The Evolving Bipartite Network and Semi-Bipartite Network Models with Adjustable Scale and Hybrid Attachment Mechanisms

The bipartite graph structure exists in the connections of many objects in the real world, and the evolving modeling is a good method to describe and understand the generation and evolution within various real complex networks. Previous bipartite models were proposed to mostly explain the principle of attachments, and ignored the diverse growth speed of nodes of sets in different bipartite networks. In this paper, we propose an evolving bipartite network model with adjustable node scale and hybrid attachment mechanisms, which uses different probability parameters to control the scale of two disjoint sets of nodes and the preference strength of hybrid attachment respectively. The results show that the degree distribution of single set in the proposed model follows a shifted power-law distribution when parameter r and s are not equal to 0, or exponential distribution when r or s is equal to 0. Furthermore, we extend the previous model to a semi-bipartite network model, which embeds more user association information into the internal network, so that the model is capable of carrying and revealing more deep information of each user in the network. The simulation results of two models are in good agreement with the empirical data, which verifies that the models have a good performance on real networks from the perspective of degree distribution. We believe these two models are valuable for an explanation of the origin and growth of bipartite systems that truly exist.

A local-world evolving hypernetwork model

Complex hypernetworks are ubiquitous in the real system. It is very important to investigate the evolution mecha- nisms. In this paper, we present a local-world evolving hypernetwork model by taking into account the hyperedge growth and local-world hyperedge preferential attachment mechanisms. At each time step, a newly added hyperedge encircles a new coming node and a number of nodes from a randomly selected local world. The number of the selected nodes from the local world obeys the uniform distribution and its mean value is m. The analytical and simulation results show that the hyperdegree approximately obeys the power-law form and the exponent of hyperdegree distribution is 7 = 2 ＋ 1/m. Furthermore, we numerically investigate the node degree, hyperedge degree, clustering coefficient, as well as the average distance, and find that the hypemetwork model shares the scale-flee and small-world properties, which shed some light for deeply understanding the evolution mechanism of the real systems.

A new local-world evolving network model

In some real complex networks, only a few nodes can obtain the global information about the entire networks, but most of the nodes own only local connections therefore own only local information of the networks. A new local-world evolving network model is proposed in this paper. In the model, not all the nodes obtain local network information, which is different from the local world network model proposed by Li and Chen （LC model）. In the LC model, each node has only the local connections therefore owns only local information about the entire networks. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that adjusting the ratio of the number of nodes obtaining the global information of the network to the total number of nodes can effectively control the valuing range for the power-law exponent of the new network. Therefore, if the topological structure of a complex network, especially its exponent of power-law degree distribution, needs controlling, we just add or take away a few nodes which own the global information of the network.

Evolving Network Model with Local-Area Preference for Mobile Ad Hoc Network

To accurately describe the evolving features of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) and to improve the performance of such networks, an evolving topology model with local-area preference is proposed. The aim of the model, which is analyzed by the mean field theory, is to optimize network structures based on users' behaviors in MANETs. The analysis results indicate that the network generated by this evolving model is a kind of scale-free network. This evolving model can improve the fault-tolerance performance of networks by balancing the connectivity and two factors, i.e., the remaining energy and the distance to nodes. The simulation results show that the evolving topology model has superior performance in reducing the traffic load and the energy consumption, prolonging network lifetime and improving the scalability of networks. It is an available approach for establishing and analyzing actual MANETs.

A Collaboration Network Model with Multiple Evolving Factors

To describe the empirical data of collaboration networks, several evolving mechanisms have been proposed, which usually introduce different dynamics factors controlling the network growth. These models can reasonably reproduce the empirical degree distributions for a number of we11-studied real-world collaboration networks. On the basis of the previous studies, in this work we propose a collaboration network model in which the network growth is simultaneously controlled by three factors, including partial preferential attachment, partial random attachment and network growth speed. By using a rate equation method, we obtain an analytical formula for the act degree distribution. We discuss the dependence of the act degree distribution on these different dynamics factors. By fitting to the empirical data of two typical collaboration networks, we can extract the respective contributions of these dynamics factors to the evolution of each networks.

