Research on controlling long-term performance by tensioning post tendon of long-span continuous rigid-frame bridges

The problems like cracking of the girder in the mid-span and the ever-increasing vertical deflection appear during the long term usage of the long-span continuous rigid-flame bridge. Post-tension tendon with re- served duct can increase the pre-stress of the main beam effectively, and decrease the long term span deflection in order to improve the performance of the girder. At the same time, the proper tension position is very crucial to optimise the stress distribution of the bridge and control the deflection increase. Combining with practical en- gineering, the authors analyze the influence of different positions of post-tension tendon （ including top-, web- and bottom plate tendons） on the stress and deflection of the main beam, and find out the optimal position of post tendon.

Long-term Performance of Moderate Heat Portland Cement with Double-expansive Sources

The long-term performance of moderate heat Portland cement with double-expansive sources （DE cement） in the system of high MgO clinker and gypsum was studied by XRD, SEM/EDAX and test methods for strength and expansion of cement. Results indicate that the periclase particle, whose size was 5-7.5μm in DE cement clinker containing 4.8 % MgO, existed individually. The periclase hydration in hardened DE cement paste started at about 60 days and completed up to 2 000 days, and ettringite in the paste was stable from 3 days to 2 000 days. Under the conditions of 4.5%-5.0 % MgO in clinker and 2.8%-3.4 %SO3 in cement, ettringite expansion and brucite expansion in DE cement paste had a continuity, entirety and stability. At the ages of 90, 365,730 and 2 000 days the expansion of the paste reached 0.07%-0.11%, 0.16%-0.21%, 0.21%-0.27 %, and 0.29%-0.38%, respectively. The results suggest that by using this cement in mass concrete it may compensate its temperature shrinkage and autogenous shrinkage to some extent.

Assessment of Durability and Long Term Performance of High Density Polyethylene Drainboards in the Gotthard Railway Tunnels

Drainage layers provide permanent relief of hydrostatic water pressure, while the waterproof liner prevents any ingress of water into the tunnel. The durability and aging resistance of drainage membranes are of primary concern. This paper describes advantages and concerns related to the usage of, and the design with, polymeric drainboards in tunnel construction. Common degradation mechanisms associated with HDPE （high density polyethylene） sheets are described. The stringent requirements for the Gotthard Alpine Railway Tunnel through the Swiss Alps, e.g., high ambient temperatures of up to 45 ℃ and an expected service life of up to 100 years require outstanding aging resistance of polymeric drainage materials. The paper describes the methods deployed to investigate the long-term performance of HDPE drainboards, focusing on aging mechanisms. Details associated with the test procedures developed to reflect the specific properties of drainboards, as well as the results obtained, are presented. A summary table shows recommended product specifications needed to confine the aging properties of drainboards and to design a system performing adequately during the entire lifetime of the structure.

考虑土-膨润土化学相容性的阻隔墙长期服役性能研究

考虑到填埋场渗滤液中较高Na^(+)和Ca^(2+)浓度会让土-膨润土的渗透系数显著增大,从而加速高危害性污染物击穿土-膨润土阻隔墙,建立了Na^(+)和Ca^(2+)作用下土-膨润土阻隔墙-含水层系统中有机物污染物运移数值模型。该模型可以考虑渗透系数和水动力弥散系数等参数随Na^(+)和Ca^(2+)浓度的变化。利用有限差分法,获得了该模型的数值解。通过将所建模型的计算结果分别与已有解析解计算结果和COMSOL软件计算结果进行对比分析,验证了模型的正确性。最后基于所建数值模型,以甲苯作为代表性有机污染物分析和讨论了考虑和未考虑土-膨润土化学相容性、水头差和膨润土掺量对阻隔墙长期服役性能的影响。结果表明:考虑土-膨润土化学相容性之后,阻隔墙从不会被击穿变成了服役75 a后被击穿,服役寿命大幅缩短;降低阻隔墙两侧水头差,能够有效延缓污染物的击穿时间;阻隔墙膨润土掺量的下限值应在原先防渗要求的基础上适当提高,以应对污染物作用下墙体防污阻隔性能的削弱。

海水环境下BFRP筋-海水海砂混凝土粘结耐久性

对BFRP筋-海水海砂混凝土界面粘结耐久性开展长期浸泡侵蚀试验,分析真实海水浸泡后界面粘结性能的长期退化规律,浸泡时间分别是30 d、90 d、180 d、270 d、360 d、450 d、540 d和630 d.基于拉拔试验数据,对真实海洋环境下BFRP筋-海水海砂混凝土的长期极限粘结强度保留率进行模拟预测.结果表明:在真实海水浸泡630 d后,BFRP筋-海水海砂混凝土的极限粘结强度降低了66.13%,且0~270 d退化速率明显高于270 d以后的退化速率.采用Bank模型并引入湿度修正系数,预测50 a后在海洋环境、室外环境及室内环境条件下极限粘结强度保留率分别为31.42%、57.15%和74.85%,为BFRP筋-海水海砂混凝土构件在沿海地区建筑中的应用提供参考.

