Optical Pulling Force in Non-Paraxial Bessel Tractor Beam Generated with Polarization-Insensitive Metasurface

Tractor beams,able to produce optical pulling forces(OPFs)on particles,are attracting increasing attention.Here,non-paraxial Bessel tractor beams are generated using polarization-insensitive metasurfaces.OPFs are found to exert on dielectric particles with specific radii at the axes of the beams.The strengths of the OPFs depend on the radii of the particles,which provides the possibility of sorting particles with different sizes.For the OPFs,the radius ranges of particles vary with the polarization states or topological charges of the incident beams.The change of polarizations can provide a switch between the pulling and pushing forces,which offers a new way to realize dynamic manipulation of particles.The change of topological charges leads to disjoint radii ranges for the OPFs exerting on particles,which provides the possibility of selective optical separation.Moreover,we study the behaviors of particles in the tractor beams.The simulation results reveal that linearly or circularly polarized tractor beams can pull particles a sufficient distance towards the light source,which verifies the feasibility of separating particles.

Electrostatic Attraction and Repulsion Explained and Modelled Mathematically Using Classical Physics—A Detailed Mechanism Based on Particle Wave Functions

The phenomenon of electrical attraction and repulsion between charged particles is well known, and described mathematically by Coulomb’s Law, yet until now there has been no explanation for why this occurs. There has been no mechanistic explanation that reveals what causes the charged particles to accelerate, either towards or away from each other. This paper gives a detailed explanation of the phenomena of electrical attraction and repulsion based on my previous work that determined the exact wave-function solutions for both the Electron and the Positron. It is revealed that the effects are caused by wave interactions between the wave functions that result in Electromagnetic reflections of parts of the particle’s wave functions, causing a change in their momenta.

Analysis of Electrical Dipoles Interaction Forces as a Function of the Distance and of the Form of Electrical Force Law

Here, we initially introduced and demonstrated two principles: orientation OR principle and attraction AT principle of electrical dipoles. The OR principle stipulates that any two electrical dipoles P1A, P1B, from two bodies A and B, at any distance in the free state each, will be reciprocally oriented parallel and in the same sense if the electrical interaction forces F between them are of decreasing type with distance r. If the electrical interaction forces F are of increasing type with distance, the two dipoles will be reciprocally oriented parallel but on the opposite sense. The AT principle stipulate that any two electrical dipoles P1A, P1B, at any distance in the free state each, will present always a reciprocal force of attraction FD in both cases of orientation accordingly to OR principle in case of any type of electrical force F decreasing or increasing with distance. These findings may complete our previous work where we found that FD force, between two electrical dipoles P1A, P1B considered at atomic and nuclear level, is in fact the actual gravitation Newton force FN. The paper must be considered together with this work for more consistency.

试论中文国际传播能力

本文讨论中文国际传播能力的内涵、类型、构成、现状和提升策略。中文国际传播能力的高低受到传播吸力、传播推力和传播阻力的综合影响。传播吸力来自语言价值,包括经贸价值、科技价值、文化价值、人口数量、国际地位等五方面。传播推力是传播者的主动传播能力,包括传播规划能力、国际中文教育能力、科技加持能力、中文产品研发能力、中文传播者拓展转化能力等五方面。语言文化差异、国际政治经济形势、语言传播产生的反推力都可能阻碍语言传播的效果。提升中文国际传播能力,需重视中文传播吸力,增强中文价值;合理使用第一推力,激发第二推力和第三推力,最大限度减少阻力,将中文资源拥有者转化为中文传播者。特别要重视培育并支持本土的中文从业者,使中文国际传播有良好的当地土壤,根深叶茂。

The Substructure of Elementary Particles Demonstrated by the I-Theory

Present studies in physics assume that elementary particles are the building blocks of all matter, and that they are zero-dimensional objects which do not occupy space. The new I-Theory predicts that elementary particles do indeed have a substructure, three dimensions, and occupy space, being composed of fundamental particles called I-particles. In this article we identify the substructural pattern of elementary particles and define the quanta of energy that form each elementary particle. We demonstrate that the substructure comprises two classes of quanta which we call “attraction quanta” and “repulsion quanta”. We create a model that defines the rest-mass energy of each elementary particle and can predict new particles. Lastly, in order to incorporate this knowledge into the contemporary models of science, a revised periodic table is proposed.

