Systematic review of long-term Xingnao Kaiqiao needling efficacy in ischemic stroke treatment

OBJeCTIve：To systematically evaluate the long-term effect and safety ofXingnao Kaiqiao nee-dling method in ischemic stroke treatment. DATA ReTRIevAL： We retrieved relevant random and semi-random controlled trials that used theXingnao Kaiqiao needling method to treat ischemic stroke compared with various control treatments such as conventional drugs or other acupuncture therapies. Searched databases included China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Weipu Information Resources System, Wanfang Medical Data System, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Cochrane Library, and PubMed, from May 2006 to July 2014. SeLeCTION CRITeRIA： Two authors independently conducted literature screening, quality evaluation, and data extraction. The quality of articles was evaluated according to the Cochrane Reviewers’ Handbook 5.1, and the study was carried out using Cochrane system assessment methods. RevMan 5.2 was used for meta-analysis of the included studies. MAIN OUTCOMe MeASUReS： Mortality rate, recurrence rate, and disability rate were observed. ReSULTS：Nine randomized and semi-randomized controlled trials treating 931 cases of ischemic stroke were included in this review. Meta-analysis results showed that there were no sig-niifcant differences in mortality reduction （risk ratio （RR） = 0.58, 95% conifdence interval （CI）： 0.17–1.93,Z = 0.89,P = 0.37） or recurrence rate （RR = 0.55, 95%CI： 0.18–1.70,Z = 1.04,P = 0.30） of ischemic stroke patients between theXingnao Kaiqiao needling and control treatment groups. However, theXingnao Kaiqiao needling method had a tendency towards higher efifcacy in mor-tality reduction and recurrence rates. TheXingnao Kaiqiao needling method was signiifcantly better than that of the control treatment in reducing disability rate （RR = 0.51, 95%CI： 0.27–0.98, Z = 2.03,P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION：TheXingnao Kaiqiao needling method has a better effect than control treatment in reducing disability rate. The long-term effect ofXingnao Kaiqiao needling against ischemic stroke is better than that of control treatment. However, the limitations of this study limit the strength of the conclusions. Randomized controlled trials with a strict, reasonable design, and multi-center, large-scale samples and follow-up are necessary to draw conclusions aboutXingnao Kaiqiao needling.

Long-term efficacy of infliximab maintenance therapy for perianal Crohn’s disease

AIM:To assess the long-term efficacy of seton drainage with infliximab maintenance therapy in treatment of stricture for perianal Crohn’s disease(CD). METHODS:Sixty-two patients with perianal CD who required surgical treatment with or without infliximab between September 2000 and April 2010 were identified from our clinic’s database.The activities of the perianal lesions were evaluated using the modified perianal CD activity index(mPDAI)score.The primary endpoint was a clinical response at 12-15 wk after surgery as a shortterm efficacy.Secondary endpoints were recurrence as reflected in the mPDAI score,defined as increased points in every major element.The clinical responses were classified as completely healed(mPDAI=0),partially improved(mPDAI score decreased more than 4 points),and failure or recurrence(mPDAI score increased or decreased less than 3 points). RESULTS:There were 43 males and 19 females,of whom 26 were consecutively treated with infliximab after surgery as maintenance therapy.Complete healing was not seen.Failure was seen in 10/36(27.8%) patients without infliximab and 4/26(15.4%)patients with infliximab(P=0.25).Partial improvement was seen in 26/36(72.2%)patients without infliximab and 22/26(88.5%)patients with infliximab(P=0.25). Short-term improvement was achieved in 48/62(77.4%) patients.Although the mPDAI score improved significantly with surgery regardless of infliximab,it decreased more from baseline in patients with infliximab(50.0%) than in those without infliximab(28.6%),(P=0.003). In the long-term,recurrence rates were low regardless of infliximab in patients without anorectal stricture.In patients with anorectal stricture,cumulative recurrence incidences increased gradually and exceeded 40%at 5 years regardless of infliximab.No efficacy of infliximab treatment was found(P=0.97).Although the cumulative rate of ostomy creation was also low in patients without stricture and high in patients with stricture,no protective efficacy was found with infliximab treatment(P =0.6 without stricture,P=0.22 with stricture). CONCLUSION:Infliximab treatment was demonstrated to have short-term efficacy for perianal lesions.Longterm benefit with infliximab was not proven,at least in patients with anorectal stricture.