Spontaneous Infection and Periodic Evolving of Domain in a Diffusive SIS Epidemic Model

In this paper, we consider a susceptible-infective-susceptible(SIS) reaction-diffusion epidemic model with spontaneous infection and logistic source in a periodically evolving domain. Using the iterative technique,the uniform boundedness of solution is established. In addition, the spatial-temporal risk index R0(ρ) depending on the domain evolution rate ρ(t) as well as its analytical properties are discussed. The monotonicity of R0(ρ)with respect to the diffusion coefficients of the infected dI, the spontaneous infection rate η(ρ(t)y) and interval length L is investigated under appropriate conditions. Further, the existence and asymptotic behavior of periodic endemic equilibria are explored by upper and lower solution method. Finally, some numerical simulations are presented to illustrate our analytical results. Our results provide valuable information for disease control and prevention.

High level architecture evolved modular federation object model

To improve the agility, dynamics, composability, reusability, and development efficiency restricted by monolithic federation object model （FOM）, a modular FOM is proposed by high level architecture （HLA） evolved product development group. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of HLA evolved modular FOM. In particular, related concepts, the overall impact on HLA standards, extension principles, and merging processes are discussed. Also permitted and restricted combinations, and merging rules are provided, and the influence on HLA interface specification is given. The comparison between modular FOM and base object model （BOM） is performed to illustrate the importance of their combination. The applications of modular FOM are summarized. Finally, the significance to facilitate compoable simulation both in academia and practice is presented and future directions are pointed out.

Product Model Evolvement and Configuration Knowledge Reuse Method

Configuration knowledge is a dynamic information set which is evolving and enriching on and on. Product model is the instantiation of configuration knowledge and the evolution of configuration knowledge is the essential inherent reason which causes the models dynamic evolvement. In the traditional model evolvement process, the inheriting and reuse of configuration knowledge was always ignored. Aim at solving the above problem, the multistage rhombus evolution mode of configuration knowledge is discussed in this paper. The product model based on configuration knowledge is put forward in different levels to achieve the models dynamic evolvement and automatic upgrading. The evolving configuration knowledge drives the product model to evolve directly according to the rule of up-layer evolvement. Furthermore, a new configuration knowledge reuse and optimization technology is presented to inheriting and reuse the foregone configuration knowledge in the course of model evolvement. At last, the air separation equipment which is related with the project is taken as an example to illuminate that the presented model evolvement and configuration knowledge reuse technology are validity and practical.

Evolving networks: from topology to dynamics

A multi-local-world model is introduced to describe the evolving networks that have a localization property such as the Internet. Based on this model, we show that the traffic load defined by 'betweenness centrality' on the multi-local-world scale-free networks' model also follows a power law form. In this kind of network, a few vertices have heavier loads and so play more important roles than the others in the network.

Application of Solid Thinking Evolve in Product Modeling Design

In view of application characteristics of Solid Thinking Evolve in product modeling design, and the practical design of cosmetics packaging, this paper introduced the unique Construction TreeTM, fast, convenient and easy features of Solid Thinking Evolve, and its application prospects in product development.

CONCEPTUAL MODELING BASED ON LOGICAL EXPRESSION AND EVOLVEMENT

Aiming at the problem of abstract and polytype information modeling in product conceptual design, a method of conceptual modeling based on logical expression and evolvement is presented. Based on the logic expressions of the product conceptual design information, a fimction/logic/strucmre mapping model is set up. First, the fimction semantics is transformed into logical expressions through fimction/logic mapping. Second, the methods of logical evolvement are utilized to describe the fimction analysis, fimction/strucmre mapping and structure combination. Last, the logical structure scheme is transformed into geometrical sketch through logic/structure mapping. The conceptual design information and modeling process are described uniformly with logical methods in the model, and an effective method for computer aided conceptual design based on the model is implemented.

Model evolvement and reuse technology of injection molding machine based on performance knowledge

To illuminate the necessity of model evolvement and reuse, dynamics of injection molding machine＇s product models are analyzed. The performance knowledge is used to support the model evolvement and reuse. The driven factors of mechanical product model are concluded. The dynamic characteristics of reuse. Finally, HT1800X1N series injection molding machines are taken as examples to illuminate that the arithmetic is correct and practical.

