This paper deals with the stochastic stability of networked control systems with the presence of network- induced delay and transmitted data dropout. Based on the Lyapunov approach, sufficient conditions for the mean-...This paper deals with the stochastic stability of networked control systems with the presence of network- induced delay and transmitted data dropout. Based on the Lyapunov approach, sufficient conditions for the mean-square stability of the networked control system are derived subject that the sequence of transmission interval is driven by an identically independently distributed sequence and by a finite state Markov chain, respectively. Stabilization controllers are constructed in terms of linear matrix inequalities correspondingly. An example is provided to illustrate our results.展开更多
This paper is concerned with controller design of net- worked control systems (NCSs) with both network-induced delay and arbitrary packet dropout. By using a packet-loss-dependent Lyapunov function, sufficient condi...This paper is concerned with controller design of net- worked control systems (NCSs) with both network-induced delay and arbitrary packet dropout. By using a packet-loss-dependent Lyapunov function, sufficient conditions for state/output feedback stabilization and corresponding control laws are derived via a switched system approach. Different from the existing results, the proposed stabilizing controllers design is dependent on the packet loss occurring in the last two transmission intervals due to the network-induced delay. The cone complementary lineara- tion (CCL) methodology is used to solve the non-convex feasibility problem by formulating it into an optimization problem subject to linear matrix inequality (LMI) constraints. Numerical examples and simulations are worked out to demonstrate the effectiveness and validity of the proposed techniques.展开更多
In this paper, the stabilization problem for a class of networked control systems (NCSs) with data packet dropouts and transmission time delays is considered, where the delays are time-varying and uncertain, the dat...In this paper, the stabilization problem for a class of networked control systems (NCSs) with data packet dropouts and transmission time delays is considered, where the delays are time-varying and uncertain, the data packet dropout is modeled as a two-state Markov chain. To compensate the lost packet, a data packet dropout compensator is established. Thus a more realistic model for such NCSs is presented. Sufficient conditions for the stabilization of the new resulting system are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Numerical example illustrates the solvability and effectiveness of the results.展开更多
Mapping function errors are usually not taken into consideration, when space geodetic data observed by VLBI, GNSS and some other techniques are utilized to estimate troposphere delay, which could, however, probably br...Mapping function errors are usually not taken into consideration, when space geodetic data observed by VLBI, GNSS and some other techniques are utilized to estimate troposphere delay, which could, however, probably bring non-ignorable errors to solutions. After analyzing the variation of mapping function errors with elevation angles based on several-year meteorological data, this paper constructed a model of this error and then proposed a two-step estimation method of troposphere delay with consideration of mapping function errors. The experimental results indicate that the method put forward by this paper could reduce the slant path delay residuals efficiently and improve the estimation accuracy of wet tropospheric delay to some extent.展开更多
The systematic discrepancies in both tsunami arrival time and leading negative phase(LNP)were identified for the recent transoceanic tsunami on 16 September 2015 in Illapel,Chile by examining the wave characteristics ...The systematic discrepancies in both tsunami arrival time and leading negative phase(LNP)were identified for the recent transoceanic tsunami on 16 September 2015 in Illapel,Chile by examining the wave characteristics from the tsunami records at 21 Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami(DART)sites and 29 coastal tide gauge stations.The results revealed systematic travel time delay of as much as 22 min(approximately 1.7%of the total travel time)relative to the simulated long waves from the 2015 Chilean tsunami.The delay discrepancy was found to increase with travel time.It was difficult to identify the LNP from the near-shore observation system due to the strong background noise,but the initial negative phase feature became more obvious as the tsunami propagated away from the source area in the deep ocean.We determined that the LNP for the Chilean tsunami had an average duration of 33 min,which was close to the dominant period of the tsunami source.Most of the amplitude ratios to the first elevation phase were approximately 40%,with the largest equivalent to the first positive phase amplitude.We performed numerical analyses by applying the corrected long wave model,which accounted for the effects of seawater density stratification due to compressibility,self-attraction and loading(SAL)of the earth,and wave dispersion compared with observed tsunami waveforms.We attempted to accurately calculate the arrival time and LNP,and to understand how much of a role