Soil phosphorus dynamic, balance and critical P values in longterm fertilization experiment in Taihu Lake region, China

Phosphorus（P） is an important macronutrient for plant but can also cause potential environmental risk. In this paper, we studied the long-term fertilizer experiment（started 1980） to assess the soil P dynamic, balance, critical P value and the crop yield response in Taihu Lake region, China. To avoid the effect of nitrogen（N） and potassium（K）, only the following treatments were chosen for subsequent discussion, including： C0（control treatment without any fertilizer or organic manure）, CNK treatment（mineral N and K only）, CNPK（balanced fertilization with mineral N, P and K）, MNK（integrated organic manure and mineral N and K）, and MNPK（organic manure plus balanced fertilization）. The results revealed that the response of wheat yield was more sensitive than rice, and no significant differences of crop yield had been detected among MNK, CNPK and MNPK until 2013. Dynamic and balance of soil total P（TP） and Olsen-P showed soil TP pool was enlarged significantly over consistent fertilization. However, the diminishing marginal utility of soil Olsen-P was also found, indicating that high-level P application in the present condition could not increase soil Olsen-P contents anymore. Linear-linear and Mitscherlich models were used to estimate the critical value of Olsen-P for crops. The average critical P value for rice and wheat was 3.40 and 4.08 mg kg^（–1）, respectively. The smaller critical P value than in uplands indicated a stronger ability of P supply for crops in this paddy soil. We concluded that no more mineral P should be applied in rice-wheat system in Taihu Lake region if soil Olsen-P is higher than the critical P value. The agricultural technique and management referring to activate the plant-available P pool are also considerable, such as integrated use of low-P organic manure with mineral N and K.

Determination of hydrophilic–lipophilic balance value and emulsion properties of sacha inchi oil

Objective: To determine hydrophilic–lipophilic balance(HLB) value, stability of formulate emulsion and properties of sacha inchi oil.Methods: The physiochemical characteristics of sacha inchi oil were first investigated.Free radical scavenging property was studied by DPPH assay. HLB value of sacha inchi oil was experimentally determined by preparing the emulsion using emulsifiers at different HLB value. Sacha inchi oil emulsion was prepared using the obtained HLB and its stability was conducted by centrifugation, temperature cycling, and accelerated stability test. The efficiency of the prepared emulsion was clinically investigated by 15 volunteers. The primary skin irritation was performed using closed patch test. Subjective sensory assessment was evaluated by using 5-point hedonic scale method.Results: Peroxide value of sacha inchi oil was 18.40 meq O2/kg oil and acid value was1.86 KOH/g oil. The major fatty acids are omega-3(44%), omega-6(35%) and omega-9(9%). The vitamin E content was 226 mg/100 g oil. Moreover, sacha inchi oil(167 ppm)and its emulsion showed 85% and 89% DPPH inhibition, respectively. The experimental HLB value of sacha inchi oil was 8.5. The sacha inchi oil emulsion exhibited good stability after stability test. The emulsion was classified as non-irritant after tested by primary skin irritation method. The skin hydration value significantly increased from38.59 to 45.21(P < 0.05) after applying sacha inchi oil emulsion for 1 month and the overall product satisfaction of volunteers after use was with score of 4.2.Conclusions: This work provides information on HLB value and emulsion properties of sacha inchi oil which is useful for cosmetic and pharmaceutical application.

