Hierarchical closed form solutions for plates bent by localized transverse loadings

3D and 2D closed form plate models are here applied to static analysis of simply supported square isotropic plates. 2D theories are hierarchically classified on the basis of the accuracy of the displacements and stresses obtained by comparison to the 3D exact results that could be assumed by the reader as benchmark for further analyses. Attention is mainly paid on localized loading conditions, that is, piecewise constant load. Also bi-sinusoidal and uniformly distributed loadings are taken into account. All of those configurations are considered in order to investigate the behavior of the 2D models in the case of continu- ous/uncontinuous, centric or off-centric loading conditions. The ratio between the side length a and the plate thickness h has been assumed as analysis parameter. Higher order 2D models yield accurate results for any considered load condition in the case of moderately thick plates, a/h=10. In the case of thick plates, a/h=5, and continuous/uncontinuous centric loading conditions high accuracy is also obtained. For the considered off-centric load condition and thick plates good results are provided for some output quantities. A better solution could be achieved by simply increasing the polynomial approximation order of the axiomatic 2D displacement field.

Review of Computational Approaches to Optimization Problems in Inhomogeneous Rods and Plates

In this paper,we review computational approaches to optimization problems of inhomogeneous rods and plates.We consider both the optimization of eigenvalues and the localization of eigenfunctions.These problems are motivated by physical problems including the determination of the extremum of the fundamental vibration frequency and the localization of the vibration displacement.We demonstrate how an iterative rearrangement approach and a gradient descent approach with projection can successfully solve these optimization problems under different boundary conditions with different densities given.

Local Bifurcation of a Thin Rectangle Plate with the Friction Support Boundary

The dynamical equations of a thin rectangle plate subjected to the friction support boundary and its plane force are established in this paper. The local bifurcation of this system is investigated by using L S method and the singularity theory. The Z 2 bifurcation in non degenerate case is discussed. The local bifurcation diagrams of the unfolding parameters and the bifurcation response characters referred to the physical parameters of the system are obtained by numerical simulation. The results of the computer simulation are coincident with the theoretical analysis and experimental results.

One-Dimensional Localization of Elastic Waves in Rib-Stiffened Plates

The 1 dimensional localization of elastic waves in disordered periodic multi span rib stiffened plates is investigated. The transfer matrix method is employed to obtain the transfer matrix of the system, and the method for calculating the Lyapunov exponents in continuous dynamic systems presented by Wolf is used to determine the localization factor. As examples, the numerical results of the localization factors are given for a disordered rib stiffened plate. The effects of the degree of disorder of span...

Nanofabrication of 50 nm zone plates through e-beam lithography with local proximity effect correction for x-ray imaging

High resolution Fresnel zone plates for nanoscale three-dimensional imaging of materials by both soft and hard x-rays are increasingly needed by the broad applications in nanoscience and nanotechnology.When the outmost zone-width is shrinking down to 50 nm or even below,patterning the zone plates with high aspect ratio by electron beam lithography still remains a challenge because of the proximity effect.The uneven charge distribution in the exposed resist is still frequently observed even after standard proximity effect correction(PEC),because of the large variety in the line width.This work develops a new strategy,nicknamed as local proximity effect correction(LPEC),efficiently modifying the deposited energy over the whole zone plate on the top of proximity effect correction.By this way,50 nm zone plates with the aspect ratio from 4:1 up to 15:1 and the duty cycle close to 0.5 have been fabricated.Their imaging capability in soft(1.3 keV)and hard(9 keV)x-ray,respectively,has been demonstrated in Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)with the resolution of 50 nm.The local proximity effect correction developed in this work should also be generally significant for the generation of zone plates with high resolutions beyond 50 nm.

