An important feature of local self-government which differs from other public authorities should be the independence of its organs from the government system of administration. The empowerment of local communities, wh...An important feature of local self-government which differs from other public authorities should be the independence of its organs from the government system of administration. The empowerment of local communities, which takes place in all democratic states, has been achieved by giving the guarantee of autonomy to local self-government, including financial autonomy. These are fundamental assumptions of local self-government functioning. The subject of this paper is to present self-government, in the field of shaping the basic sources of public tasks. issues relating to the financial autonomy of loca of its financial supply in cash, enabling the performance展开更多
This study explored the biodiversity in Local Thai rice Varieties （Oryza sativa L.） during May 2011 to March 2013 by conducting surveys and collecting rice varieties from 4 regions of Thailand. There are altogether ...This study explored the biodiversity in Local Thai rice Varieties （Oryza sativa L.） during May 2011 to March 2013 by conducting surveys and collecting rice varieties from 4 regions of Thailand. There are altogether 89 varieties of local rice which include 16 in Central region, 12 in Northern region, 23 in Northeastern region, and 38 in Southern region. Among them are of 2 types： 21 varieties of glutinous rice and 68 varieties of non-glutinous rice. Ecological classification suggested 72 varieties of lowland rice, 10 varieties of upland rice, and 7 varieties of floating rice. These varieties of rice were cultivated in the farmer fields of Nongbondaeng sub-district in Banbueng district of Chonburi province during the rainy season and off season between 2011 and 2013 and to capture their agricultural descriptors. Results revealed germination and seedling growth in 33 varieties. The Unknow 2 variety yields maximum weight of 6.47 grams per panicle, while Sor.6 Chumpae variety gives minimum weight of 0.85 grams per panicle. Aye Khong produces highest number of 317 filled grains per panicle, while the lowest is Sewkliang with 5 filled grains per panicle. Gumrai gives biggest size of seed of 0.47 × 1.01 mm, while Sangyod gives smallest size of 0.19 × 0.97 mm.展开更多
The structure of key-value data is a typical data structure generated by mobile devices.The collection and analysis of the data from mobile devices are critical for service providers to improve service quality.Neverth...The structure of key-value data is a typical data structure generated by mobile devices.The collection and analysis of the data from mobile devices are critical for service providers to improve service quality.Nevertheless,collecting raw data,which may contain various per⁃sonal information,would lead to serious personal privacy leaks.Local differential privacy(LDP)has been proposed to protect privacy on the device side so that the server cannot obtain the raw data.However,existing mechanisms assume that all keys are equally sensitive,which can⁃not produce high-precision statistical results.A utility-improved data collection framework with LDP for key-value formed mobile data is pro⁃posed to solve this issue.More specifically,we divide the key-value data into sensitive and non-sensitive parts and only provide an LDPequivalent privacy guarantee for sensitive keys and all values.We instantiate our framework by using a utility-improved key value-unary en⁃coding(UKV-UE)mechanism based on unary encoding,with which our framework can work effectively for a large key domain.We then vali⁃date our mechanism which provides better utility and is suitable for mobile devices by evaluating it in two real datasets.Finally,some pos⁃sible future research directions are envisioned.展开更多
In this article, we introduce and study some new classes of multi-leader-follower generalized constrained multiobjective games in locally FC-uniform spaces where the number of leaders and followers may be finite or in...In this article, we introduce and study some new classes of multi-leader-follower generalized constrained multiobjective games in locally FC-uniform spaces where the number of leaders and followers may be finite or infinite and the objective functions of the followers obtain their values in infinite-dimensional spaces. Each leader has a constrained correspondence. By using a collective fixed point theorem in locally FC-uniform spaces due to author, some existence theorems of equilibrium points for the multi-leader-follower generalized constrained multiobjective games are established under nonconvex settings. These results generalize some corresponding results in recent literature.展开更多
The integration of local plant genetic resources into the breeding program is an asset for research. The objective of this study is to assess the diversity and analyze the management practices of cultivated sorghum. A...The integration of local plant genetic resources into the breeding program is an asset for research. The objective of this study is to assess the diversity and analyze the management practices of cultivated sorghum. A questionnaire following a participatory approach was submitted to 675 producers in 45 villages. The cultivars collected were characterized using 9 qualitative descriptors. In total, 151 accessions and 191 names were inventoried. On average, 25.17 accessions per department and 3.36 accessions per village. Local taxonomy is based on many criteria expressed in different local languages. The most common method of naming is that to the word sorghum is added either the color of the grain, the precocity, or any element deemed relevant by the farmers. Significant variability in grain and panicle traits was observed within the collection, except the color of the endosperm. The rate of diversity loss is 11.52% and red grain sorghums are the most threatened with extinction. Five accessions groups are differentiated by the presence or absence of awns, the color of glumes, and amount of grain covered by glumes, grain plumpness, and form. Based on productivity, precocity, plant size, seed shape, and color, the farmers identified seven promising accessions. This potential will be preserved and developed in the sorghum varietal improvement program in Chad.展开更多
Property tax income of local authorities has become more challenging due to robust developments. Property tax revenue is the main income for local authorities that are used to pay for services and maintenance in the l...Property tax income of local authorities has become more challenging due to robust developments. Property tax revenue is the main income for local authorities that are used to pay for services and maintenance in the local authority administrative areas. However, the amount of revenue collected is decreasing due to the serious problem of property tax arrears that affects the administrative system and as a corollary, the delivery of services by local authorities. The performance measurement of property tax is very important in order to manage the services, and for maintenance and development of sustainable local authorities. Therefore, this paper represents a review of the Malaysian local authority property tax collection performance. The rating system is applied to address the performance of property tax collection in Malaysia. The result revealed that most of the property tax collection in Malaysia performed under inadequate level. Property tax collection statistics for the research include the total revenue and property tax arrears for each local authority in Malaysia within five years from 2004 to 2007. It is expected that this property tax performance will be employed as a basis to pursue the appropriate, innovative, and creative approaches for local authorities in Malaysia.展开更多