The cardiotoxicity and long-term efficacy of different doses of epirubicin in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer patients: A case control study

Abstract Objective： The aim of the study was to observe the cardiac toxicity caused by different doses of epirubicin in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer and to evaluate the long-term efficacy. Methods： The 180 cases of breast cancer patients received epirubicin based adjuvant chemotherapy. The patients were randomly assigned to high-dosage group （90 rag/m^2）, medium-dosage group （70 mg/m^2） and low-dosage group （50 rag/m^2）, the primary endpoint was cardiac toxicity. The secondary outcomes were the 5-year overall survival （OS） and 5-year disease-free survival （DFS）. Results： During chemo- therapy, the clinical symptoms such as palpitation, dyspnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea occurred in 6 patients with the high-dosage group, 4 patients with the medium-dosage group and 3 patients with the low-dosage group. The number of patients who had changed in electrocardiogram （ECG） was 7, 5 and 4 in three groups, respectively. The echocardiographic showed each group had only one case with LVEF 〈 50%, there was no significantly difference （P 〉 0.05）. In the three groups, the 5-year DFS rates were 73.3% （44/60） in high-dose group, 53.3% （32/60） in medium-dose group and 41.6% （25/60） in low dose group. The 5-year OS rates were 85.0% （51/60）, 68.3% （41/60） and 58.3% （35/60） in three groups, respectively. The differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The high-dose epirubicin in adjuvant chemotherapy with CEF （cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and fluorouracil） regimen could improve the 5-year OS rate and 5-year DFS rate on patients of breast cancer. The cardiotoxicity was mild-moderate and well tolerated.

Network meta-analysis of long-term efficacy of acupuncture-related therapies and SSRIs in treating post-stroke depression

Objective:To evaluate the effect of existing acupuncture-related therapies on the longterm effects of post-stroke depression(PSD)by using a network meta-analysis with SSRIs as a common reference.Methods:The published randomized controlled clinical trials of acupuncture-related therapies and SSRIs for PSD in PubMed,The Cochrane Library,EMbase,CNKI,CBM,VIP and wan-fang databases were comprehensively searched.The literature retrieval period was from The database establishment to July 31,2020.Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 was used to assess the risk of bias in included studies.Data analysis is conducted through ADDIS,Review Manager 5.3,and STATA 13.1 software.Results:A total of 3115 patients with PSD were included in 30 RCTs,involving 10 therapeutic methods.Results of network meta-analysis showed that:in terms of total effective rate,body acupuncture+SSRIs was superior to body acupuncture[OR=2.85,95%CI(1.51,5.90)]and SSRIs[OR=5.37,95%CI(3.03,10.33)].In terms of HAMD score,body acupuncture+SSRIs was superior to body acupuncture[MD=1.69,95%CI(0.33,3.06)]and SSRIs[MD=3.87,95%CI(2.68,5.08)].The above ranking predicted that moxibustion+SSRIs was the best.In terms of NIHSS score,body acupuncture[MD=2.15,95%CI(1.10,3.26)]and body acupuncture+SSRIs[MD=1.77,95%CI(0.19,3.37)]were better than SSRIs.Conclusion:Moxibustion combined with SSRIs is the best for the long-term efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion on PSD.Body acupuncture combined with SSRIs is better than SSRIs alone.The other therapies have their own advantages and disadvantages.Based on the defects of existing studies,this conclusion still needs to be verified by more high-quality RCTs.

Long-Term Efficacy of Parathyroidectomy onHyperparathyroid Bone Disease

This is a retrospective analysis of long-term efficacy of parathyroidectomy on hyperparathyroid bone disease. The clinical manifestations, bone structure, and bone mineral density in 16 patients averaged 5.1 (1. 0-10. 5) years after parathyroidectomy were assessed. The results showed that although the bone disease could be markedly relieved after surgery, yet at terminal point of follow-up, 10/16 cases (62. 5% ) got incomplete recovery of bone disease, the ratio of incomplete recovery in Y1 group with severe bone disease was higher than that of Y2 group with mild bone disease (P <0. 05). The concentrations of serum BGP and morning void urine pyridinoline were within the refer ence ranges of young and middle aged controls. These imply that the osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities had reached a balancing state. The results suggested that hyperparathyroid patients should be operated on as early as possible, and intensively followed up after operation. subsequent therapy should be given to patients with incomplete recovery of bone disease.