LOCAL PETROV-GALERKIN METHOD FOR A THIN PLATE

The meshless local Petrov_Galerkin (MLPG) method for solving the bending problem of the thin plate were presented and discussed. The method used the moving least_squares approximation to interpolate the solution variables, and employed a local symmetric weak form. The present method was a truly meshless one as it did not need a finite element or boundary element mesh, either for purpose of interpolation of the solution, or for the integration of the energy. All integrals could be easily evaluated over regularly shaped domains (in general, spheres in three_dimensional problems) and their boundaries. The essential boundary conditions were enforced by the penalty method. Several numerical examples were presented to illustrate the implementation and performance of the present method. The numerical examples presented show that high accuracy can be achieved for arbitrary grid geometries for clamped and simply_supported edge conditions. No post processing procedure is required to computer the strain and stress, since the original solution from the present method, using the moving least squares approximation, is already smooth enough.

h-ADAPTIVE ANALYSIS BASED ON MESHLESS LOCAL PETROV-G ALERKIN METHOD WITH B SPLINE WAVELET FOR PLATES AND SHELLS

Using the two-scale decomposition technique, the h-adaptive meshless local Petrov- Galerkin method for solving Mindlin plate and shell problems is presented. The scaling functions of B spline wavelet are employed as the basis of the moving least square method to construct the meshless interpolation function. Multi-resolution analysis is used to decompose the field variables into high and low scales and the high scale component can commonly represent the gradient of the solution according to inherent characteristics of wavelets. The high scale component in the present method can directly detect high gradient regions of the field variables. The developed adaptive refinement scheme has been applied to simulate actual examples, and the effectiveness of the present adaptive refinement scheme has been verified.

RESEARCH ON THE COMPANION SOLUTION FOR A THIN PLATE IN THE MESHLESS LOCAL BOUNDARY INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD

The meshless local boundary integral equation method is a currently developed numerical method, which combines the advantageous features of Galerkin finite element method(GFEM), boundary element method(BEM) and element free Galerkin method(EFGM), and is a truly meshless method possessing wide prospects in engineering applications. The companion solution and all the other formulas required in the meshless local boundary integral equation for a thin plate were presented, in order to make this method apply to solve the thin plate problem.

Bandgaps and vibration isolation of local resonance sandwich-like plate with simply supported overhanging beam

The concept of local resonance phononic crystals proposed in recent years provides a new chance for theoretical and technical breakthroughs in the structural vibration reduction.In this paper,a novel sandwich-like plate model with local resonator to acquire specific low-frequency bandgaps is proposed.The core layer of the present local resonator is composed by the simply supported overhanging beam,linear spring and mass block,and well connected with the upper and lower surface panels.The simply supported overhanging beam is free at right end,and an additional linear spring is added at the left end.The wave equation is established based on the Hamilton principle,and the bending wave bandgap is further obtained.The theoretical results are verified by the COMSOL finite element software.The bandgaps and vibration characteristics of the local resonance sandwich-like plate are studied in detail.The factors which could have effects on the bandgap characteristics,such as the structural damping,mass of vibrator,position of vibrator,bending stiffness of the beam,and the boundary conditions of the sandwich-like plates,are analyzed.The result shows that the stopband is determined by the natural frequency of the resonator,the mass ratio of the resonator,and the surface panel.It shows that the width of bandgap is greatly affected by the damping ratio of the resonator.Finally,it can also be found that the boundary conditions can affect the isolation efficiency.

Numerical Analysis of Local Joint Flexibility of K-joints with External Plates Under Axial Loads in Offshore Tubular Structures

The Local Joint Flexibility(_(LJF))of steel K-joints reinforced with external plates under axial loads is investigated in this paper.For this aim,firstly,a finite element(FE)model was produced and verified with the results of several experimental tests.In the next step,a set of 150 FE models was generated to assess the effect of the brace angle(θ),the stiffener plate size(ηandλ),and the joint geometry(γ,τ,ξ,andβ)on the_(LJF)factor(f_(LJF)).The results showed that using the external plates can decrease 81%of the f_(LJF).Moreover,the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing plate on the f_(LJF)is more remarkable in the joints with smallerβ.Also,the effect of theγon the f_(LJF)ratio can be ignored.Despite the important effect of the f_(LJF)on the behavior of tubular joints,there is not available any study or equation on the f_(LJF)in any reinforced K-joints under axial load.Consequently,using the present FE results,a design parametric equation is proposed.The equation can reasonably predict the f_(LJF)in the reinforced K-joints under axial load.