the physical mechanism played in the discrepancies for the moderate transoceanic tsunami event.The mainly focus of the study is to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each secondary physical effect to the systematic discrepancies using the corrected shallow water model.Taking all of these effects into consideration,our results demonstrated good agreement between the observed and simulated waveforms.We can conclude that the corrected shallow water model can reduce the tsunami propagation speed and reproduce the LNP,which is observed for tsunamis that have propagated over long distances frequently.The travel time delay between the observed and corrected simulated waveforms is reduced to<8 min and the amplitude discrepancy between them was also markedly diminished.The incorporated effects amounted to approximately 78%of the travel time delay correction,with seawater density stratification,SAL,and Boussinesq dispersion contributing approximately 39%,21%,and 18%,respectively.The simulated results showed that the elastic loading and Boussinesq dispersion not only affected travel time but also changed the simulated waveforms for this event.In contrast,the seawater stratification only reduced the tsunami speed,whereas the earth’s elasticity loading was responsible for LNP due to the depression of the seafloor surrounding additional tsunami loading at far-field stations.This study revealed that the traditional shallow water model has inherent defects in estimating tsunami arrival,and the leading negative phase of a tsunami is a typical recognizable feature of a moderately strong transoceanic tsunami.These results also support previous theory and can help to explain the observed discrepancies.展开更多
Purpose-To optimize train operations,dispatchers currently rely on experience for quick adjustments when delays occur.However,delay predictions often involve imprecise shifts based on known delay times.Real-time and a...Purpose-To optimize train operations,dispatchers currently rely on experience for quick adjustments when delays occur.However,delay predictions often involve imprecise shifts based on known delay times.Real-time and accurate train delay predictions,facilitated by data-driven neural network models,can significantly reduce dispatcher stress and improve adjustment plans.Leveraging current train operation data,these models enable swift and precise predictions,addressing challenges posed by train delays in high-speed rail networks during unforeseen events.Design/methodology/approach-This paper proposes CBLA-net,a neural network architecture for predicting late arrival times.It combines CNN,Bi-LSTM,and attention mechanisms to extract features,handle time series data,and enhance information utilization.Trained on operational data from the Beijing-Tianjin line,it predicts the late arrival time of a target train at the next station using multidimensional input data from the target and preceding trains.Findings-This study evaluates our model’s predictive performance using two data approaches:one considering full data and another focusing only on late arrivals.Results show precise and rapid predictions.Training with full data achieves aMAEof approximately 0.54 minutes and a RMSEof 0.65 minutes,surpassing the model trained solely on delay data(MAE:is about 1.02 min,RMSE:is about 1.52 min).Despite superior overall performance with full data,the model excels at predicting delays exceeding 15 minutes when trained exclusively on late arrivals.For enhanced adaptability to real-world train operations,training with full data is recommended.Originality/value-This paper introduces a novel neural network model,CBLA-net,for predicting train delay times.It innovatively compares and analyzes the model’s performance using both full data and delay data formats.Additionally,the evaluation of the network’s predictive capabilities considers different scenarios,providing a comprehensive demonstration of the model’s predictive performance.展开更多
In this paper, we present an interval model of networked control systems with time-varying sampling periods and time-varying network-induced delays and discuss the problem of stability of networked control systems usi...In this paper, we present an interval model of networked control systems with time-varying sampling periods and time-varying network-induced delays and discuss the problem of stability of networked control systems using Lyapunov stability theory. A sufficient stability condition is obtained by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. In the end, the illustrative example demonstrates the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
The insertion of the communication network in the feedback control loop makes the analysis and design of a network control system more complex, and induces some issues that degrade the control system's performance an...The insertion of the communication network in the feedback control loop makes the analysis and design of a network control system more complex, and induces some issues that degrade the control system's performance and even cause system instability. The main aspects are focused on the stability analysis of Network Control Systems (NCSs) with network-induced delays, data packet dropouts, and multiple-packet transmission. These issues must be considered in the design of an NCS. This work summarizes the main research results, and remarks on some related handling approaches and techniques. The main purpose of the survey is to present the new research state of NCSs and to point out some fields of future work.展开更多
