Due to the complexity of the composite fading channel, a new simplified channel model is proposed to analyze the bit error ratio（BER） performance of the distributed antenna system （DAS）. First, instead of the gamm...Due to the complexity of the composite fading channel, a new simplified channel model is proposed to analyze the bit error ratio（BER） performance of the distributed antenna system （DAS）. First, instead of the gamma-log-normal distribution, the log-normal distribution is applied to describe the output signal to noise ratio（SNR） after maximal ratio combining （MRC） at the receiver. Then, assuming that the channel state information（CSI） is available to the transmitter, by employing the Gauss-Hermite integral, an approximate analytical expression of the BER is derived for the downlink of the DAS with antenna selective transmission and MRC. Finally, the results of a Monte Carlo simulation show that the analytical results match the simulation results. Therefore, it can be concluded that the proposed approximate channel model is effective and accurate, and the derived analytical expression can be used to evaluate the real system performance.展开更多
In Shadow-Fading model, it is difficult to achieve higher Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) due to the effects of large scale fading. The main goal of this paper is to improve the PDR in Shadow-Fading environment. To achiev...In Shadow-Fading model, it is difficult to achieve higher Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) due to the effects of large scale fading. The main goal of this paper is to improve the PDR in Shadow-Fading environment. To achieve this objective a protocol has been proposed that discovers backup routes for active sessions. These backup routes salvage the packets of active session in case of active route failure. It is found by research that proactively maintaining backup routes for ac-tive sessions can noticeably improve the PDR in Shadow-Fading environment. This protocol has been implemented with a mechanism of having backup routes and simulations have been conducted by using both node disjoint paths and link disjoint paths. Comparisons have been made between new protocol as well as AODV protocol. Simulation has been carried out using Network Simulator 2 (NS2) and the results show that the proposed QoSAR protocol exhibits higher PDR than AODV protocol in Shadow-fading environment.展开更多
The relationship between RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) values and distance is the foundation and the key of ranging and positioning technologies in wireless sensor networks. Log-normal shadowing model (LN...The relationship between RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) values and distance is the foundation and the key of ranging and positioning technologies in wireless sensor networks. Log-normal shadowing model (LNSM), as a more general signal propagation model, can better describe the relationship between the RSSI value and distance, but the parameter of variance in LNSM is depended on experiences without self-adaptability. In this paper, it is found that the variance of RSSI value changes along with distance regu- larly by analyzing a large number of experimental data. Based on the result of analysis, we proposed the relationship function of the variance of RSSI and distance, and established the log-normal shadowing model with dynamic variance (LNSM-DV). At the same time, the method of least squares(LS) was selected to es- timate the coefficients in that model, thus LNSM-DV might be adjusted dynamically according to the change of environment and be self-adaptable. The experimental results show that LNSM-DV can further reduce er- ror, and have strong self-adaptability to various environments compared with the LNSM.展开更多
针对已有动态信道分配策略在阴影衰落环境中性能损失较大的问题,对卫星移动通信系统的阴影衰落信道模型进行分析,提出了一种动态信道分配策略。该策略结合用户的运动状态,通过在用户的预测运动轨迹上选取抽样点,将这些抽样点的平均干扰...针对已有动态信道分配策略在阴影衰落环境中性能损失较大的问题,对卫星移动通信系统的阴影衰落信道模型进行分析,提出了一种动态信道分配策略。该策略结合用户的运动状态,通过在用户的预测运动轨迹上选取抽样点,将这些抽样点的平均干扰作为信道分配的指标,并采用链路质量约束避免了流量较大时的性能恶化。仿真结果表明提出的动态信道策略可在不增大阻塞率的前提下,在中低流量时将用户平均信噪比提高约0.5 d B。该策略可以应用于阴影衰落信道下的地面移动卫星通信系统,以提高用户的平均链路性能。展开更多
阴影衰落方差是表征信道大尺度特性的重要参数。采用连续波信道测量方法,基于自由空间参考距离损耗模型(Close In(CI)Reference Distance Path Loss Model)和浮动截距损耗模型(Floating Intercept(FI)Path Loss Model),分析了4.5 m和7....阴影衰落方差是表征信道大尺度特性的重要参数。采用连续波信道测量方法,基于自由空间参考距离损耗模型(Close In(CI)Reference Distance Path Loss Model)和浮动截距损耗模型(Floating Intercept(FI)Path Loss Model),分析了4.5 m和7.8 m接收机高度下的路径损耗指数n、损耗截距α、斜率β和阴影衰落方差σ等参数。分析表明增大接收机高度,截距α减小11.8 d B,σFI增大1.99 d B,σCI增大0.37d B。此外,在高频段CI模型的鲁棒性要强于FI模型。展开更多
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863Program) (No.2007AA01Z207,2007AA01Z268)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in UniversityResearch Fund of National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory of Southeast University(No.2008A06)
文摘Due to the complexity of the composite fading channel, a new simplified channel model is proposed to analyze the bit error ratio（BER） performance of the distributed antenna system （DAS）. First, instead of the gamma-log-normal distribution, the log-normal distribution is applied to describe the output signal to noise ratio（SNR） after maximal ratio combining （MRC） at the receiver. Then, assuming that the channel state information（CSI） is available to the transmitter, by employing the Gauss-Hermite integral, an approximate analytical expression of the BER is derived for the downlink of the DAS with antenna selective transmission and MRC. Finally, the results of a Monte Carlo simulation show that the analytical results match the simulation results. Therefore, it can be concluded that the proposed approximate channel model is effective and accurate, and the derived analytical expression can be used to evaluate the real system performance.