Long-term efficacy of microvascular decompression on trigeminal neuralgia and multi-factor research of recurrence

Objective To research the factors that affects the efficacy of 2 826 cases of of trigeminal neuralgia after microvascular decompression during follow-up more than 1 year. Methods The patients with trigeminal meuralgia were followed-up for 1-25 years ( mean 9. 8 years) after microvascular decompression from January 1984 to

miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10在耐多药肺结核患者中表达及早期疗效预测价值

目的 分析微小RNA-99b(miRNA-99b)、抗菌肽LL-37、干扰素-γ诱导蛋白10(IP-10)在耐多药肺结核(MDR-PTB)患者中表达及早期疗效预测价值。方法 研究纳入医院2022年11月-2024年2月临床收治MDR-PTB患者108例为MDR-PTB组,Bandim TBscore评分法将其划分为轻度组(n=71)与中-重度组(n=37);纳入同期非耐药肺结核患者(DS-PTB)87例为DS-PTB组,健康体检志愿者90例为健康对照组,检测、评估组间miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10表达水平及治疗8周后临床疗效,采用Pearson评估miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10表达水平与MDR-PTB患者临床疗效相关性,指标预测价值行多因素Logistic回归,作ROC曲线分析模型预测价值。结果 MDR-PTB组miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10均高于DS-PTB组与健康对照组(P<0.05),且DS-PTB组miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10高于健康对照组(P<0.05);MDR-PTB组内,中-重度组miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10表达水平均高于轻度组(P<0.05);治疗4周、治疗8周后,MDR-PTB患者miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10均低于治疗前(P<0.05);108例MDR-PTB患者经8周治疗后临床有效率为88.89%;miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10均与有效率呈负相关关系(r=-0.693、-0.706、-0.497,P<0.05);miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10高水平表达为MDR-PTB发生发展独立危险因素,有统计学意义(P<0.05),ROC曲线分析显示,miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10联合检测AUC为0.937(95%CI:0.863~0.974)高于单一检测结果(Z=7.691、7.069、8.068,P均<0.001);且联合检测敏感度(96.91%)与特异度(96.34%)均最高。结论 miRNA-99b、LL-37、IP-10高水平表达参与MDR-PTB发生与发展,三项联合在MDR-PTB患者早期疗效预测中应用价值高。

Response of soil Olsen-P to P budget under different long-term fertilization treatments in a fluvo-aquic soil

The concentration of soil Olsen-P is rapidly increasing in many parts of China, where P budget(P input minus P output) is the main factor influencing soil Olsen-P. Understanding the relationship between soil Olsen-P and P budget is useful in estimating soil Olsen-P content and conducting P management strategies. To address this, a long-term experiment(1991–2011) was performed on a fluvo-aquic soil in Beijing, China, where seven fertilization treatments were used to study the response of soil Olsen-P to P budget. The results showed that the relationship between the decrease in soil Olsen-P and P deficit could be simulated by a simple linear model. In treatments without P fertilization(CK, N, and NK), soil Olsen-P decreased by 2.4, 1.9, and 1.4 mg kg^(–1) for every 100 kg ha^(–1) of P deficit, respectively. Under conditions of P addition, the relationship between the increase in soil Olsen-P and P surplus could be divided into two stages. When P surplus was lower than the range of 729–884 kg ha^(–1), soil Olsen-P fluctuated over the course of the experimental period with chemical fertilizers(NP and NPK), and increased by 5.0 and 2.0 mg kg^(–1), respectively, when treated with chemical fertilizers combined with manure(NPKM and 1.5 NPKM) for every 100 kg ha^(–1) of P surplus. When P surplus was higher than the range of 729–884 kg ha^(–1), soil Olsen-P increased by 49.0 and 37.0 mg kg^(–1) in NPKM and 1.5 NPKM treatments, respectively, for every 100 kg ha^(–1) P surplus. The relationship between the increase in soil Olsen-P and P surplus could be simulated by two-segment linear models. The cumulative P budget at the turning point was defined as the "storage threshold" of a fluvo-aquic soil in Beijing, and the storage thresholds under NPKM and 1.5 NPKM were 729 and 884 kg ha^(–1)P for more adsorption sites. According to the critical soil P values(CPVs) and the relationship between soil Olsen-P and P budget, the quantity of P fertilizers for winter wheat could be increased and that of summer maize could be decreased based on the results of treatments in chemical fertilization. Additionally, when chemical fertilizers are combined with manures(NPKM and 1.5 NPKM), it could take approximately 9–11 years for soil Olsen-P to decrease to the critical soil P values of crops grown in the absence of P fertilizer.