To investigate the feasibility for a helical line to be used as a pulse forming line (PFL), the transmission characteristics of the helical transmission line is studied both theoretically and experimentally. The res...To investigate the feasibility for a helical line to be used as a pulse forming line (PFL), the transmission characteristics of the helical transmission line is studied both theoretically and experimentally. The results indicate that it is feasible to employ a helical line as a long-pulse PFL, and the influence of its dispersion is negligible. Compared with a conventional coaxial PFL, the helical PFL with the same size can produce a longer pulse.展开更多
A multiple access protocol is proposed to greatly improve multiple access performance of wireless networks with long propagation delay. All the nodes with packets to send can make rapid successful reservation in acces...A multiple access protocol is proposed to greatly improve multiple access performance of wireless networks with long propagation delay. All the nodes with packets to send can make rapid successful reservation in access reservation mini-slots, which is adaptively adjusted according to current traffic load and idle channel resources. A Central Control Node (CCN) coordinates channel reservation and allocates on-demand channel resources to the successfully accessed nodes on two channels. Each node can employ only one handshake to accomplish each communication session, and transmit one or multiple data packets piggybacked with acknowledgment (ACK) information to one or multiple destination nodes in each frame until the end of their communication sessions, which greatly minimizes the impact of long propagation delay caused by handshakes and improves channel efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol obviously outperforms the Centralized Scheduling-based Medium Access Control (CSMAC) protocol, especially in the presence of long propagation delay.展开更多
Considering dual distributed controllers, a design of optimal state estimation strategy is studied for the wireless sensor and actuator network(WSAN). In particular, the optimal linear quadratic(LQ) control strategy w...Considering dual distributed controllers, a design of optimal state estimation strategy is studied for the wireless sensor and actuator network(WSAN). In particular, the optimal linear quadratic(LQ) control strategy with estimated plant state is formulated as a non-cooperative game with network-induced delays. Then, using the Kalman filter approach, an optimal estimation of the plant state is obtained based on the information fusion of the distributed controllers. Finally, an optimal state estimation strategy is derived as a linear function of the current estimated plant state and the last control strategy of multiple controllers. The effectiveness of the proposed closed-loop control strategy is verified by the simulation experiments.展开更多
The paper deals with the problem of the asymptotic stability for general continuous nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs). Based on Lyapunov stability theorem combined with improved Razumikhin technique, the su...The paper deals with the problem of the asymptotic stability for general continuous nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs). Based on Lyapunov stability theorem combined with improved Razumikhin technique, the sufficient conditions of asymptotic stability for the system are derived. With the proposed method, the estimate of maximum allowable delay bound (MADB) for linear networked control system is also given. Compared to the other methods, the proposed method gives a much less conservative MADB and more general results. Numerical examples and some simulations are worked out to demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed method.展开更多
This paper investigates a signal difference-based dead- band H∞ control approach for networked control systems (NCSs) with limited resources. The effects of variable network-induced de- lays, sampling intervals and...This paper investigates a signal difference-based dead- band H∞ control approach for networked control systems (NCSs) with limited resources. The effects of variable network-induced de- lays, sampling intervals and data transmitting deadbands are con- sidered simultaneously and the model of the NCS is presented. A Lyapunov functional is adopted, which makes full use of the network characteristic information including the bounds of net- work delay (BND), the bounds of sampling interval (BSI) and the bounds of transmission deadband (BTD). In the meanwhile, the new H∞ performance analysis and controller design conditions for the NCSs are proposed, which describe the relationship of BND, BSI, BTD and the system's performance. Three examples are used to illustrate the advantages of the proposed methods. The results have shown that the proposed method not only effectively reduces the data traffic, but also guarantees the system asymptotically sta- ble and achieves the prescribed H∞ disturbance attenuation level.展开更多
