Utilization of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections Prevention Services, and Associated Factors among the Long-Distance Truck Drivers along the Northern Corridor Highway, Kenya

Background: Often, long-distance truck drivers’ (LDTDs’) work predisposes them to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) whose outcomes are influenced by access and behavior of seeking sexual health care. Methodology: In this study, we assessed the utilization of HIV/STI preventive services and associated factors among 296 LDTDs operating along the northern corridor highway using an interviewer-administered questionnaire for data collection at Mlolongo stopover in Machakos, Kenya. Responses for the investigated variables, including condom use, history of HIV testing, frequency of HIV testing, antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and follow-up for the HIV positive and STI treatment, were assigned a score of either 1 or 0 depending on the question’s dimension. Following summing up for each participant, we computed a weighted score ranging between 0 and 1 by dividing the summed responses by the number of eligible variables. We arbitrarily multiplied these scores by 8 to generate endpoint scores ranging from one to eight for each participant to help create a dichotomized outcome variable for utilization levels: limited utilization (1 to 4) and good utilization (5 to 8). Association between certain independent variables and the outcome variable (level of utilization of H.I.V./STIs preventive services) was analyzed using binomial logistic regression analysis in R statistical software. Results: The mean age of the LDTDs was 38.4 years, ranging from 24 - 57 years. The majority (n = 287, 97%) of the LDTDs had been tested on HIV at least once since the beginning of their career. Only 4.9% of the LDTDs had been tested on HIV within the previous three months. Of the 175 LDTDs who reported a history of STI, most (n = 173, 98.9%) of them had sought treatment. Condom use rates were higher (97.1%) among the LDTDs who had sexual interactions with casual sexual partners compared to 47.2% among regular sexual partners. Analyses classed most of the respondents (n = 231, 78.0%) as having good utilization, while the rest (22%) had limited utilization. History of STI was independently associated with utilizing HIV/STI preventive services (OR 8.4;95% CI;4.5, 16.7;P < 0.001). Conclusion: Although most of the LDTDs were classed to have good utilization of HIV/STI preventive services, the uptake of subsequent HIV testing services among them was low at only 4.9%. The association of STI history with utilization levels that we determined supports policies of integrating HIV and STI services in the delivery of sexual healthcare provision among LDTDs.

长途客车司机干预前后性病艾滋病知识态度变化分析

目的 通过了解长途客车司机在健康教育干预前后对性病、艾滋病防治知识知晓率及其态度的变化 ,为探索建立长途客车司机性病艾滋病社区综合干预模式提供依据。方法 选择内江市 3家长途客运公司的长途客车司机作为干预对象 ,通过社区宣传、现场授课培训、开展同伴骨干教育、发放干预材料等形式进行干预 ,干预前后采用问卷调查收集资料 ,并用SPSS11 0进行统计分析。结果 干预后长途客车司机对性病、艾滋病知识有了较大的提高 ,而在态度方面转变不明显。结论 通过对长途客车司机进行社区综合干预 ,可以提高他们的相关知识 。

客车驾驶员驾驶适宜性的动态模拟驾驶测试

用动态模拟驾驶舱模拟交通险情 ,可对客车或其它车种驾驶员的事故临界反应能力及其生理和心理素质驾驶适宜性作综合性科学测试和评价。被试从中获得安全行驶的宝贵直接经验而决不会危及其生命和肢体安全。测试结论对客车改进设计至关重要。

营运长途客车驾驶员疲劳累积规律及模型研究

研究营运长途客车驾驶员的疲劳累积规律是保障公共交通安全的需要。针对黑龙江省海伦市营运长途客车驾驶员,设计疲劳累积随车实验,采集驾驶员状态视频及驾驶员感知判断能力、自我主观疲劳评价等指标,利用视频分析处理软件将驾驶员状态视频转化为PERCLOS-P80值,以此作为疲劳程度的衡量指标。分别从原始疲劳和驾驶疲劳2个方面,对营运长途客车驾驶员疲劳累积规律进行分析,得出原始疲劳与前1d的实际睡眠时间呈负相关、与驾驶时间差呈正相关;驾驶疲劳与原始疲劳及连续驾驶时间呈正相关、与累计休息时间呈负相关的结论。建立了疲劳累积与驾驶员工作、休息时间的关系模型,运用回归技术对模型进行标定,其拟合优度达到0.929。在此模型的基础上,对不同原始疲劳值的驾驶员提出了连续驾驶时间的风险临界值(F=0.3时),给出了营运长途客车驾驶员工作休息建议,为其安全驾驶提供指导。

客车乘员、驾驶员和经营者择车倾向性分析

通过对目前客运市场的调查分析 。

基于高速铁路运行的安全气囊匹配研究

深入研究了客车在正面碰撞中其驾驶员损伤及死亡风险,采用Hyper Mesh建立了客车的有限元模型,通过多组仿真结果比较的方式得到了全承载式客车驾驶员匹配安全气囊。结果表明,在匹配安全气囊的情况下,驾驶员头部和胸部得到了更好的保护,并且碰撞发生后第19毫秒为该气囊的最佳点火时刻。

基于CATIA的客车驾驶员视野分析与实现

介绍客车驾驶员视野的相关要求,并对驾驶员视野进行分析;结合CATIA软件对LCK6127H车型的驾驶员视野设计进行校核,为相关设计提供参考。

客车正碰驾驶区安全空间优化

建立某客车正碰有限元模型,研究正碰时驾驶区安全空间的变形过程,提出改善驾驶区安全空间的技术方案。经过实车碰撞测试,发现仿真与试验结果吻合度较好。

客车专用驾驶员门开发与配套生产

介绍客车厂生产客车专用驾驶员门的现状、存在的问题、简易改进方案,以及由专业厂研发生产给不同客车厂的配套与生产的优势。

论机动车驾驶员培训学校的未来发展

良好的驾驶员培训市场,离不开各方面的努力。有了主管部门的积极监管,市场机制的调节,科技的推动,机动车驾驶员培训学校的办学条件和培训质量才能得以保证,才能培训出优秀的机动车驾驶员,才能在切实维护广大人民生命财产安全、构建和谐社会等方面作出积极贡献。