Application of Design Patterns in Process of Large-Scale Software Evolving

To search for the Design Patterns’ influence on the software, the paper abstracts the feature models of 9 kinds of classic exiting design patterns among the 23 kinds and describes the features with algorithm language. Meanwhile, searching for the specific structure features in the network, the paper designs 9 matching algorithms of the 9 kinds design patterns mentioned above to research on the structure of the design patterns in the software network. At last, the paper analyzes the evolving trends of the software scale and the application frequency of the 9 kinds of design patterns as the software evolves, and search for the rules how these design patterns are applied into 4 kinds of typical software.

基于全参模型驱动的某皮卡车架性能带宽研究

为实现车型平台化性能开发设计,在概念设计阶段需开展细致的性能带宽研究。基于某皮卡平台车架架构尺寸平台化衍生策略,选定高关注的7项(前悬、轴距、后悬、车高、车宽、前开挡、后开挡)架构尺寸参数开展研究,利用MeshWorks工具建立了车架架构尺寸全参数化模型。通过参数驱动架构尺寸变形和DOE实验设计方法,在给定的设计领域内开展数值仿真寻优,探索了车架架构尺寸-性能-质量三者之间内在联系,建立了概念阶段开展线性工况下架构尺寸与性能规律探寻、性能-质量目标带宽精益化研究等工程技术方法,为项目概念及工程设计阶段开展多学科联合仿真优化的实现及基于有限元基型车模型快速衍生新的架构方案提供了方法。

A New Definition and Calculation Model for Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization

We present a new definition (Evolving Solutions) for Multi-objective Optimization Problem (MOP) to answer the basic question (what's multi-objective optimal solution?) and advance an asynchronous evolutionary model (MINT Model) to solve MOPs. The new theory is based on our understanding of the natural evolution and the analysis of the difference between natural evolution and MOP, thus it is not only different from the Converting Optimization but also different from Pareto Optimization. Some tests prove that our new theory may conquer disadvantages of the upper two methods to some extent.

考虑城镇生长特性的区域能源网演化模型

区域能源网的发展是新型城镇建设的重要环节,分析区域能源网的演化规律和形态特征,对于指导网络规划、运行具有重要意义。提出了一种考虑城镇生长特性的区域能源网演化模型,首先根据城镇生长特性总结了空间负荷的增长特性,进而借鉴复杂网络理论中的随机几何图模型模拟城镇负荷的增长过程,然后以最小化投资建设成本为目标,规划得到区域能源网的能源站和综合管线分布,给出区域能源网的演化流程,进一步通过理论分析了演化模型的空间和拓扑特征。算例分析结果表明演化所得区域能源网符合城镇和负荷的生长特性,其形态特征与理论分析结果一致,并且与实际电网具有相似的特征,验证了所提演化模型的合理性。

A novel evolving model for power grids

In this paper,a novel power grid evolving model,which can well describe the evolving property of power grids,is presented. Based on the BA model,motivated by the fact that in real power grids,connectivity of node not only depends on its degree,but also is influenced by many uncertain factors,so we introduce the subconnection factor K for each node. Using the mean-field theory,we get the analytical expression of power-law degree distribution with the exponent γ∈ (3,∞ ). Finally,simulation results show that the new model can provide a satisfactory description for empirical characteristics of power network,and power network falls somewhere in between scale-free network and uncertain network.

东汉至西晋时期五联罐到魂瓶的造型装饰演变过程探析

东汉至西晋时期是中国古代社会的重要转型期,而五联罐与魂瓶作为这一时期陶瓷明器中的特殊产物,二者的发展与嬗变不仅反映了陶瓷造型装饰的创新以及生产技术的进步,更重要的是其器身装饰元素的变化体现了这一时期社会思想与宗教信仰变迁的现象。本文将以类型学研究为基础,结合古文献资料的记载,试图还原并分析五联罐到魂瓶造型特征的演变过程及其演变过程背后的宗教装饰因素。

Asymptotic profile of a mutualistic model on a periodically evolving domain

In order to investigate the impact of periodically evolving domain on the mutualism interaction of two species,we study a mutualistic model on a periodically evolving domain.To overcome the difficulty caused by the advection and dilution terms,we transform the model to a reaction-difusion problem in a fixed domain.By means of eigenvalue problems,the threshold parameters are introduced.The asymptotic profiles of the solutions on an evolving domain are studied by using the threshold parameters and the upper and lower solutions method.The impact of the domain evolution rate on the persistence or extinction of species is analyzed.Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate our analytical results.