In networked control system (NCS) where control loop is closed over communication network, limited data rate may deteriorate control performance even destabilize the control system. In this paper, performance analysis...In networked control system (NCS) where control loop is closed over communication network, limited data rate may deteriorate control performance even destabilize the control system. In this paper, performance analysis of a typical second-order control system with data rate constraints is conducted, and the concept of critical data rate (CDR) is presented. In order to find the CDR in NCS, an approximate searching method is proposed to guarantee acceptable control performance.展开更多
According to technical statistics, current TCP protocols with approximately 80% Internet applications run on perform very well on wired networks. However, due to the effects of long propagation delay, great bandwidth ...According to technical statistics, current TCP protocols with approximately 80% Internet applications run on perform very well on wired networks. However, due to the effects of long propagation delay, great bandwidth asymmetry, high sporadic Bit Error Rate (BER) and etc., TCP performance degrades obviously on the satellite communication networks. To avoid the problems, TP-S, a novel transport control protocol, is introduced for satellite IP networks. Firstly, in order to increase the increment speed of Congestion Window (cwnd) at the beginning of data transmission, the traditional Slow Start strategy is replaced by a new strategy, known as Super Start. Secondly, a new packet lost discriminated scheme based on IP packets alternately sending with different priority is used in the protocol to decouple congestion decision from errors. Thirdly, bandwidth asymmetry problem is avoided by adopting Modified NACK (M-NACK) in receiving ends, which is sent periodically. In addition, the sending strategy in routers is also modified along with other’s changes to support the protocol. Finally, the simulation experiments show that the new protocol can not only significantly enhance throughput performance, but also reduce sharply bandwidth used in the reverse path as compared with traditional TCP protocols and those protocols, which are recently proposed for satellite IP networks.展开更多
This paper investigates the H∞ controller design method for a class of singular networked control systems (SNCS) based on the singular plant. In view of the network-induced delay less than or equal to a sampling peri...This paper investigates the H∞ controller design method for a class of singular networked control systems (SNCS) based on the singular plant. In view of the network-induced delay less than or equal to a sampling period, finite external disturbance, clock-driven sensors, event-driven controller and actuators as well as impulse behavior and structural instability of singular plants, the H∞ controller design method of SNCS with state feed- back way and dynamic output feedback way is investigated respectively by means of the linear matrix inequality method. The existence condition of H∞ control law, the solving approaches of H∞ controller parameters and disturbance attenuation degree are presented. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the presented method.展开更多
The electrochemiluminescence(ECL)behavior of a multiresonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecule has been investigated for the first time by means of ECL‐voltage curves,newly designed ECL‐time observa...The electrochemiluminescence(ECL)behavior of a multiresonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecule has been investigated for the first time by means of ECL‐voltage curves,newly designed ECL‐time observatory,and ECL spectroscopy.The compound,Mes3DiKTa,shows complex ECL behavior,including a delayed onset time of 5 ms for ECL generation in both the annihilation pathway and the coreactant route,which we attribute to organic long‐persistent ECL(OLECL).Triplet‐triplet annihilation,thermally activated delayed fluorescence and uncompensated solution resistance cannot be ruled out as contributing mechanisms to the ECL.A very long ECL emission decay was attributed to OLECL as well.The absolute ECL efficiencies of Mes3DiKTa were enhanced and reached 0.0013%in annihilation route and 1.1%for the coreactant system,which are superior to those of most other organic ECL materials.It is plausible that ECL materials with comparable behavior as Mes3DiKTa are desirable in applications such as ECL sensing,imaging,and light‐emitting devices.展开更多
This paper deals with the stabilization problems for a networked control system via time-delayed and impulsive controllers. The random communication delays in the model signal are modeled as a Markov chain. First, we ...This paper deals with the stabilization problems for a networked control system via time-delayed and impulsive controllers. The random communication delays in the model signal are modeled as a Markov chain. First, we introduce a hybrid controller with delay and impulses for the networked control systems. Then, some sufficient conditions are proposed for the design of a hybrid controller such that the closed-loop system is stochastically stable.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60874021, 60674046)Natural Science Foundation from JiangsuProvince (No.BK2007061)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation from Jiangsu Provincial Department for Education (No.06KJB120088)Research Fundfor Doctoral Program of Nantong University (No.07B14).
