strong generic delay kernel and non-local effect,which models the microbial growth in a flow reactor.The existence of traveling waves is established for this model.More precisely,using the geometric singular perturbation theory,we show that traveling wave solutions exist provided that the delay is sufficiently small with the strong generic delay kernel.

An Observational Study on the Local Climate Effect of the Shangyi Wind Farm in Hebei Province

Zhangjiakou is an important wind power base in Hebei Province,China.The impact of its wind farms on the local climate is controversial.Based on long-term meteorological data from 1981 to 2018,we investigated the effects of the Shangyi Wind Farm(SWF)in Zhangjiakou on air temperature,wind speed,relative humidity,and precipitation using the anomaly or ratio method between the impacted weather station and the non-impacted background weather station.The influence of the SWF on land surface temperature(LST)and evapotranspiration(ET)using MODIS satellite data from 2003 to 2018 was also explored.The results showed that the SWF had an atmospheric warming effect at night especially in summer and autumn(up to 0.95℃).The daytime air temperature changes were marginal,and their signs were varying depending on the season.The annual mean wind speed decreased by 6%,mainly noted in spring and winter(up to 14%).The precipitation and relative humidity were not affected by the SWF.There was no increase in LST in the SWF perhaps due to the increased vegetation coverage unrelated to the wind farms,which canceled out the wind farm-induced land surface warming and also resulted in an increase in ET.The results showed that the impact of wind farms on the local climate was significant,while their impact on the regional climate was slight.

Fracture evolution and localization effect of damage in rock based on wave velocity imaging technology

By utilizing wave velocity imaging technology,the uniaxial multi-stage loading test was conducted on siltstone to attain wave velocity imagings during rock fracture.Based on the time series parameters of acoustic emissions(AE),joint response characteristics of the velocity field and AE during rock fracture were analyzed.Moreover,the localization effect of damage during rock fracture was explored by applying wave velocity imagings.The experimental result showed that the wave velocity imagings enable three-dimensional(3-D)visualization of the extent and spatial position of damage to the rock.A damaged zone has a low wave velocity and a zone where the low wave velocity is concentrated tends to correspond to a severely damaged zone.AE parameters and wave velocity imagings depict the changes in activity of cracks during rock fracture from temporal and spatial perspectives,respectively:the activity of cracks is strengthened,and the rate of AE events increases during rock fracture;correspondingly,the low-velocity zones are gradually aggregated and their area gradually increases.From the wave velocity imagings,the damaged zones in rock were divided into an initially damaged zone,a progressively damaged zone,and a fractured zone.During rock fracture,the progressively damaged zone and the fractured zone both develop around the initially damaged zone,showing a typical localization effect of the damage.By capturing the spatial development trends of the progressively damaged zone and fractured zone in wave velocity imagings,the development of microfractures can be predicted,exerting practical significance for determining the position of the main fracture.

Surface effect and non-local elasticity in wave propagation of functionally graded piezoelectric nano-rod excited to applied voltage

A non-local solution for a functionally graded piezoelectric nano-rod is pre- sented by accounting the surface effect. This solution is used to evaluate the charac- teristics of the wave propagation in the rod structure. The model is loaded under a two-dimensional （2D） electric potential and an initially applied voltage at the top of the rod. The mechanical and electrical properties are assumed to be variable along the thick- ness direction of the rod according to the power law. The Hamilton principle is used to derive the governing differential equations of the electromechanical system. The effects of some important parameters such as the applied voltage and gradation of the material properties on the wave characteristics of the rod are studied.

Analysis of localization effect in blue-violet light emitting InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells with different well widths

Four blue-violet light emitting InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well（MQW） structures with different well widths are grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. The carrier localization effect in these samples is investigated mainly by temperature-dependent photoluminescence measurements. It is found that the localization effect is enhanced as the well width increases from 1.8 nm to 3.6 nm in our experiments. The temperature induced PL peak blueshift and linewidth variation increase with increasing well width, implying that a greater amplitude of potential fluctuation as well as more localization states exist in wider wells. In addition, it is noted that the broadening of the PL spectra always occurs mainly on the low-energy side of the PL spectra due to the temperature-induced band-gap shrinkage, while in the case of the widest well, a large extension of the spectral curve also occurs in the high energy sides due to the existence of more shallow localized centers.

Spectroscopic study of local thermal effect in transparent glass ceramics containing nanoparticles

Local thermal effect influencing the fluorescence of triply ionized rare earth ions doped in nanocrystals is studied with laser spectroscopy and theory of thermal transportation for transparent oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing nanocrystals. The result shows that the local temperature of the nanocrystals embedded in glass matrices is much higher than the environmental temperature of the sample. It is suggested that the tempera,ture-dependent thermal energy induced by the light absorption must be considered when the theory of thermal transportation is applied to the study of local thermal effect.