TCP TRAFFIC PERFORMANCE IMPROVING IN LTE-A NETWORKS

This paper presents a novel way to improve Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) performance of the users at the edge areas of the macro cells in Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) systems. Previous works on improving wireless TCP performance are reviewed and current considerations on TCP in LTE-A are explained. However, those solutions are neither too complex nor limited to some presuppositions which are too restricting for the deployment of LTE-A networks. In this paper a substituted TCP acknowledgement transmission scheme based on Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) information in layer 2 is proposed. The simulation result shows that the proposed method can reduce the delay and improve the throughput of the edging users of the cell, as well as reducing radio resources in LTE-A macro cells.

Long-term survival of more than 3 years among patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy

AIM: To evaluate the prognostic factors of long-term survival of more than 3 years in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 474 patients with advanced ⅢB/Ⅳ NSCLC who received chemotherapy as initial treatment between September 2002 and March 2007.RESULTS: The median survival time(MST) was 12.5 mo and the 3 year and 5 year survival rates were 14.6% and 5.3%, respectively. Long-term survival of more than 3 and 5 years was observed in 65 and 16 patients, respectively. The MST for the 65 patients was61.5 mo(range, 60.1-81.0 mo). In the 474 patients, a good performance status(PS), female sex, non-smoking status and adenocarcinoma histology were significantly associated with a favorable outcome. Furthermore, female sex, a good PS, non-smoking status and adenocarcinoma histology were significantly correlated with longterm survival of more than 3 years and most of these patients(89.2%, 58/65) received epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors as any line treatment. Survival analysis of long-term survivors showed that a PS of 0 was an independent prognostic factor for predicting favorable outcomes. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a good PS and adenocarcinoma histology play an important role in long-term survival of more than 3 years. A PS of 0 was an independent prognostic factor for predicting favorable outcomes in patients with advanced NSCLC who survived for more than 3 years.

大坝变形GA-LSTM组合预测模型研究

为监测大坝运行过程中的异常状态,防范化解大坝溃坝等重大风险,基于大坝变形大样本、非线性监测数据,引入长短期记忆(Long Short Term Memory, LSTM)神经网络模型对大坝变形趋势进行预测,以测试样本的均方根误差最小为适应度函数,采用遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm, GA)优化LSTM模型参数,建立大坝变形GA-LSTM组合预测模型。以福建水口水电站大坝为例进行验证分析,并与LSTM模型和门控循环神经网络(Gated Recurrent Unit, GRU)模型预测结果进行对比分析。分析结果表明,GA-LSTM模型的预测效果和性能更佳,且相较于LSTM模型和GRU模型各测点预测误差均有减小,平均绝对误差减小量最高达6.92%。

Long Term Assessment of a Grid Connected Solar PV System in Sydney

This paper assesses 4 years of operation of a 1.75 kW roof top solar PV system installed in a Sydney suburban house. The system consists of 10 PV panels, a DC/AC inverter, and a grid connected gross meter. Solar electricity delivered to grid is verified with the results from a computer simulation package （PVSYST） by adopting the installed component specifications, operation conditions, and weather data of the site. The results show high consistency between the values of energy delivered to the grid measured by the energy company and the energy estimated by system simulation. New system performance indicator is developed and called the optimum performance compliance ratio （PCR）. It is a measure of the compliance of the output of the designed PV system with the output which would be produced by the same system with a solar tracker. This indicator provides system designers, contractors and energy providers with the actual capacity of the system that they can offer the end-users.

Mechanisms by which fibroblast growth factor 20 improves motor performance in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

Genome-wide studies have reported that Parkinson’s disease is associated with abnormal expression of various growth factors. In this study, male C57 BL/6 mice aged 10 weeks were used to establish Parkinson’s disease models using an intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. 28 days later, 10 or 100 ng fibroblast growth factor 20 was injected intracerebroventricularly. The electrophysiological changes in the mouse hippocampus were recorded using a full-cell patch clamp. Expression of Kv4.2 in the substantia nigra was analyzed using a western blot assay. Serum malondialdehyde levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The motor coordination of mice was evaluated using the rotarod test. The results showed that fibroblast growth factor 20 decreased A-type potassium current in neurons of the substantia nigra, increased long-term potentiation amplitude in the hippocampus, and downregulated Kv4.2 expression. A high dose of fibroblast growth factor 20 reduced serum malondialdehyde levels and enhanced the motor coordination of mice. These findings confirm that fibroblast growth factor 20 has a therapeutic effect on the toxicity induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, and its mechanism of action is associated with the inhibition of A-type K+ currents and Kv4.2 expression. All animal procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, China in 2017(approval No. KYLL-2017-0012).