文摘This paper deals with the stochastic stability of networked control systems with the presence of network- induced delay and transmitted data dropout. Based on the Lyapunov approach, sufficient conditions for the mean-square stability of the networked control system are derived subject that the sequence of transmission interval is driven by an identically independently distributed sequence and by a finite state Markov chain, respectively. Stabilization controllers are constructed in terms of linear matrix inequalities correspondingly. An example is provided to illustrate our results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (6093400761174059)+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents (NCET-08-0359)the Shanghai RisingStar Tracking Program (11QH1401300)
文摘This paper is concerned with controller design of net- worked control systems (NCSs) with both network-induced delay and arbitrary packet dropout. By using a packet-loss-dependent Lyapunov function, sufficient conditions for state/output feedback stabilization and corresponding control laws are derived via a switched system approach. Different from the existing results, the proposed stabilizing controllers design is dependent on the packet loss occurring in the last two transmission intervals due to the network-induced delay. The cone complementary lineara- tion (CCL) methodology is used to solve the non-convex feasibility problem by formulating it into an optimization problem subject to linear matrix inequality (LMI) constraints. Numerical examples and simulations are worked out to demonstrate the effectiveness and validity of the proposed techniques.
基金The work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60174010, 60404022)the Key Scientific ResearchProject of the Education Ministry (No. 204014)
文摘In this paper, the stabilization problem for a class of networked control systems (NCSs) with data packet dropouts and transmission time delays is considered, where the delays are time-varying and uncertain, the data packet dropout is modeled as a two-state Markov chain. To compensate the lost packet, a data packet dropout compensator is established. Thus a more realistic model for such NCSs is presented. Sufficient conditions for the stabilization of the new resulting system are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Numerical example illustrates the solvability and effectiveness of the results.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41674082)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41774018)。
文摘Mapping function errors are usually not taken into consideration, when space geodetic data observed by VLBI, GNSS and some other techniques are utilized to estimate troposphere delay, which could, however, probably bring non-ignorable errors to solutions. After analyzing the variation of mapping function errors with elevation angles based on several-year meteorological data, this paper constructed a model of this error and then proposed a two-step estimation method of troposphere delay with consideration of mapping function errors. The experimental results indicate that the method put forward by this paper could reduce the slant path delay residuals efficiently and improve the estimation accuracy of wet tropospheric delay to some extent.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract Nos 2018YFC1407000 and2016YFC1401500the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41806045 and 51579090。
文摘The systematic discrepancies in both tsunami arrival time and leading negative phase(LNP)were identified for the recent transoceanic tsunami on 16 September 2015 in Illapel,Chile by examining the wave characteristics from the tsunami records at 21 Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami(DART)sites and 29 coastal tide gauge stations.The results revealed systematic travel time delay of as much as 22 min(approximately 1.7%of the total travel time)relative to the simulated long waves from the 2015 Chilean tsunami.The delay discrepancy was found to increase with travel time.It was difficult to identify the LNP from the near-shore observation system due to the strong background noise,but the initial negative phase feature became more obvious as the tsunami propagated away from the source area in the deep ocean.We determined that the LNP for the Chilean tsunami had an average duration of 33 min,which was close to the dominant period of the tsunami source.Most of the amplitude ratios to the first elevation phase were approximately 40%,with the largest equivalent to the first positive phase amplitude.We performed numerical analyses by applying the corrected long wave model,which accounted for the effects of seawater density stratification due to compressibility,self-attraction and loading(SAL)of the earth,and wave dispersion compared with observed tsunami waveforms.We attempted to accurately calculate the arrival time and LNP,and to understand how much