The inner-urban residential location choice is a topic of continuing interest in urban geography.However,not much research has been done on migrants’rental location choices.Based on data from a questionnaire complete...The inner-urban residential location choice is a topic of continuing interest in urban geography.However,not much research has been done on migrants’rental location choices.Based on data from a questionnaire completed by 276 migrant renters in Guangzhou,this paper analyzes the demographics and social class characteristics of migrants,and the condition and location of housing preferred by this population.The results show that the migrants in Guangzhou mainly rent in the Center Business District(CBD)area(Tianhe District)and Huangpu,Panyu and Haizhu districts.The main reason for this choice of location choices is the houses’convenience to their workplaces.A second reason is that nearby subways make travel convenient,for consumption and daily life,for children to go to school,and for access to large shopping centers/malls.展开更多
Based on a representative survey of new college graduates in China,we present a job location choice model that allows for a self-selection effect in college regions by considering region-dependent heterogeneous prefer...Based on a representative survey of new college graduates in China,we present a job location choice model that allows for a self-selection effect in college regions by considering region-dependent heterogeneous preference for job locations and unobservable location features.We also treat endogenous housing costs using the method developed by Berry et al.(1995).Our estimation results show that college education significantly increases graduates'likelihood of working in the city where their college is located.However,a model that does not consider the self-selection effect overestimates this impact.The impact of college location on a graduate's migration decision varies considerably across cities.There is significant heterogeneity between students from universities of dijferent tiers and rural versus urban areas.Meanwhile,the graduates show a marked home preference when choosing their job locations,and they tend to avoid working in cities with high housing costs.These findings shed light on debates on place-based higher education policies and spatial distribution of human capital with a high level of education.展开更多
In recent years,China’s outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)has risen significantly,arousing considerable interest in the motivations and drivers of Chinese overseas investment.This paper selected 27 host country-...In recent years,China’s outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)has risen significantly,arousing considerable interest in the motivations and drivers of Chinese overseas investment.This paper selected 27 host country-related indicators and extracted the common factors using the factor analysis method.This paper discusses the determinants of China’s OFDI location choice by using panel data regression method,and focuses on the differences between Belt and Road countries and nonBelt and Road countries.The results show that the favorable institutional environment and strong market demand of host countries have a positive influence on Chinese foreign investment.Besides,China’s investment in Belt and Road Initiative countries is more prone to a country with less developed technology and unreasonable energy utilization.China’s OFDI can promote technological progress in these countries and making full use of their advantage resources for economic development.As China’s economy has entered a“new normal”,its global influence has risen,and the relationship between the host countries and China has also mattered more on China’s OFDI decisions.This effort provides important supports for optimizing the location choices of Chinese enterprises’foreign investment.展开更多
This paper employs dynamic spatial econometric methods to analyze the impact of the sister-city relationship on Chinese outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)using a linked country-level dataset from 2003 to 2016.The...This paper employs dynamic spatial econometric methods to analyze the impact of the sister-city relationship on Chinese outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)using a linked country-level dataset from 2003 to 2016.The results show strong and robust evidence that the sister-city relationship has been a crucial OFDI location determinant in host countries and their neighbors.Specifically,the sister-city tie between China and the host country has stimulated Chinese OFDI in host countries.Moreover,Chinese OFDI in host countries would be reduced if China concluded sister-city ties with their neighbors to which we refer as the neighboring effect.Further mechanism tests show that sister cities have promoted OFDI in host countries via four channels:reducing political risk,decreasing information asymmetry,narrowing institutional distance,and mitigating cultural differences.This tendency for sister-city links to promote OFDI has varied substantially depending on OFDI entry modes(i.e.,greenfield or cross-border mergers and acquisitions),motivation(i.e.,resource-,market-,technology-,or efficiency-oriented OFDI),and Sino–foreign geographical relationships(i.e.,Belt and Road Initiative countries or other countries).展开更多
Since its inception accessibility has undergone various changes in the way it is defined,measured,and modeled.The paper reviews the recent advancements made in the accessibility measures along with the models used in ...Since its inception accessibility has undergone various changes in the way it is defined,measured,and modeled.The paper reviews the recent advancements made in the accessibility measures along with the models used in different applications of accessibility related to land use and transportation.The measures of accessibility are grouped under infrastructure-based,location-based,and person-based measures.The paper finds that although the person-based measures are statistically robust and theoretically sound,they are less preferred than the location-based measure in the accessibility measurement.The review finds recent development such as web based mapping and use of location based data;image mapping through convolutional neural networks;and activity-time constraints modeling in the measures of accessibility.Further,the paper reviews literature from the last five years that have used accessibility to study travel mode choices and household location choices and finds the use of three types of modeling framework-Statistical,Neural Network,and Agent Based models.Based on the literature review,this paper suggests the inclusion of environmental sustainability and gender equity in the accessibility measurement framework and a shift towards model synthesis to enhance the model accuracy and to reduce the present complexities in model building.展开更多