制度变迁理论视角下中国特色学徒制吸引力提升的逻辑依据、现实问题与优化策略

中国特色学徒制是我国职业教育人才培养模式创新的重要成果,也是我国职业教育制度变迁的必然结果。中国特色学徒制目前处于起步阶段,吸引力提升是推动其健康发展的重要抓手。在制度变迁理论框架内,人才强国战略是中国特色学徒制吸引力提升的逻辑起点,主体信念变迁是中国特色学徒制吸引力提升的内在机制,发展环境变迁是中国特色学徒制吸引力提升的动力。正式制度建设滞后、非正式制度约束和过度路径依赖等问题严重影响了中国特色学徒制的健康发展。因此,中国特色学徒制吸引力的提升需要通过加强正式制度建设,提高正式制度对中国特色学徒制的支撑度;创新中国特色学徒制的话语体系,营造中国特色学徒制发展的良好社会氛围;打破拿来式职业教育改革的路径依赖,创新中国特色学徒制内生式的改革范式等维度来实现。

一种基于现代夯土材料黏聚力的孔隙率测算方法

孔隙率是影响现代夯土材料热工性能的重要参数,但目前常用排水置换法测得孔隙率结果误差较大,而压汞法不能高效地测得材料孔隙率,不利于现代夯土材料热工性能的量化评估。根据固体间分子吸引理论,构建了一种基于现代夯土材料黏聚力的孔隙率测算方法,并结合试验进行了验证,结果表明现代夯土材料的黏聚力与孔隙率之间存在对数函数关系。通过公式,得到计算孔隙率平均误差为7.06%,验证了计算结果的合理性。

磁吸力的计算、仿真与测试

为方便消费类电子产品的配件能够快速吸合、固定、分离,同时使外观多样化,越来越多的电子产品设计采用磁吸结构功能组件。磁吸组件设计时,磁铁的尺寸、牌号、排布、间距对磁吸力的影响较大,并且会影响电子产品的整体成本。对磁吸力进行计算,并基于COMSOL软件对磁吸力进行仿真分析,实现磁铁尺寸、牌号、排布、间距的优化。最后通过测试进行了验证。

锅炉炉膛水冷壁检测机器人产品设计

文章阐述了锅炉炉膛水冷壁检测机器人产品设计方案,分别从产品用途、规格、主要性能参数、结构方案和功能特点,以及机器人系统架构等方面进行了详细的介绍与说明,并对产品核心的设计计算和机器人磁吸力、运动学、动力学等仿真进行分析与阐述。结果表明,基于企业标准研制开发的锅炉水冷壁检测机器人产品完全满足锅炉炉膛水冷壁爬壁类检测机器人的功能需求和现场应用要求,是经过严谨的产品开发设计与现场实际应用检验通过的最新一代的检测机器人产品。

AN INCLUDING-HIDDEN-COLOR-STATE QUARK-MODEL STUDY ON NN INTERMEDIATE-RANGE ATTRACTIVE FORCE

I.INTRODUCTION In recent ten years, a good deal of efforts have been made to study the NN interaction using the quark model (QM). Refs. [2] and [7] have explained the NN short-range repulsive force with the one-gluon exchange potential and