文摘In Shadow-Fading model, it is difficult to achieve higher Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) due to the effects of large scale fading. The main goal of this paper is to improve the PDR in Shadow-Fading environment. To achieve this objective a protocol has been proposed that discovers backup routes for active sessions. These backup routes salvage the packets of active session in case of active route failure. It is found by research that proactively maintaining backup routes for ac-tive sessions can noticeably improve the PDR in Shadow-Fading environment. This protocol has been implemented with a mechanism of having backup routes and simulations have been conducted by using both node disjoint paths and link disjoint paths. Comparisons have been made between new protocol as well as AODV protocol. Simulation has been carried out using Network Simulator 2 (NS2) and the results show that the proposed QoSAR protocol exhibits higher PDR than AODV protocol in Shadow-fading environment.
文摘The relationship between RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) values and distance is the foundation and the key of ranging and positioning technologies in wireless sensor networks. Log-normal shadowing model (LNSM), as a more general signal propagation model, can better describe the relationship between the RSSI value and distance, but the parameter of variance in LNSM is depended on experiences without self-adaptability. In this paper, it is found that the variance of RSSI value changes along with distance regu- larly by analyzing a large number of experimental data. Based on the result of analysis, we proposed the relationship function of the variance of RSSI and distance, and established the log-normal shadowing model with dynamic variance (LNSM-DV). At the same time, the method of least squares(LS) was selected to es- timate the coefficients in that model, thus LNSM-DV might be adjusted dynamically according to the change of environment and be self-adaptable. The experimental results show that LNSM-DV can further reduce er- ror, and have strong self-adaptability to various environments compared with the LNSM.
文摘针对已有动态信道分配策略在阴影衰落环境中性能损失较大的问题,对卫星移动通信系统的阴影衰落信道模型进行分析,提出了一种动态信道分配策略。该策略结合用户的运动状态,通过在用户的预测运动轨迹上选取抽样点,将这些抽样点的平均干扰作为信道分配的指标,并采用链路质量约束避免了流量较大时的性能恶化。仿真结果表明提出的动态信道策略可在不增大阻塞率的前提下,在中低流量时将用户平均信噪比提高约0.5 d B。该策略可以应用于阴影衰落信道下的地面移动卫星通信系统,以提高用户的平均链路性能。
文摘阴影衰落方差是表征信道大尺度特性的重要参数。采用连续波信道测量方法,基于自由空间参考距离损耗模型(Close In(CI)Reference Distance Path Loss Model)和浮动截距损耗模型(Floating Intercept(FI)Path Loss Model),分析了4.5 m和7.8 m接收机高度下的路径损耗指数n、损耗截距α、斜率β和阴影衰落方差σ等参数。分析表明增大接收机高度,截距α减小11.8 d B,σFI增大1.99 d B,σCI增大0.37d B。此外,在高频段CI模型的鲁棒性要强于FI模型。
文摘卫星信道的硬件数字孪生技术是卫星通信场景中物理层或数据链路层通信性能评估的重要手段,本文提出了一种适用于全阴影卫星信道的硬件实时模拟架构。首先,基于现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)平台,设计了一种基于迭代算法的复高斯序列产生方法。然后,基于坐标旋转数字计算(Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer,CORDIC)算法实现了幂指数与平方根函数的硬件计算,并结合时分复用思想研制了全阴影卫星信道衰落模拟器。与传统查找表(Look Up Table,LUT)方法和CORDIC算法相比,复高斯序列产生模块的资源消耗率分别降低了6.21%和5.23%。硬件测试结果表明,信道模拟器输出的衰落统计特性如概率密度函数与理论结果吻合,并且不同类型卫星信道多普勒形状也与理论结果符合,可用于全阴影卫星信道的硬件模拟。