We analyze product differentiation in a multi-dimensional model with non-uniform consumer distribution.The level of product differentiation is measured by both unit transport costs and firms'locations.Our analysis...We analyze product differentiation in a multi-dimensional model with non-uniform consumer distribution.The level of product differentiation is measured by both unit transport costs and firms'locations.Our analysis concerns both measures.First,fixing firms'locations,we show that equilibrium prices can increase or decrease with unit transport costs.The overall result depends on the interplay of a shifting effect and a rotating effect-the latter exists only in multi-dimensional models.Second,fixing unit transport costs,we find that under non-uniform distribution,there may exist no equilibrium where firms maximize differentiation on one dimension but minimize differentiation on other dimensions.Instead,there may exist an equilibrium where firms choose intermediate locations,contrary to common findings in existing studies which assume uniform distribution.展开更多
China's outward foreign direct investment(FDI)is different from traditional FDI in various ways,for example being rooted in“Guanxi”in Chinese culture,influenced by govern-ment,and located in developed economies ...China's outward foreign direct investment(FDI)is different from traditional FDI in various ways,for example being rooted in“Guanxi”in Chinese culture,influenced by govern-ment,and located in developed economies where they have limited ownership advantages compared with local firms.Chinese investment in the United States(the U.s.)is an example of how the location is influenced by economic factors,social linkages,as well as geopolitical events,such as the U.S.-China trade conflict,which deserves more academic attention.It is such a complex phenomenon that cannot be fully explained by traditional FDI theories,which mainly focus on economic factors.In this paper,we illustrate the historical development,distri-bution and firm heterogeneity of Chinese investment in the U.S.from 2000 to 2020,and use a conditional logit model to investigate the location factors.Our study reveals that the number of Chinese investment projects in the U.S.peaked in 2017 and has declined year-over-year since then.These projects are mainly located along the East and West coasts of the U.S.and around the Great Lakes,with the largest numbers in California and New York.Previous Chinese in-vestment agglomeration and ethnic networks both influence the location choice of China's outward FDl,even when controlling for regional attributes and economic embeddedness.In terms of firm heterogeneity,Chinese firms that enter the American market with greenfield in-vestment modes,state-owned enterprises and firms in high-tech sectors are more likely to fol-low previous Chinese investment,but place less emphasis on Chinese ethnic linkages,implying that previous Chinese investment agglomeration can replace the role of Chinese ethnic net-works for these firms.Finally,the U.S.-China trade conflict has significantly lessened the active role of Chinese ethnic networks and has reduced Chinese investment in states with higher in-dustrial output.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41871150,No.42001130)GDAS Special Project of Science and Technology Development(No.2020GDASYL-20200104001)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program(No.2019YFB2103101)Special Project of the Institute of Strategy Research for Guangdong,Hong Kong,and Macao Greater Bay Area Construction(No.2021GDASYL-20210401001).
文摘The inner-urban residential location choice is a topic of continuing interest in urban geography.However,not much research has been done on migrants’rental location choices.Based on data from a questionnaire completed by 276 migrant renters in Guangzhou,this paper analyzes the demographics and social class characteristics of migrants,and the condition and location of housing preferred by this population.The results show that the migrants in Guangzhou mainly rent in the Center Business District(CBD)area(Tianhe District)and Huangpu,Panyu and Haizhu districts.The main reason for this choice of location choices is the houses’convenience to their workplaces.A second reason is that nearby subways make travel convenient,for consumption and daily life,for children to go to school,and for access to large shopping centers/malls.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71773009)the Key Program of the National Social Science Fund of China(No.21AZD028).
文摘Based on a representative survey of new college graduates in China,we present a job location choice model that allows for a self-selection effect in college regions by considering region-dependent heterogeneous preference for job locations and unobservable location features.We also treat endogenous housing costs using the method developed by Berry et al.(1995).Our estimation results show that college education significantly increases graduates'likelihood of working in the city where their college is located.However,a model that does not consider the self-selection effect overestimates this impact.The impact of college location on a graduate's migration decision varies considerably across cities.There is significant heterogeneity between students from universities of dijferent tiers and rural versus urban areas.Meanwhile,the graduates show a marked home preference when choosing their job locations,and they tend to avoid working in cities with high housing costs.These findings shed light on debates on place-based higher education policies and spatial distribution of human capital with a high level of education.