基于电动汽车两阶段充电站分配的聚合商定价方法

随着“双碳”目标的提出,电动汽车数量与日俱增,充电桩数量不足导致电动汽车充电排队时间增加、聚合商定价等问题日益凸显。针对上述问题,提出电动汽车两阶段充电站分配的聚合商定价方法。首先将聚合商与电动汽车签约模式分为完全调度、奖罚机制调度和自由调度三类,考虑外部因素对电动汽车能耗影响并建立路网模型。然后采用改进A^(*)算法求解最短路径,在A^(*)算法的估价函数中引入时间因子。同时根据交通能耗、不间断行驶时间、红绿灯等待时间等因素改进估价函数。聚合商根据电动汽车的充放电需求、库伦定律得到充电站对电动汽车的吸引力。再建立电网-聚合商-电动汽车供应链,并进行两阶段的合理定价及充电站分配。最后通过算例验证聚合商定价方法可以显著提高调峰效率和聚合商利润,减少电动汽车排队时间及交通能耗。

大国博弈背景下发达国家加强国家战略人才力量建设的新动向

在大国博弈背景下,研判发达国家建强配优国家战略人才力量的新动向,可为我国加快建设一支能肩负起实现高水平科技自立自强历史使命的国家战略人才力量提供参考。在浅析国家战略人才力量基本特征的基础上,本文主要从育才、引才和留才三个视角,全面剖析了美国、日本、英国、法国、德国、韩国、西班牙、俄罗斯、以色列、新加坡等发达国家为夯实本国战略人才力量根基而出台的具有突破性、针对性和实操性的政策与举措,并结合我国当前人才工作存在的问题与不足,提出三条启示建议:探索创新国家战略人才力量自主培养机制;推行灵活多元、务实开放、唯才是用的引才机制;努力打造不拘一格诚心留才的制度环境。

AZ31镁合金管件电磁吸引式成形动态特性研究

镁合金作为目前工程应用中最轻质的金属结构材料之一,因其多种优良特性而广泛应用于轻量化设备制造中。然而,镁合金在室温下的塑性形变能力较差,传统加工工艺难以满足镁合金工件成形制造的需求。利用电磁力驱动金属材料发生高速变形的电磁成形技术可有效解决上述问题,其极高的应变速率能显著改善镁合金材料的成形性能,提升室温下的成形极限。然而,目前关于镁合金电磁成形的研究,大多使用驱动片与加热装置辅助,其工装较为复杂,且工件变形质量难以保证;辅助装置的添加也难以用于微小管件的成形。因此该文提出室温下的镁合金管件电磁吸引式成形方法,通过建立有限元仿真模型,在理论上验证了其成形方案的可行性;进一步分析了放电参数、电磁参数对管件运动状态的调控规律,阐明管件变形过程中工件的动态特性。上述结论可为线圈结构设计和放电参数设计提供指导。

带集磁器的吸引式电磁力小管件翻边方法

针对微小铝合金管件电磁翻边工艺,现有方法将驱动线圈置于管件端部外侧,利用双频电流法产生吸引式电磁力实现翻边。然而其翻边能力不强,基于此提出一种带集磁器的吸引式电磁力翻边方法。在现有方法基础上引入集磁器,利用其能够改变磁场位形的特点,优化电磁力分布并增大轴向电磁力,达到增强翻边效果的目的。为验证该方法的可行性,通过搭建管件翻边过程的电磁-结构全耦合有限元仿真模型,对比引入不同集磁器后的翻边效果,同时分析了不同工况对电磁力分布、电磁力密度以及磁场和涡流的影响。得出阶梯型集磁器效果最佳,结果表明,该方法下管件翻边角度从38°增大到90°。进一步分析表明,其磁通密度径向分量和涡流密度环向分量分别增大到164%和135%,作用在管件上的电磁力分布改变,峰值时刻轴向电磁力体密度明显加强,增大到211%。该方法进一步完善了对微小铝合金管件的电磁翻边成形,对拓展电磁成形技术在铝合金管件翻边上的应用具有一定意义。

符号学理论视角下参与型体育赛事旅游吸引力对重游意愿的影响——体验价值的中介作用

为探析人们参与体育赛事旅游的动因,吸引更多的人助力体育赛事旅游的发展,运用文献资料法、访谈法与数理统计法,借助符号学理论的三元符号关系,建构体育赛事旅游吸引力、体验价值与重游意愿的结构模型。结果表明:体育赛事旅游吸引力、体验价值对重游意愿均产生正向显著影响;体育赛事旅游体验价值在吸引力与重游意愿的关系中起着部分中介作用。最后,从赛事举办地组织者和体育赛事旅游者角度对体育赛事旅游长远发展提出切合实际的建议,以期完善体育赛事旅游相关理论,为体育赛事旅游的可持续发展提供切实指导意义。