of a role the physical mechanism played in the discrepancies for the moderate transoceanic tsunami event.The mainly focus of the study is to quantitatively evaluate the contribution of each secondary physical effect to the systematic discrepancies using the corrected shallow water model.Taking all of these effects into consideration,our results demonstrated good agreement between the observed and simulated waveforms.We can conclude that the corrected shallow water model can reduce the tsunami propagation speed and reproduce the LNP,which is observed for tsunamis that have propagated over long distances frequently.The travel time delay between the observed and corrected simulated waveforms is reduced to<8 min and the amplitude discrepancy between them was also markedly diminished.The incorporated effects amounted to approximately 78%of the travel time delay correction,with seawater density stratification,SAL,and Boussinesq dispersion contributing approximately 39%,21%,and 18%,respectively.The simulated results showed that the elastic loading and Boussinesq dispersion not only affected travel time but also changed the simulated waveforms for this event.In contrast,the seawater stratification only reduced the tsunami speed,whereas the earth’s elasticity loading was responsible for LNP due to the depression of the seafloor surrounding additional tsunami loading at far-field stations.This study revealed that the traditional shallow water model has inherent defects in estimating tsunami arrival,and the leading negative phase of a tsunami is a typical recognizable feature of a moderately strong transoceanic tsunami.These results also support previous theory and can help to explain the observed discrepancies.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62203468in part by the Technological Research and Development Program of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.under Grant Q2023X011+1 种基金in part by the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(CAST)under Grant 2022QNRC001in part by the Youth Talent Program Supported by China Railway Society,and in part by the Research Program of China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited under Grant 2023YJ112.
文摘Purpose-To optimize train operations,dispatchers currently rely on experience for quick adjustments when delays occur.However,delay predictions often involve imprecise shifts based on known delay times.Real-time and accurate train delay predictions,facilitated by data-driven neural network models,can significantly reduce dispatcher stress and improve adjustment plans.Leveraging current train operation data,these models enable swift and precise predictions,addressing challenges posed by train delays in high-speed rail networks during unforeseen events.Design/methodology/approach-This paper proposes CBLA-net,a neural network architecture for predicting late arrival times.It combines CNN,Bi-LSTM,and attention mechanisms to extract features,handle time series data,and enhance information utilization.Trained on operational data from the Beijing-Tianjin line,it predicts the late arrival time of a target train at the next station using multidimensional input data from the target and preceding trains.Findings-This study evaluates our model’s predictive performance using two data approaches:one considering full data and another focusing only on late arrivals.Results show precise and rapid predictions.Training with full data achieves aMAEof approximately 0.54 minutes and a RMSEof 0.65 minutes,surpassing the model trained solely on delay data(MAE:is about 1.02 min,RMSE:is about 1.52 min).Despite superior overall performance with full data,the model excels at predicting delays exceeding 15 minutes when trained exclusively on late arrivals.For enhanced adaptability to real-world train operations,training with full data is recommended.Originality/value-This paper introduces a novel neural network model,CBLA-net,for predicting train delay times.It innovatively compares and analyzes the model’s performance using both full data and delay data formats.Additionally,the evaluation of the network’s predictive capabilities considers different scenarios,providing a comprehensive demonstration of the model’s predictive performance.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60674043)
文摘In this paper, we present an interval model of networked control systems with time-varying sampling periods and time-varying network-induced delays and discuss the problem of stability of networked control systems using Lyapunov stability theory. A sufficient stability condition is obtained by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. In the end, the illustrative example demonstrates the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金This work was supported by the Youth Natural Science Foundation of AUTS(No.2005YQ002)Natural Science Foundation of Anhui ProvincialEducation Department(No.2006KJ031B).