Isogeometric Analysis with Local Adaptivity for Vibration of Kirchhoff Plate

Based on our proposed adaptivity strategy for the vibration of Reissner-Mindlin plate,we develop it to apply for the vibration of Kirchhoff plate.The adaptive algorithm is based on the Geometry-Independent Field approximaTion(GIFT),generalized from Iso-Geometric Analysis(IGA),and it can characterize the geometry of the structure with NURBS(Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines),and independently apply PHT-splines(Polynomial splines over Hierarchical T-meshes)to achieve local refinement in the solution field.TheMAC(Modal AssuranceCriterion)is improved to locate unique,as well as multiple,modal correspondence between different meshes,in order to deal with error estimation.Local adaptivity is carried out by sweeping modes from low to high frequency.Numerical examples showthat a proper choice of the spline space in solution field(with GIFT)can deliver better accuracy than using NURBS solution field.In addition,for vibration of heterogeneous Kirchhoff plates,our proposed method indicates that the adaptive local h-refinement achieves a better solution accuracy than the uniform h-refinement.

A Design Flow for Robust License Plate Localization and Recognition in Complex Scenes

In this paper, we present a new design flow for robust license plate localization and recognition. The algorithm consists of three stages: 1) license plate localization;2) character segmentation;and 3) feature extraction and character recognition. The algorithm uses Mexican hat operator for edge detection and Euler number of a binary image for identifying the license plate region. A pre-processing step using median filter and contrast enhancement is employed to improve the character segmentation performance in case of low resolution and blur images. A unique feature vector comprised of region properties, projection data and reflection symmetry coefficient has been proposed. Back propagation artificial neural network classifier has been used to train and test the neural network based on the extracted feature. A thorough testing of algorithm is performed on a database with varying test cases in terms of illumination and different plate conditions. Practical considerations like existence of another text block in an image, presence of dirt or shadow on or near license plate region, license plate with rows of characters and sensitivity to license plate dimensions have been addressed. The results are encouraging with success rate of 98.10% for license plate localization and 97.05% for character recognition.

薄壁钢板局部屈曲关键问题研究进展

钢结构以及钢-混凝土组合结构由于其强度高、耗能能力好、施工方便等优异性能,被广泛应用于工程结构中。然而,随着高强度钢材的应用,薄壁钢板呈现薄壁化、宽厚比随着构件截面尺寸的增大而不断增大的趋势,由于工程结构及荷载的复杂性等因素,钢板过早发生局部屈曲的风险不断加大,薄壁钢板的局部屈曲问题凸显,亟待开展系统性深入研究。对薄壁钢板局部屈曲研究的进展进行了概述,分析总结了现有试验研究和理论研究方面存在的局限性,详细介绍了笔者团队近年来聚焦于薄壁钢板局部屈曲关键问题开展的一系列研究工作及成果。

3D打印导板定位微球囊压迫术治疗原发性三叉神经痛的临床随机对照研究

目的 分析3D打印导板定位微球囊压迫术(PMC)与常规PMC治疗原发性三叉神经痛(PTN)的临床疗效及安全性。方法 选择廊坊市人民医院神经外科2020年1月—2022年12月收治的80例PTN患者作为研究对象,使用随机数字表法分成观察组与对照组各40例。对照组行常规PMC治疗,观察组行3D打印导板定位PMC治疗。比较两组手术一般情况、术后即刻疗效、手术前后不同时点疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、术后12个月复发情况及术后并发症情况。结果 观察组首次穿刺成功率97.50%显著高于对照组27.50%(P<0.05)。观察组穿刺成功时间、手术总时间、住院时间、住院费用均显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后即刻总有效率97.50%与对照组95.00%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术前及术后1、2周的VAS评分组间比较(P>0.05)显示,观察组术后4周时疼痛VAS评分显著低于同期对照组(P<0.05)。术后12个月,观察组合计复发率5.00%显著低于对照组合计复发率20.00%(P<0.05)。观察组术后面部麻木、咬肌无力、口唇疱疹发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 3D打印导板定位PMC较常规PMC能显著提高首次穿刺成功率,缩短穿刺时间与手术总时间,且术后即刻疗效及远期疗效均显著。

具有局部阻尼的二维Mindlin-Timoshenko板系统的镇定

该文研究了具有局部阻尼的二维Mindlin-Timoshenko板系统,首先将原系统转化成抽象柯西问题,运用算子半群理论得到了系统的适定性.借助系统频域稳定性结果,通过引入几何光学条件结合乘子技巧得到了系统的一致指数稳定性.