Effect of thickness on magnetic properties of single domain GdBCO bulk superconductors

To study the influence of thickness on the magnetic properties of ReBCO(Re = Y, Gd, Sm, Nd, etc.) bulk superconductors, a single domain gadolinium barium copper oxide(GdBCO) bulk superconductor fabricated by the Re + 011 top seeded infiltration growth(Re + 011 TSIG) method was continuously sliced along the bottom to obtain samples of different thickness. The levitation force and attractive force of these samples were tested at 77 K in the zero-field-cooled(ZFC)state. It is found that as the sample thickness decreases, the levitation force decreases gradually whereas the attractive force increases. This is related to the varied ability to resist the penetration of magnetic field occasioned by varying sample thickness, which are deeply revealed by combining with the characteristics of the non-ideal type-II superconductor. Further,the levitation force exhibits a trend of slow initial change followed by rapid change, which may be attributed to the growth of the sample. Measurement of the trapped field shows that a similar distribution of trapped field at the top and bottom surfaces can be achieved by removing some materials from the bottom of the bulk. These results provide a reference for meeting the actual requirements of ReBCO bulks of different thicknesses and greatly contribute to practical designs and applications.

经济吸引与空间经济结构——以公主岭市为例

将要素流动与集中的现象考虑至一个统一的框架中,基于引力模型,构建集聚力空间分异——优势区位的理论模型,来解释要素流动与集中在微观、宏观上的空间经济规律。得到微观上城市空间结构变化的规律为:第一阶段为粗放式发展阶段的星状、带状结构,第二阶段为内涵式发展阶段的团块状结构。将公主岭市作为典型案例,采用定性与定量相结合的方法进行分析。结果表明,公主岭市某位置的经济吸引力越大,其区位越优,越能吸引要素的集中,会带来更多的城市空间扩展。将模型进一步应用于宏观上经济带的空间经济结构的形成,发现要素将沿着大城市-交通干道-小城市-支线-小城镇的次序依次集聚,要素集聚的速度和城市规模增长的速度依次递减,最终经济带内的发展差距不断缩小,区域一体化程度不断增强。

房地产市场高质量发展的城市比较分析——以南京市为例

近些年来,为推动房地产市场规范、平稳、健康发展,国家出台了一系列宏观调控政策,各地也做出了很多尝试。立足南京城市发展、人才吸引、房地产开发等方面与全国同类城市的比较,分析优势条件和短板,通过经验借鉴提出南京房地产市场高质量发展的建议。

Quark Forces Attract Nobel Prize in Physics

你知道比原子更小的微粒是什么吗?如果你足够博学多识,你肯定可以回答得出:夸克--一个神秘莫测的名字,一个当今物理学家的宠儿!夸克究竟是何方神圣?听听来自本届诺贝尔物理奖得主三位美国物理学家吧。

绝缘子表面对污秽颗粒的粘附力及长程吸引力

不同绝缘材料对污秽颗粒的粘附力差异会导致绝缘子积污结果存在差异。为此,利用原子力显微镜研究了不同污秽颗粒在不同绝缘材料(硅橡胶、瓷和钢化玻璃)表面的粘附力,以及表面荷电对颗粒粘附力的影响。结果表明,粘附力的大小与材料特性、粗糙度、表面电荷、颗粒粒径等因素有关。与瓷和钢化玻璃相比,硅橡胶对污秽颗粒的粘附力最大,且粘附力随着颗粒粒径的增大而增大。绝缘材料对导电颗粒的粘附力大于不导电颗粒。此外,绝缘材料表面较易荷电,这些电荷会对污秽颗粒产生较大的长程吸引力。硅橡胶表面电势越大,长程吸引力也越大。