基于TCN-LSTM神经网络的线缆性能衰退预测方法

针对复杂机电产品线缆在长时间使用后会出现性能衰退现象,而导致运作出现的安全问题可以对线缆衰退进行预警预知以预防突发事故,提出了基于时序卷积网络结合长短期记忆网络的复杂机电产品线缆性能衰退预测方法。首先通过对线缆的衰退原因进行分析,依据分析结果选取参数指标来确定数据集,将其中反映线缆性能状态的数据在时序卷积网络下进行时序特征的提取。最后将这些特征数据与经过皮尔逊相关系数分析确定的相关性、影响系数足够高的非时序数据一同通过长短期记忆网络进行训练预测,得到预测结果。通过案例分析以及不同神经网络之间预测的结果对比,验证了构建的方法的预测效果同实际情况贴合程度高。

基于注意力机制的GRA-EMD-BILSTM锂电池性能衰退趋势预测

随着电动汽车充放电次数的增加,其电池组的电池性能会逐渐衰退,长此以往会影响电动汽车的日常使用,甚至增加电动汽车发生故障的概率。目前针对长里程下的锂电池性能衰退趋势预测工作很少。针对深度学习在预测工作暴露出的不足,提出了一种以注意力机制为基础,联合了灰色关联度分析(GRA)和经验模态分解(EMD)的双向长短期记忆网络(BILSTM),提出的网络能够有效地解决深度学习中出现的冗余特征、数据噪声对预测模型的影响。实验结果表明,在开源和非开源数据集中,该模型相比其他网络具有更好的预测性能。

基于企业绩效视角的知识产权文本信息披露有效性研究

本文基于《知识产权相关信息披露规定》颁布这一外生冲击构建连续型DID模型,基于企业绩效视角考察知识产权文本信息披露的有效性。结果表明:在信息披露的信息效应和内损效应的影响下,《规定》颁布后企业披露的知识产权文本信息对企业绩效存在异质性影响。知识产权信息披露短期内并未给企业带来盈利能力的提升,而从长期看知识产权信息披露反映了市场对公司的良好预期。债权融资水平的降低是知识产权信息披露降低企业短期绩效的潜在机制,权益资本成本的降低是知识产权信息披露提升企业长期绩效的潜在机制。按信息类型分类分析发现,优势信息和内容信息与短期绩效的负向关系更显著,内容信息、优势信息和风险信息对长期绩效的正向影响程度依次减弱。截面分组发现,成长期和衰退期企业知识产权信息披露与短期绩效的负向关系更显著,成长期和成熟期企业知识产权信息披露与长期绩效的正向关系更显著。研究不仅证明了知识产权信息披露对企业绩效存在的差异性影响,也对政府逐步完善知识产权信息披露政策,企业更好地开展知识产权信息披露的实践活动均具有借鉴意义。

融入课程知识图谱的KMAKT预测

现有多数深度知识追踪模型的知识追踪结果的可解释性弱,且忽视了习题与知识点的内在关联性对知识追踪效果与预测结果的影响。针对上述问题,提出一种用于学生表现预测的结合课程知识图谱与多头注意力机制的知识追踪(KMAKT)模型。首先,采用Word2Vec和双向长短期记忆(Bi LSTM)网络将习题作答序列数据转换为低维稠密向量,利用图嵌入模型Trans R进行课程知识图谱嵌入表示,并使用多头注意力机制计算过往习题作答序列对当前知识状态的贡献程度;然后,通过注意力网络挖掘前驱知识对预测结果的影响程度;最后,通过多层神经网络获取预测结果,提高模型的可解释性与预测精度。实验结果表明,KMAKT模型在ASSISTments2017数据集上的受试者工作特征曲线下的面积(AUC)、准确率和F1值相比于深度知识追踪(DKT)模型分别提升了约5.20、4.20和2.40个百分点,具有较好的预测性能。在湖南大学信号与系统(HNU_SYS)子数据集上的知识追踪可视化结果验证了KMAKT模型的知识追踪结果符合教育学认知规律且具备一定程度的可解释性。

