Feasibility of central loop TEM method for prospecting multilayer water-fi lled goaf

With deep mining of coal mines, prospecting multilayer water-filled goaf has become a new content that results from geophysical exploration in coalfields. The central loop transient electromagnetic （TEM） method is favorable for prospecting conductive layers because of the coupling relationship between its field structure and formation. However, the shielding effect of conductive overburden would not only require a longer observation time when prospecting the same depth but also weaken the anomalous response of underlying layers. Through direct time domain numerical simulation and horizontal layered earth forward modeling, this paper estimates the length of observation time required to prospect the target, and the distinguishable criterion of multilayer water-filled goal is presented with observation error according to the effect of noise on observation data. The observed emf curves from Dazigou Coal Mine, Shanxi Province can distinguish multilayer water-filled goaf. In quantitative inversion interpretation of observed curves, using electric logging data as initial parameters restrains the equivalence caused by coal formation thin layers. The deduced three-layer and two-layer water-filled goals are confirmed by the drilling hole. The result suggests that when observation time is long enough and with the anomalous situation of underlying layers being greater than the observation error, the use of the central loop TEM method to orosoect a multilaver water-filled goaf is feasible.

Calculation of all-time apparent resistivity of large loop transient electromagnetic method with very fast simulated annealing

In large loop transient electromagnetic method(TEM),the late time apparent resistivity formula cannot truly reflect the geoelectric model,thus it needs to define the all-time apparent resistivity with the position information of measuring point.Utilizing very fast simulated annealing(VFSA) to fit the theoretical electromagnetic force(EMF) and measured EMF could obtain the all-time apparent resistivity of the measuring points in rectangular transmitting loop.The selective cope of initial model of VFSA could be confirmed by taking the late time apparent resistivity of transient electromagnetic method as the prior information.For verifying the correctness,the all-time apparent resistivities of the geoelectric models were calculated by VFSA and dichotomy,respectively.The results indicate that the relative differences of apparent resistivities calculated by these two methods are within 3%.The change of measuring point position has little influence on the tracing pattern of all-time apparent resistivity.The first branch of the curve of all-time apparent resistivity is close to the resistivity of the first layer medium and the last branch is close to the resistivity of the last layer medium,which proves the correctness of the arithmetics proposed.

Effectiveness of clip-and-snare method using pre-looping technique for gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection

AIM:To evaluate efficacy and safety of clip-and-snare method using pre-looping technique(CSM-PLT)for gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).METHODS:In the CSM-PLT method,a clip attached to the lesion side was strangulated with a snare,followed by application of an appropriate tension to the lesion independent of an endoscope.Twenty consecutive lesions were resected by ESD using CSM-PLT(CSM-PLT group)and compared with a control group,including20 lesions that were resected by conventional ESD.The control group was matched based on the size and location of the lesion,presence of pathologic fibrosis,and experience of endoscopists.Total procedure time of ESD,proportion of en bloc resection,and complications were analyzed.RESULTS:The total procedure time for the CSM-PLT group was significantly shorter than that for the control group(38.5 min vs 59.5 min,P=0.023);all lesions were resected en bloc by ESD.There was no significant difference in complications between the two groups.Moreover,there was no complication in the CSM-PLT group.In one large lesion(size:74 mm)that underwentextensive CSM-PLT during ESD,we used an additional CSM-PLT on another edge of the lesion after achieving submucosal resection to the maximum extent possible during initial CSM-PLT.In two lesions,the snare came off the lesion together with the clip after a sudden pull;nevertheless,ESD was successful in all lesions.CONCLUSION:CSM-PLT was an effective and safe method for gastric ESD.

Radiating frequency of three-loop mesoscopic LC circuit with mutual inductance obtained by IEO method

Instead of normally tackling electric circuits by virtue oI the Klrctllaott＇s theorem wnose aim is to uerlvc voxt^gc, electric current, and electric impedence, our aim in this paper is to derive the characteristic frequency of a three-loop mesoscopic LC circuit with three mutual inductances, e.g., for the radiating frequency of the three-loop LC oscillator, we adopt the invariant eigen-operator （lEO） method to realize our aim.

Hopping Parameter Expansion Technique in Noise Method for Disconnected Quark Loops

We investigate the effectiveness of the hopping parameter expansion（HPE） combined with the Z（2） noise method in the calculation of the trace of the inverse of Wilson＇s Dirac operator and some other disconnected contributions.A numerical comparison of the standard deviation for the Z（2） noise method and HPE with the Z（2） noise method is carried out. It is found that there are noise reductions in all the quantities we calculated using the HPE with the Z（2） noise method. For the trace of the inverse of Wilson＇s Dirac operator, the HPE can reduce the statistical error by about 60%.

Three-Dimensional Phase Field Simulations of Hysteresis and Butterfly Loops by the Finite Volume Method

Three-dimensional simulations of ferroelectric hysteresis and butterfly loops are carried out based on solving the time dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations using a finite volume method. The influence of externally mechanical loadings with a tensile strain and a compressive strain on the hysteresis and butterfly loops is studied numerically. Different from the traditional finite element and finite difference methods, the finite volume method is applicable to simulate the ferroelectric phase transitions and properties of ferroelectric materials even for more realistic and physical problems.

The Method for Measuring the Loop Resistance and the Temperature Rise Calculation of GIS Conductor Pole

This paper studies the method for measuring the loop resistance of GIS conductor pole based on the super capacitor producing impulse current up to several thousand amperes. This method overcomes the limitations of conventional diagnostic method. Typical GIS conductor poles are chosen. Based on FEA and lab tests, the effect of different forms of current and contact condition, relationship between the temperature of contact and the loop resistance is researched. In full- scale testing under realistic operating conditions on the new 220 kV GIS using prototype instrumentation a very good sensitivity in an early stage was obtained.