THE VOID-SIZE EFFECT ON PLASTIC FLOW LOCALIZATION IN THE GURSON MODEL

Recent studies have shown that the size of microvoids has a significant effect on the void growth rate.The purpose of this paper is to explore whether the void size effect can influence the plastic flow localization in ductile materials.We have used the extended Gurson's dilatational plasticity theory,which accounts for the void size effect,to study the plastic flow localization in porous solids with long cylindrical voids.The localization model of Rice is adopted,in which the material inside the band may display a different response from that outside the band at the incipient plastic flow localization.The present study shows that it has little effect on the shear band angle.

Localized Effect of Light Diffraction by Capillary Wave

The localized effect of light diffracted by a capillary wave is discovered by changing the wave amplitude. The localized range is related to the wave number and the amplitude. The dependence of the half maximum localized angle on the wave number and amplitude is analytically derived. Meanwhile, the analytic angular distribution of the diffraction light in the localized range is obtained. Experiments are carried out to achieve diffraction patterns to confirm the localized effect and to measure the angular distribution of the diffraction light intensity as well as to determine the localized range scales corresponding to different wave amplitudes. Theoretical curves of the light intensity angular distribution and localized interval widths related to surface acoustic wave amplitudes are compared with the experimental data. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical prediction.

Localization correction to the anomalous Hall effect in amorphous CoFeB thin films

An obvious weak localization correction to anomalous Hall conductance（AHC） in very thin CoFeB film is reported.We find that both the weak localization to AHC and the mechanism of the anomalous Hall effect are related to the CoFeB thickness.When the film is thicker than 3 nm,the side jump mechanism dominates and the weak locaUzation to AHC vanishes.For very thin CoFeB films,both the side jump and skew scattering mechanisms contribute to the anomalous Hall effect,and the weak localization correction to AHC is observed.

数字经济助推新型城镇化发展:基于空间杜宾模型和门槛模型的分析

从人口城镇化、经济城镇化、社会城镇化、生态城镇化四维度解构新型城镇化,在构建数字经济助推新型城镇化发展理论框架的基础上,以2011-2020年中国283个地级及以上城市的面板数据为样本,利用空间杜宾模型和面板门槛模型实证检验了数字经济对新型城镇化的“本地-邻地”效应和门槛效应。结果表明:①数字经济对本地及邻地新型城镇化均具有显著推动作用;②数字经济对本地新型城镇化4个子维度影响显著,并对邻地人口城镇化、经济城镇化表现出明显空间溢出效应;③东、中西部区域差异导致数字经济对新型城镇化产生不同影响效果;城市规模过大或过小均不利于数字经济有效助力本地及邻地新型城镇化发展;④数字经济对新型城镇化的推动作用具有非线性特征,当数字经济水平越过第二门槛值后,其推动作用大为增强,数字经济对人口城镇化和经济城镇化存在双重门槛,对生态城镇化存在单一门槛。

陕北黄土高原中部生态修复对局地气候的影响

利用陕北黄土高原2000—2019年MODIS产品MOD13Q1数据,定边、安塞、志丹、子长、延安气象站1990—2019年月(年)平均气温及最高(最低)气温、降雨量、降雨日数等资料,通过差值(比值)、相关系数、线性回归等方法,对陕北黄土高原生态修复显著区(志丹、安塞、子长、延安)和非显著区(定边)在生态修复前(1990—1999年)、生态修复中(2000—2019年)的气象要素变化进行对比分析。结果表明:(1)生态修复中显著区、非显著区的归一化植被指数分别以0.123、0.081/10 a的速率增加,显著区为非显著区的1.5倍;显著区和非显著区年平均气温分别以0.164、0.467℃/10 a的速率上升,平均降雨量分别以39.95、25.56 mm/10 a的速率增加,显著区较非显著区升温明显缓慢,但平均降雨量的增加速率明显大于非显著区。(2)生态的显著性修复在2012年之后对年平均气温上升的抑制作用凸显,显著区和非显著区年平均气温差值在2013年发生突变,2013年为生态修复对年平均气温影响的关键时间点;生态修复显著区在植被生长季(4—9月)对年平均气温上升的抑制较为明显,7月最明显,显著区较非显著区年平均气温降低了1.05℃;对最高气温的抑制出现在7—8月,对最低气温的抑制出现在5—6月。(3)生态修复中(2013—2019年)显著区的降雨日数较修复前明显偏少近6 d,其减少主要是小雨日数的减少,中雨以上的降雨日数均随着生态修复的开展呈增加趋势;显著区植被生长季降雨量增加最明显,降雨量的增加主要表现为中雨以上降雨日数的增加;1—7月随着植被覆盖度不断增加,显著区与非显著区不同等级降雨日数差值逐渐增大,7月达到最大,8—12月随着植被覆盖度不断降低,降雨日数的差值逐渐减小。