中华优秀传统文化核心思想理念视角下预算绩效管理的优化研究

预算绩效管理是财政管理中的重要环节,也是当前我国财政管理改革的主要着力点。它对于完善财政管理体制和财政资金管理具有重要作用。但预算绩效管理制度舶来品的属性明显,本土化任务繁重。本文详尽分析中华优秀传统文化核心思想理念,发掘其蕴含的预算绩效管理价值,应用中华优秀传统文化核心思想理念重新诠释预算绩效管理,寻求优化路径。本文建议以“讲仁爱、重民本”为前提与出发点,推演人民至上观;以“守诚信、崇正义”为过程与手段,追求道德约束观;以“尚和合、求大同”为目标与方向,提炼长远全局观,从而实现预算绩效管理与中华优秀传统文化的融合发展,促进预算绩效管理有效实施。

董监高履职风险缓释与企业“专精特新”转型——基于董监高责任险的经验证据

党的二十大明确将培育“专精特新”企业作为建设现代化产业体系的重要内容。然而,企业“专精特新”转型存在极大的不确定性,如何增加激励驱动转型成为培育“专精特新”企业的重要考量。本文从董监高履职风险缓释的视角探究了董监高责任险对企业“专精特新”转型的影响。研究发现,企业购买董监高责任险后的风险缓释能够促进企业“专精特新”转型。异质性分析表明,这一效应在小规模企业和高竞争性行业中更显著。本文有助于加深对我国董监高责任险制度运行成效的认识,并可从企业内部治理的角度为培育“专精特新”企业提供相关建议。

麻雀搜索算法优化的外啮合齿轮泵泄漏量预测

预测齿轮泵泄漏量的变化趋势有助于定量分析其性能退化过程。变分模态分解(Variational Modal Decomposition, VMD)方法对齿轮泵原始泄漏量数据进行变分模态分解,得到本征模态函数IMF,提出一种结合麻雀优化算法(Sparrow Search Algorithm, SSA)和长短期记忆神经网络(Long-Short Term Memory, LSTM)的模型,建立VMD-SSA-LSTM模型预测齿轮泵泄漏量的变化情况,并对每一个分量进行单独预测,最后将预测结果进行叠加,获得完整的预测结果。通过对比不同时间段预测结果可知,VMD-SSA-LSTM模型较单一的LSTM模型预测结果的平均相对误差最高可减小25.2%,能够完成对泄漏量的有效预测。研究结论可为齿轮泵性能衰退的定量预测提供理论支持。

组织创造力与创新绩效:长期导向与战略柔性的联合调节作用

组织创造力被认为是能快速提升企业创新绩效、获取未来市场竞争优势的重要来源。然而,由于组织惯性阻碍了创造性想法的成功实施,因而如何降低组织惯性给创造性想法的实施带来的不利影响是提升企业创新效率的关键。以318家中国企业为研究对象,运用层次回归方法,分析并检验长期导向、战略柔性以及两者的交互对组织创造力与创新绩效关系的调节作用,并运用斜率逐对比较法对比在长期导向与战略柔性的不同交互状态下,组织创造力对创新绩效的差异化影响水平。实证结果表明:战略柔性以及长期导向与战略柔性的交互能增强组织创造力与创新绩效之间的关系;当长期导向与战略柔性均强时,组织创造力对创新绩效的影响最强。因此,企业在实施创造性想法的过程中应当采取一定的举措来提升战略柔性,帮助决策者尤其是高层管理者树立长期导向,促进组织创造力向创新绩效的成功转化。

储能用质子交换膜燃料电池长期老化预测

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的长期老化预测有助于缩短耐久性测试时间,降低成本,为维护策略提供依据。针对超参数问题,提出一种将优化算法和储备池计算相结合的数据驱动预测方法。基于耐久性测试数据集,以电堆输出电压为老化指标,利用麻雀搜索算法(SSA)优化回声状态网络(ESN)的储备池尺寸、泄漏率和正则化系数,以构建预测模型。分别利用原始数据的前30%、40%、50%和60%作为训练集训练模型,验证模型在各训练集比例下的长期老化预测性能。训练集比例为30%时,所提方法在静态工况下的长期预测均方根误差(RMSE)达到0.0083,准动态工况下可达到0.0359。

S-P混杂纤维对混凝土长期性能与耐久性影响

采用对比的试验方法,研究并讨论了钢纤维、聚丙烯纤维及其混杂对混凝土长期性能及耐久性的影响.研究结果表明,用不同尺度、不同性质的钢纤维与聚丙烯纤维按二元混杂以总体积率0.9%掺入高性能混凝土中,明显改善了水泥混凝土的长期性能,90d干缩值减少36.6%,200d徐变度降低45.4%,并可显著提高混凝土的耐久性能,相对渗透系数降低79.03%,氯离子渗透系数降低30.5%.