Long-term outcomes of focal laser photocoagulation for the treatment of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy

AIM:To evaluate the long-term effect and safety of focal laser photocoagulation treatment in eyes with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy(PCV).METHODS:Medical records of 13 eyes of 13 patients with PCV were followed-up for more than 2 y after focal laser photocoagulation treatment.The patients were diagnosed with PCV using indocyanine green angiography,and eyes with other comorbid ocular diseases were excluded.The measurement outcomes of the study were the post-treatment regression and recurrence of polyps,complications,and changes in visual acuities.Paired t-test was performed to compare visual outcome before and after the treatment.RESULTS:The mean age of the 13 patients was 70.2±5.5 y,and the follow-up period was 72.3±31.0(range,25-118)mo.Three eyes had juxtafoveal polyps and 10 eyes had extrafoveal polyps.Of the 13 eyes,9 eyes(69.2%)had regression of polyps 1.7±1.2(range,0.9-4)mo after focal laser photocoagulation.Five eyes(55.6%)showed recurrence of polyps during the follow-up periods,and the recurrence period was 12.8±18.9(range,1.9-48)mo.Mild subretinal hemorrhage occurred in two eyes(15.4%)27 and 72 d after laser treatment,respectively.There were no statistically significant differences in visual acuities at baseline;1,2,3 y post-treatment(all P>0.05);and last follow-up(0.63±0.5,0.73±0.70,0.67±0.57,0.75±0.7,and 0.95±0.8 log MAR,respectively).CONCLUSION:Focal laser photocoagulation is beneficial for early regression of polyps in eyes with PCV and does not result in significant submacular hemorrhage during the long-term follow-up.Furthermore,it can be primarily considered in eyes with PCV with extrafoveal or juxtafoveal polyps to regress risky polyps as well as to maintain visual acuity without serious hemorrhagic complications.

Photosensitivity and a precise combination of size-dependent lambda-cyhalothrin microcapsules synergistically generate better insecticidal efficacy

In this study, lambda-cyhalothrin(LC) loaded polyurea microcapsules(MCs) with different particle sizes were fabricated.All of the MCs showed varying degrees of physical collapse, which was more obvious among those with smaller particle sizes. MCs with particle sizes of 1.38 μm(MC-S), 5.13 μm(MC-M) and 10.05 μm(MC-L) had shell thicknesses of 39.6,50.3 and 150.1 nm, respectively. MCs with smaller particles tended to have significantly faster release profiles, and the MC-S group had much higher bioactivity against Agrotis ipsilon and better foliar affinity on the peanut leaves(indicated by rainfastness) than MC-M and MC-L. All of the MCs exhibited light-enhanced release profiles and had much slower degradation compared with the emulsifiable concentrate(EC) group, among which MC-L had the slowest degradation.To generate MCs with both favorable quick efficacy and long-lasting efficacy, binary mixtures of MC-S, MC-M and MC-L were produced by mixing them in pairs at ratios of 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2. The mixture of MC-S:MC-L at 1:2 showed the best comprehensive efficacy in the peanut foliar spray scenario among the nine tested combinations, and its effective duration was three times longer than that of EC. Overall, the precise combination of MCs with different particle sizes can regulate the efficacy of pesticide control and serve as a strategy for the better utilization of pesticides.

Prediction of Long-Term Extreme Response of Fish Cage Using Environmental Contour Method

The fish cage design requires accurate predictions of long-term extreme loads and responses.Compared with the time-consuming full long-term analysis method integrating all the probability distribution of the short-term extremes,the environmental contour method gains much attention in predicting the long-term extreme values due to the less computational effort.This paper investigates the long-term extreme response of a fish cage using the environmental contour method.The fish cage is numerically simulated based on the lumped-mass method and the curved beam theory.Based on the one-dimensional(1D)and two-dimensional(2D)environmental contour,the extreme responses,including the surge and heave motions,mooring force,and vertical bending of the floater,are predicted for different return periods and compared with the full long-term analysis results.Results indicate that the 1D method greatly underestimates the extreme values.The 2D environmental contour method with a higher percentile level,namely90%,provides reasonable estimations and seems to be suitable for the long-term value analysis.Sensitivity studies show that the mooring arrangement and the bending stiffness have great effects on the bending moment and the mooring force and the mooring line pre-tension has minor effects on the fish cage response.

