The seven co-located sites of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China（CMONOC） in Shanghai, Wuhan, Kunming, Beijing, Xi＇an, Changchun, and Urumqi are equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System（GNSS...The seven co-located sites of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China（CMONOC） in Shanghai, Wuhan, Kunming, Beijing, Xi＇an, Changchun, and Urumqi are equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System（GNSS）, very long baseline interferometry（VLBI）, and satellite laser ranging（SLR） equipment. Co-location surveying of these sites was performed in 2012 and the accuracies of the solved tie vectors are approximately 5 mm.This paper proposes a mathematical model that handles the least squares adjustment of the 3D control network and calculates the tie vectors in one step, using all the available constraints in the adjustment. Using the new mathematical model, local tie vectors can be more precisely determined and their covariance more reasonably estimated.展开更多
Theoretical analysis of the electromagnetic field distribution in the focal region of a long metallic parabolic reflector that has its surface covered with a magnetized plasma layer is derived. The incident wave is co...Theoretical analysis of the electromagnetic field distribution in the focal region of a long metallic parabolic reflector that has its surface covered with a magnetized plasma layer is derived. The incident wave is considered to be with a general oblique incidence for both parallel and perpendicular polarizations. The electromagnetic field intensity expressions along the focal region are obtained accurately using Maslov＇s method. The effects of plasma thickness on the reflected and transmitted field distributions are investigated. The effects of other physi- cal parameters such as the angle of incidence and the plasma and cyclotron frequencies on the transmitted field- intensity distribution along the focal region are also studied. The results obtained by Maslov＇s method and Kirchhoff＇s approximation are found to be in a good agreement.展开更多
基金sponsored by the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC)partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(41274035,41174023)
文摘The seven co-located sites of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China（CMONOC） in Shanghai, Wuhan, Kunming, Beijing, Xi＇an, Changchun, and Urumqi are equipped with Global Navigation Satellite System（GNSS）, very long baseline interferometry（VLBI）, and satellite laser ranging（SLR） equipment. Co-location surveying of these sites was performed in 2012 and the accuracies of the solved tie vectors are approximately 5 mm.This paper proposes a mathematical model that handles the least squares adjustment of the 3D control network and calculates the tie vectors in one step, using all the available constraints in the adjustment. Using the new mathematical model, local tie vectors can be more precisely determined and their covariance more reasonably estimated.
基金the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding of this work through the Research Group Project No. RG-1436-001
文摘Theoretical analysis of the electromagnetic field distribution in the focal region of a long metallic parabolic reflector that has its surface covered with a magnetized plasma layer is derived. The incident wave is considered to be with a general oblique incidence for both parallel and perpendicular polarizations. The electromagnetic field intensity expressions along the focal region are obtained accurately using Maslov＇s method. The effects of plasma thickness on the reflected and transmitted field distributions are investigated. The effects of other physi- cal parameters such as the angle of incidence and the plasma and cyclotron frequencies on the transmitted field- intensity distribution along the focal region are also studied. The results obtained by Maslov＇s method and Kirchhoff＇s approximation are found to be in a good agreement.