文摘An important feature of local self-government which differs from other public authorities should be the independence of its organs from the government system of administration. The empowerment of local communities, which takes place in all democratic states, has been achieved by giving the guarantee of autonomy to local self-government, including financial autonomy. These are fundamental assumptions of local self-government functioning. The subject of this paper is to present self-government, in the field of shaping the basic sources of public tasks. issues relating to the financial autonomy of loca of its financial supply in cash, enabling the performance
文摘This study explored the biodiversity in Local Thai rice Varieties （Oryza sativa L.） during May 2011 to March 2013 by conducting surveys and collecting rice varieties from 4 regions of Thailand. There are altogether 89 varieties of local rice which include 16 in Central region, 12 in Northern region, 23 in Northeastern region, and 38 in Southern region. Among them are of 2 types： 21 varieties of glutinous rice and 68 varieties of non-glutinous rice. Ecological classification suggested 72 varieties of lowland rice, 10 varieties of upland rice, and 7 varieties of floating rice. These varieties of rice were cultivated in the farmer fields of Nongbondaeng sub-district in Banbueng district of Chonburi province during the rainy season and off season between 2011 and 2013 and to capture their agricultural descriptors. Results revealed germination and seedling growth in 33 varieties. The Unknow 2 variety yields maximum weight of 6.47 grams per panicle, while Sor.6 Chumpae variety gives minimum weight of 0.85 grams per panicle. Aye Khong produces highest number of 317 filled grains per panicle, while the lowest is Sewkliang with 5 filled grains per panicle. Gumrai gives biggest size of seed of 0.47 × 1.01 mm, while Sangyod gives smallest size of 0.19 × 0.97 mm.
文摘The structure of key-value data is a typical data structure generated by mobile devices.The collection and analysis of the data from mobile devices are critical for service providers to improve service quality.Nevertheless,collecting raw data,which may contain various per⁃sonal information,would lead to serious personal privacy leaks.Local differential privacy(LDP)has been proposed to protect privacy on the device side so that the server cannot obtain the raw data.However,existing mechanisms assume that all keys are equally sensitive,which can⁃not produce high-precision statistical results.A utility-improved data collection framework with LDP for key-value formed mobile data is pro⁃posed to solve this issue.More specifically,we divide the key-value data into sensitive and non-sensitive parts and only provide an LDPequivalent privacy guarantee for sensitive keys and all values.We instantiate our framework by using a utility-improved key value-unary en⁃coding(UKV-UE)mechanism based on unary encoding,with which our framework can work effectively for a large key domain.We then vali⁃date our mechanism which provides better utility and is suitable for mobile devices by evaluating it in two real datasets.Finally,some pos⁃sible future research directions are envisioned.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fun of Sichuan Normal University(11ZDL01)the Sichuan Province Leading Academic Discipline Project(SZD0406)
文摘In this article, we introduce and study some new classes of multi-leader-follower generalized constrained multiobjective games in locally FC-uniform spaces where the number of leaders and followers may be finite or infinite and the objective functions of the followers obtain their values in infinite-dimensional spaces. Each leader has a constrained correspondence. By using a collective fixed point theorem in locally FC-uniform spaces due to author, some existence theorems of equilibrium points for the multi-leader-follower generalized constrained multiobjective games are established under nonconvex settings. These results generalize some corresponding results in recent literature.
文摘The integration of local plant genetic resources into the breeding program is an asset for research. The objective of this study is to assess the diversity and analyze the management practices of cultivated sorghum. A questionnaire following a participatory approach was submitted to 675 producers in 45 villages. The cultivars collected were characterized using 9 qualitative descriptors. In total, 151 accessions and 191 names were inventoried. On average, 25.17 accessions per department and 3.36 accessions per village. Local taxonomy is based on many criteria expressed in different local languages. The most common method of naming is that to the word sorghum is added either the color of the grain, the precocity, or any element deemed relevant by the farmers. Significant variability in grain and panicle traits was observed within the collection, except the color of the endosperm. The rate of diversity loss is 11.52% and red grain sorghums are the most threatened with extinction. Five accessions groups are differentiated by the presence or absence of awns, the color of glumes, and amount of grain covered by glumes, grain plumpness, and form. Based on productivity, precocity, plant size, seed shape, and color, the farmers identified seven promising accessions. This potential will be preserved and developed in the sorghum varietal improvement program in Chad.
文摘Property tax income of local authorities has become more challenging due to robust developments. Property tax revenue is the main income for local authorities that are used to pay for services and maintenance in the local authority administrative areas. However, the amount of revenue collected is decreasing due to the serious problem of property tax arrears that affects the administrative system and as a corollary, the delivery of services by local authorities. The performance measurement of property tax is very important in order to manage the services, and for maintenance and development of sustainable local authorities. Therefore, this paper represents a review of the Malaysian local authority property tax collection performance. The rating system is applied to address the performance of property tax collection in Malaysia. The result revealed that most of the property tax collection in Malaysia performed under inadequate level. Property tax collection statistics for the research include the total revenue and property tax arrears for each local authority in Malaysia within five years from 2004 to 2007. It is expected that this property tax performance will be employed as a basis to pursue the appropriate, innovative, and creative approaches for local authorities in Malaysia.