创新改良式手术治疗子宫腺肌病的应用价值

目的比较创新改良式手术与传统手术治疗子宫腺肌病的临床疗效与应用价值。方法回顾性研究2020年6月—2022年2月在甘肃省妇幼保健院行保守性手术治疗子宫腺肌病符合纳入、排除标准的80例患者,分为创新改良式手术组(观察组)和传统手术组(对照组)。收集患者的临床资料,并术后随访,分析两种保守性手术治疗子宫腺肌病的疗效。结果两组患者治疗后痛经都较前缓解,观察组患者下降更显著。观察组患者经量术后明显减少,对照组患者经量术后短期内减少,术后半年经量同术前差异无统计学意义。观察组患者病灶复发程度明显低于对照组(P=0.049)。观察组患者手术后生活质量提高(P=0.041)。两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症差异无统计学意义。两组患者手术均对卵巢储备功能无明显影响。结论两种手术方式均为治疗子宫腺肌病的有效方法。创新改良式手术在缓解患者症状、减少月经量、减少复发、提高患者生活质量等方面有明显优势,为病灶巨大、月经量多、症状严重的子宫腺肌病患者提供了一种保留子宫的新选择。

首次复治菌阳肺结核合并糖尿病患者血清IAP、25(OH)D水平及对疗效的预测价值

目的探讨首次复治菌阳肺结核(TB)合并糖尿病(DM)患者血清免疫抑制酸性蛋白(IAP)、25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]表达变化及2者对治疗疗效的预测价值。方法选取本院2019年1月至2022年4月首次复治菌阳TB合并DM患者48例为实验组,另选同期单纯TB患者48例为对照组。测定并比较两组患者治疗前后血清IAP、25(OH)D水平;多因素Logistic回归分析影响菌阳TB合并DM患者痰菌阴转的可能因素;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估IAP、25(OH)D对患者痰菌未转阴的预测价值。结果实验组痰菌阴转患者31例(64.58%)显著低于对照组痰菌阴转患者40例(83.33%)。治疗2个月后,实验组、对照组血清IAP均显著降低,25(OH)D水平均显著升高(P<0.05);且治疗2个月后实验组血清IAP水平显著低于对照组,25(OH)D水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,IAP高水平是首次复治菌阳TB合并DM患者痰菌未阴转的危险因素(P<0.05),25(OH)D高水平是首次复治菌阳TB合并DM患者痰菌未阴转的保护因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,IAP预测痰菌未阴转的AUC为0.719,25(OH)D预测痰菌未阴转的AUC为0.791,2者联合预测痰菌未阴转的AUC为0.871,明显高于2者单独诊断(Z_(联合vs IAP)=2.605、P=0.009;Z_(联合vs 25(OH)D)=2.408、P=0.016),且灵敏度、特异性分别为78.46%、82.86%。结论首次复治菌阳TB合并DM患者经治疗后血清IAP水平降低、25(OH)D水平升高,2者联合对菌阳TB合并DM患者痰菌未阴转具有一定预测价值。

舌诊客观化在中医药临床诊断和疗效评价中应用与价值

舌诊是中医四诊之一,在临床诊疗中具有重要的应用价值。随着新技术手段的发展应用,中医舌诊客观化研究不断深入,相关研究成果在实践中得到应用。文章通过梳理近年的中医舌诊客观化研究成果,重点围绕基于图像处理技术和分子生物学技术的中医舌诊客观化研究,分析目前舌诊客观化在中医药临床疾病诊断和疗效评价中的价值和存在问题,为相关研究提供参考。

零工工作者工作自主性对持续价值共创行为的影响

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