文摘The insertion of the communication network in the feedback control loop makes the analysis and design of a network control system more complex, and induces some issues that degrade the control system's performance and even cause system instability. The main aspects are focused on the stability analysis of Network Control Systems (NCSs) with network-induced delays, data packet dropouts, and multiple-packet transmission. These issues must be considered in the design of an NCS. This work summarizes the main research results, and remarks on some related handling approaches and techniques. The main purpose of the survey is to present the new research state of NCSs and to point out some fields of future work.
基金supported by the National 863 Project of China (Grant No. 2005AA835051)
文摘To investigate the feasibility for a helical line to be used as a pulse forming line (PFL), the transmission characteristics of the helical transmission line is studied both theoretically and experimentally. The results indicate that it is feasible to employ a helical line as a long-pulse PFL, and the influence of its dispersion is negligible. Compared with a conventional coaxial PFL, the helical PFL with the same size can produce a longer pulse.
基金supported by National Science Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of China under Grant No.60921001National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60933012+2 种基金National Science and Technology Major Project of China under Grant No.2009ZX03006-001-003, 2010ZX03003-003-03China Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.YWF-10-01-A16NSBS Program of Beihang University,China under Grant No.221235
文摘A multiple access protocol is proposed to greatly improve multiple access performance of wireless networks with long propagation delay. All the nodes with packets to send can make rapid successful reservation in access reservation mini-slots, which is adaptively adjusted according to current traffic load and idle channel resources. A Central Control Node (CCN) coordinates channel reservation and allocates on-demand channel resources to the successfully accessed nodes on two channels. Each node can employ only one handshake to accomplish each communication session, and transmit one or multiple data packets piggybacked with acknowledgment (ACK) information to one or multiple destination nodes in each frame until the end of their communication sessions, which greatly minimizes the impact of long propagation delay caused by handshakes and improves channel efficiency. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol obviously outperforms the Centralized Scheduling-based Medium Access Control (CSMAC) protocol, especially in the presence of long propagation delay.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61701010,61571021,61601330)
文摘Considering dual distributed controllers, a design of optimal state estimation strategy is studied for the wireless sensor and actuator network(WSAN). In particular, the optimal linear quadratic(LQ) control strategy with estimated plant state is formulated as a non-cooperative game with network-induced delays. Then, using the Kalman filter approach, an optimal estimation of the plant state is obtained based on the information fusion of the distributed controllers. Finally, an optimal state estimation strategy is derived as a linear function of the current estimated plant state and the last control strategy of multiple controllers. The effectiveness of the proposed closed-loop control strategy is verified by the simulation experiments.
基金supported by Hi-Tech Research and Development (863) Program of China (No.2006AA04Z207)Research Fund for Doctorial Programof Higher Education of China (No.20060006018)+1 种基金International Cooperation Program of Science and Technology of China (No.2007DFA11530)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60875072)
文摘The paper deals with the problem of the asymptotic stability for general continuous nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs). Based on Lyapunov stability theorem combined with improved Razumikhin technique, the sufficient conditions of asymptotic stability for the system are derived. With the proposed method, the estimate of maximum allowable delay bound (MADB) for linear networked control system is also given. Compared to the other methods, the proposed method gives a much less conservative MADB and more general results. Numerical examples and some simulations are worked out to demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6110410661473195)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(201202156)the Program for Liaoning Excellent Talents in University(LJQ2012100)
文摘This paper investigates a signal difference-based dead- band H∞ control approach for networked control systems (NCSs) with limited resources. The effects of variable network-induced de- lays, sampling intervals and data transmitting deadbands are con- sidered simultaneously and the model of the NCS is presented. A Lyapunov functional is adopted, which makes full use of the network characteristic information including the bounds of net- work delay (BND), the bounds of sampling interval (BSI) and the bounds of transmission deadband (BTD). In the meanwhile, the new H∞ performance analysis and controller design conditions for the NCSs are proposed, which describe the relationship of BND, BSI, BTD and the system's performance. Three examples are used to illustrate the advantages of the proposed methods. The results have shown that the proposed method not only effectively reduces the data traffic, but also guarantees the system asymptotically sta- ble and achieves the prescribed H∞ disturbance attenuation level.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant No.06ZR14131)the Key Lab Project of Shanghai(Grant No.08DZ2272400)the Excellent Discipline Head Plan Project of Shanghai (Grant No.08XD14018)
文摘In networked control system (NCS) where control loop is closed over communication network, limited data rate may deteriorate control performance even destabilize the control system. In this paper, performance analysis of a typical second-order control system with data rate constraints is conducted, and the concept of critical data rate (CDR) is presented. In order to find the CDR in NCS, an approximate searching method is proposed to guarantee acceptable control performance.