基金Supported by the Social and Science Fund of Xinjiang (17BKS008)General Project of Inner-Party Law Research Center (XJDG2019D02)
文摘In recent years,China’s outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)has risen significantly,arousing considerable interest in the motivations and drivers of Chinese overseas investment.This paper selected 27 host country-related indicators and extracted the common factors using the factor analysis method.This paper discusses the determinants of China’s OFDI location choice by using panel data regression method,and focuses on the differences between Belt and Road countries and nonBelt and Road countries.The results show that the favorable institutional environment and strong market demand of host countries have a positive influence on Chinese foreign investment.Besides,China’s investment in Belt and Road Initiative countries is more prone to a country with less developed technology and unreasonable energy utilization.China’s OFDI can promote technological progress in these countries and making full use of their advantage resources for economic development.As China’s economy has entered a“new normal”,its global influence has risen,and the relationship between the host countries and China has also mattered more on China’s OFDI decisions.This effort provides important supports for optimizing the location choices of Chinese enterprises’foreign investment.
基金the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.20CJL012).
文摘This paper employs dynamic spatial econometric methods to analyze the impact of the sister-city relationship on Chinese outward foreign direct investment(OFDI)using a linked country-level dataset from 2003 to 2016.The results show strong and robust evidence that the sister-city relationship has been a crucial OFDI location determinant in host countries and their neighbors.Specifically,the sister-city tie between China and the host country has stimulated Chinese OFDI in host countries.Moreover,Chinese OFDI in host countries would be reduced if China concluded sister-city ties with their neighbors to which we refer as the neighboring effect.Further mechanism tests show that sister cities have promoted OFDI in host countries via four channels:reducing political risk,decreasing information asymmetry,narrowing institutional distance,and mitigating cultural differences.This tendency for sister-city links to promote OFDI has varied substantially depending on OFDI entry modes(i.e.,greenfield or cross-border mergers and acquisitions),motivation(i.e.,resource-,market-,technology-,or efficiency-oriented OFDI),and Sino–foreign geographical relationships(i.e.,Belt and Road Initiative countries or other countries).
文摘Since its inception accessibility has undergone various changes in the way it is defined,measured,and modeled.The paper reviews the recent advancements made in the accessibility measures along with the models used in different applications of accessibility related to land use and transportation.The measures of accessibility are grouped under infrastructure-based,location-based,and person-based measures.The paper finds that although the person-based measures are statistically robust and theoretically sound,they are less preferred than the location-based measure in the accessibility measurement.The review finds recent development such as web based mapping and use of location based data;image mapping through convolutional neural networks;and activity-time constraints modeling in the measures of accessibility.Further,the paper reviews literature from the last five years that have used accessibility to study travel mode choices and household location choices and finds the use of three types of modeling framework-Statistical,Neural Network,and Agent Based models.Based on the literature review,this paper suggests the inclusion of environmental sustainability and gender equity in the accessibility measurement framework and a shift towards model synthesis to enhance the model accuracy and to reduce the present complexities in model building.
文摘We analyze product differentiation in a multi-dimensional model with non-uniform consumer distribution.The level of product differentiation is measured by both unit transport costs and firms'locations.Our analysis concerns both measures.First,fixing firms'locations,we show that equilibrium prices can increase or decrease with unit transport costs.The overall result depends on the interplay of a shifting effect and a rotating effect-the latter exists only in multi-dimensional models.Second,fixing unit transport costs,we find that under non-uniform distribution,there may exist no equilibrium where firms maximize differentiation on one dimension but minimize differentiation on other dimensions.Instead,there may exist an equilibrium where firms choose intermediate locations,contrary to common findings in existing studies which assume uniform distribution.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42130510National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41871110The National Social Science Fund of China,No.23BJL113。
文摘China's outward foreign direct investment(FDI)is different from traditional FDI in various ways,for example being rooted in“Guanxi”in Chinese culture,influenced by govern-ment,and located in developed economies where they have limited ownership advantages compared with local firms.Chinese investment in the United States(the U.s.)is an example of how the location is influenced by economic factors,social linkages,as well as geopolitical events,such as the U.S.-China trade conflict,which deserves more academic attention.It is such a complex phenomenon that cannot be fully explained by traditional FDI theories,which mainly focus on economic factors.In this paper,we illustrate the historical development,distri-bution and firm heterogeneity of Chinese investment in the U.S.from 2000 to 2020,and use a conditional logit model to investigate the location factors.Our study reveals that the number of Chinese investment projects in the U.S.peaked in 2017 and has declined year-over-year since then.These projects are mainly located along the East and West coasts of the U.S.and around the Great Lakes,with the largest numbers in California and New York.Previous Chinese in-vestment agglomeration and ethnic networks both influence the location choice of China's outward FDl,even when controlling for regional attributes and economic embeddedness.In terms of firm heterogeneity,Chinese firms that enter the American market with greenfield in-vestment modes,state-owned enterprises and firms in high-tech sectors are more likely to fol-low previous Chinese investment,but place less emphasis on Chinese ethnic linkages,implying that previous Chinese investment agglomeration can replace the role of Chinese ethnic net-works for these firms.Finally,the U.S.-China trade conflict has significantly lessened the active role of Chinese ethnic networks and has reduced Chinese investment in states with higher in-dustrial output.