断点回归方法及应用实现

目的完整、系统介绍断点回归设计(RDD)原理及统计方法,为其在公共卫生领域应用提供参考。方法在介绍断点回归设计原理基础上,用室内甲醛干预的实例演示了利用Stata软件实现断点回归统计方法的过程,介绍和比较属于参数法的多项式回归和属于非参数法的局部线性回归的分析方法和结果。结果RDD是一种准实验设计,对研究对象没有随机分组,而是选择一个与干预措施有关的变量,根据该变量的取值选择切点划分干预组和对照组。RDD在内部有效性方面优于其他准实验设计,但外部有效性受到一定限制。基于观察性资料的RDD不仅可控制可观测的混杂因素,还可控制无法观测的混杂因素,也更符合伦理道德。在本文实例中,多项式回归和局部线性回归两种分析方法的结果基本一致。结论RDD在公共卫生领域的真实世界研究中有广阔的应用前景,为科学评估干预政策和提供高质量决策依据提供新的思路和方法。

数字金融对地方政府债务的影响研究——基于省级面板数据的实证检验

本文基于2015—2021年中国省级面板数据实证研究数字金融对地方政府债务的影响,发现两者呈现出显著为负的非线性关系,数字金融的发展对地方政府优化自身债务、降低系统性金融风险具有积极作用。采用系统聚类将31个省(区、市)分为发展中、次发达、发达地区三大组别,发现数字金融对地方政府债务的抑制作用在发展中地区表现得最为显著。市场化水平在数字金融抑制地方政府债务过程中具有正向调节作用,特别是当市场化水平跨越一定的门槛值以后,数字金融对地方政府债务的影响显著增强。在此基础上,提出了数字金融背景下分类施策缓解各级地方政府债务问题的相关建议。

大数据分析能力对企业数字化转型的影响:地方政策感知的调节效应

我国地方政策鼓励企业数字化转型,企业如何实施数字化转型成为众多学者关注的问题。基于动态能力理论和环境适应学派的理论观点,采用问卷数据进行实证分析,探讨大数据分析能力对企业数字化转型的影响以及地方政策感知的调节作用。结果表明,大数据分析能力对处于初始准备阶段、践行实施阶段和深度探索阶段的企业数字化转型均具有积极影响。地方政策感知正向调节大数据分析能力与处于初始准备阶段、践行实施阶段企业数字化转型的关系,但对大数据分析能力与处于深度探索阶段企业数字化转型关系的调节作用不显著。结论可深化对企业数字化转型的解读,并为政府根据企业所处数字化转型阶段精准施策提供参考。

成本视角下我国地方产业政策对供应链韧性的影响效果

产业链供应链安全稳定是构建新发展格局的基础,2020年12月中央经济工作会议提出要增强产业链供应链自主可控能力。同时,产业政策成为推动区域经济增长、优化产业结构、提升本地区企业竞争力的关键。基于2006—2022年A股上市公司和“十一五”至“十四五”周期内的地方产业政策数据,采用异质性分析、PSMDID实证分析等方法,以成本及其传导路径为切入视角,研究探讨地方产业政策对企业供应链韧性的影响,揭示产业集群形成、技术创新提升和宏观经济环境差异性对地方产业政策降低成本的多维作用机制。实证结果显示,地方重点产业政策能显著降低企业供应链成本,而一般产业政策呈现增加效果。PSM-DID实证分析发现,重点产业政策进入会降低供应链成本;一般产业政策进入则提升供应链成本,退出则降低成本且效果相较进入时弱,总体会增加供应链成本。地方政府在制定和调整产业政策时,应提高政策的针对性,促使多项政策协同增效,紧紧围绕产业集群发展与技术创新进行精准施策。同时,确保政策灵活可持续,优化经济与市场环境,并针对不同领域实施差异化指导。

基于辅助回归的面板数据固定效应变系数模型的估计

本文针对面板数据固定效应变系数模型引入辅助回归来解释个体效应与协变量之间的关系,以此来处理固定效应,将模型转化为部分线性变系数模型.为了获得系数函数的估计,采用正交投影的方法消除固定效应,进一步基于局部线性估计对系数函数进行估计.在一些正则条件下,给出了系数函数估计的渐近性质.随后,模拟研究了所提出的估计方法的有限样本性质.模拟结果表明无论个体效应是随机的还是固定的,本文方法优于已有的方法.最后,对艾滋病人的CD4数据进行了实证分析.