8 kA稀土电解槽单侧电导及阴极优化数值模拟

稀土电解槽导电板的分布位置对稀土电解槽的物理场会有影响,为探究稀土电解槽中导电板分布的最优位置,在本次仿真实验中为该导电板的分布引入一个等差数列的分布梯度,通过对不同分布梯度下的槽内物理场仿真数值进行比较,进而得到稀土电解槽导电板最优分布模型。在仿真过程中观察到阴极底部的尖角对实验结果影响较大,在其他条件保持不变的基础上将阴极底部由圆柱优化为半球形,通过与未优化的结构进行对比,验证新型电解槽结构的合理性。仿真结果显示:随着导电板由侧边位置向中间偏移,电解反应时槽内的温度与阳极电势基本保持不变,槽盖板与阳极间的电势差逐渐减小,槽内电流密度缓慢增大。当将阴极钼棒底部由柱状结构改为球状结构后,槽内电势分布更为均匀,电流密度相较于之前的结构也有所增加,优化后的结构能改善局部过热问题,同时也使得电解效率增大。

加固后钢筋混凝土十字形柱斜向抗震性能研究

钢筋混凝土十字形柱的斜向抗震性能是影响结构安全性能的重要因素。文章设计了3种新型约束补强方式加固的钢筋混凝土十字形柱试件,在验证有限元建模方法有效性的基础上模拟了斜向低周往复加载,通过分析试件的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载力和延性等抗震性能指标研究了试件的斜向抗震性能,并参考相关规范得出了新型约束补强方式十字形柱的压弯承载力计算公式。结果表明:钢筋网格局部加强使试件的斜向峰值位移提高了7.4%~19.4%;柱端嵌贴碳纤维布(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer,CFRP)板条会使试件峰值承载力、延性系数分别提高了约29.2%~34.2%和7.5%~22.9%;柱端嵌贴CFRP板使试件斜向峰值承载力、延性系数分别提高了约99.9%~105.5%和17.4%~24.8%。3种加固方式均可改善钢筋混凝土十字形柱的斜向抗震性能,改善程度由大到小依次为柱端嵌贴CFRP板、柱端嵌贴CFRP板条和钢筋网格局部加强。

几何偏差对多螺栓复合材料接头螺栓载荷和应力分布的影响研究

本研究建立了考虑间隙的复合材料双搭接结构的半解析模型,描述了几何偏差对螺栓载荷和应力分布的影响.首先,从典型复合螺栓接头中提取螺栓/孔局部结构作为代表单元,建立考虑随机几何偏差与接触状态的螺栓/孔对的局部刚度模型.基于Reddy高阶剪切板理论,建立复合材料层合板有限元分析模型.将螺栓/孔对的局部刚度模型与层合板全局刚度模型相结合,形成了综合考虑螺栓/孔间隙和孔拉伸变形的多螺栓复合材料接头装配力学分析模型.随机螺栓/孔组合间隙分析结果表明,合理的螺栓间隙设置可以得到更均匀的钉载分布,为多螺栓接头的排孔设计提供理论指导.

双钢板混凝土组合墙偏心受压性能试验研究

为了研究双钢板混凝土组合墙在偏心受压荷载下的结构性能,设计制作了5个试件,以偏心距离和墙板厚度作为研究参数,进行偏心受压试验.利用ABAQUS软件对试件进行有限元分析,并采用截面分析法计算试件在轴力与弯矩共同作用下的截面承载力.试验结果表明,试件最终出现钢板局部屈曲与混凝土受压破坏.根据试验荷载-位移曲线,计算得到试件延性系数为1.28~1.92.墙厚相同时,随着加载偏心距离的增加,承载力逐渐下降.偏心距离相同时,增加墙体厚度可以有效提高试件承载能力.偏心受压试件的截面应变分布满足平截面假定.承载力试验值与有限元模型计算值和理论计算值的最大误差分别为4%和9%.