文摘According to technical statistics, current TCP protocols with approximately 80% Internet applications run on perform very well on wired networks. However, due to the effects of long propagation delay, great bandwidth asymmetry, high sporadic Bit Error Rate (BER) and etc., TCP performance degrades obviously on the satellite communication networks. To avoid the problems, TP-S, a novel transport control protocol, is introduced for satellite IP networks. Firstly, in order to increase the increment speed of Congestion Window (cwnd) at the beginning of data transmission, the traditional Slow Start strategy is replaced by a new strategy, known as Super Start. Secondly, a new packet lost discriminated scheme based on IP packets alternately sending with different priority is used in the protocol to decouple congestion decision from errors. Thirdly, bandwidth asymmetry problem is avoided by adopting Modified NACK (M-NACK) in receiving ends, which is sent periodically. In addition, the sending strategy in routers is also modified along with other’s changes to support the protocol. Finally, the simulation experiments show that the new protocol can not only significantly enhance throughput performance, but also reduce sharply bandwidth used in the reverse path as compared with traditional TCP protocols and those protocols, which are recently proposed for satellite IP networks.
文摘This paper investigates the H∞ controller design method for a class of singular networked control systems (SNCS) based on the singular plant. In view of the network-induced delay less than or equal to a sampling period, finite external disturbance, clock-driven sensors, event-driven controller and actuators as well as impulse behavior and structural instability of singular plants, the H∞ controller design method of SNCS with state feed- back way and dynamic output feedback way is investigated respectively by means of the linear matrix inequality method. The existence condition of H∞ control law, the solving approaches of H∞ controller parameters and disturbance attenuation degree are presented. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the presented method.
基金supports to this study by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Canada(NSERC,DG RGPIN‐2018‐06556 and SPG STPGP‐2016‐493924)Canada Foundation of Innovation/Ontario Innovation Trust(CFI/OIT,9040)The University of Western Ontario.
文摘The electrochemiluminescence(ECL)behavior of a multiresonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecule has been investigated for the first time by means of ECL‐voltage curves,newly designed ECL‐time observatory,and ECL spectroscopy.The compound,Mes3DiKTa,shows complex ECL behavior,including a delayed onset time of 5 ms for ECL generation in both the annihilation pathway and the coreactant route,which we attribute to organic long‐persistent ECL(OLECL).Triplet‐triplet annihilation,thermally activated delayed fluorescence and uncompensated solution resistance cannot be ruled out as contributing mechanisms to the ECL.A very long ECL emission decay was attributed to OLECL as well.The absolute ECL efficiencies of Mes3DiKTa were enhanced and reached 0.0013%in annihilation route and 1.1%for the coreactant system,which are superior to those of most other organic ECL materials.It is plausible that ECL materials with comparable behavior as Mes3DiKTa are desirable in applications such as ECL sensing,imaging,and light‐emitting devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Tianyuan Fund for Mathematics,No.11226143)Hunan Natural Science Foundation(No.13JJ4111)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.11B029)
文摘This paper deals with the stabilization problems for a networked control system via time-delayed and impulsive controllers. The random communication delays in the model signal are modeled as a Markov chain. First, we introduce a hybrid controller with delay and impulses for the networked control systems. Then, some sufficient conditions are proposed for the design of a hybrid controller such that the closed-loop system is stochastically stable.