RUMINATE METHOD-SOFTWARE PIPELINING ON NESTED LOOPS

This paper offers a new method to solve the problem of software pipelininsr on nested loops. We first introduce our new software pipelininog method. Ruminate Method, which can optimize program with nested loops. We also outline an algorithm to realize it and introduce the hardware support we designed. The performance of Ruminate Method is analyzed at the end of this paper with the aid of our preliminary experimental result.

EFFICIENT COMPUTATIONAL METHOD FOR TRANSIENT EM RESPONSE OF LARGE-LOOP SOURCE OVER LAYERED EARTH

Calculations of the ElectroMagnetic(EM) response produced by a large horizontal loop placed over layered medium are rather complex because its integral expression contains the product of two Bessel functions and has a divergent term. In this paper, an improved fast Hankel and Gaver-Stehfest transforms are introduced to solve the strong-oscillation and slow-decay properties of the integrand, where one Bessel function in the product is substituted by a carefully chosen polynomial of high accuracy and the other used as the digital filter coefficients in the convolution integral. Comparisons prove the validity and the efficiency of the proposed method.

Rapid and Visualized Detection Method of Canine Parvovirus Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

[Objective] To develop a rapid and visualized detection method using loop-mediated isothermal amplification （LAMP）, improve the detection rate of canine parvovirus （CPV） and reduce the testing cost. [ Method] According to the conserved regions of the VP2 gene of CPV, six primers were designed to amplify the special DNA sequences by LAMP. In addition, the reaction conditions of LAMP were optimized, and the sensitivity, specificity, repeatability and stability were verified. [ Result] The optimal reaction time of the LAMP method for CPVwas 60 min. The products obtained by LAMP had high specificity without cross-reaction with other generic viruses. The sensitivity of the LAMP was 100 times higher than that of PCR. [ Conclusion] The LAMP method for detecting CPV has high practical value. It has many advantages such as high specificity, high sensitivity, simple operation, low cost and rapid analysis, and it does not require special equipment. Therefore, this method is more suitable for the detection of CPV.

Subsystem model-based close-loop grey-box identification method for hydraulic stewart platform

In order to solve the problem of difficult modeling and identification caused by time-variable parameters,multiple inputs and outputs and unstable open loop,a subsystem model-based close-loop grey-box identification method was put forward when consider the main coupling effects of hydraulic Stewart platform.Firstly,the whole system is divided into three TITO(Two Input Two Output) subsystems according to the characteristics of the pseudo-mass matrix,hence transfer function matrix model of the subsystem can also be found.Secondly,since the Stewart platform is unstable,the close-loop transfer model of the subsystem is derived under the proportional controllers.The inverse M serial is adopted as the identification signal to get the experimental data.All parameters of the subsystem are determined in close-loop indirect identification by PEM(Prediction Error Method).Finally,a case study validates the correctness and effectiveness of the subsystem model-based close-loop grey-box identification method for hydraulic Stewart platform.

EFFICIENT METHOD FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY DESIGN OPTIMIZATION BY CONSIDERING UNCERTAINTY

A new reliability-based multidisciplinary design optimization （RBMDO） framework is proposed by combining the single-loop-based reliability analysis （SLBRA） method with multidisciplinary feasible （MDF） method. The Kriging approximate model with updating is introduced to reduce the computational cost of MDF caused by the complex structure. The computational efficiency is remarkably improved as the lack of iterative process during reliability analysis. Special attention is paid to a turbine blade design optimization by adopting the proposed method. Results show that the method is much more efficient than the commonly used double-loop based RBMDO method. It is feasible and efficient to apply the method to the engineering design.

X-in-the-loop方法在燃料电池汽车动力系统测试上的应用

针对燃料电池汽车动力系统测试难以完全满足开发测试要求的现状,以及难以实现软硬件结合测试的特点,引入X-in-the-loop开发测试验证方法,并基于该方法开发了一套燃料电池汽车动力系统动态性能综合测试平台,可实现模型在环、软件在环和硬件在环等针对不同类型测试对象的匹配和性能测试。利用X-in-the-Loop方法进行燃料电池汽车动力系统及其关键部件的开发测试,可明显提高测试验证的效率,缩短时间,降低成本。

LOOP环改良法全自动化制备^(11)C-胆碱

为研究国产^(11)C-多功能合成模块经LOOP环法合成放射性药物[N-甲基-^(11)C]胆碱(^(11)C-Choline,^(11)C-CH)的合成方法,对碱当量、溶剂效应及前体量等影响因素进行研究,优化LOOP环法合成^(11)C-CH的合成工艺。^(11)C-CH的优化条件:前体量为60~150 uL,无碱无溶剂,室温与^(11)C-CH 3I反应。此条件下^(11)C-CH的合成效率为(72.16±2.96)%(n=19,^(11)C-CH 3I未校正效率),产品的放化纯度均大于95%,产量为(7.59±1.54)GBq(n=19)。国产^(11)C-多功能合成模块LOOP环法合成^(11)C-CH与C18柱固相法进行比较表明,LOOP环可以多次重复利用,降低生产成本,提高合成效率,实现稳定、全自动化合成^(11)C-CH,产品满足临床需求。

渐进插值的LOOP曲面细分

目前很多细分方法都存在不能用同一种方法处理封闭网格和开放网格的问题。对此,一种新的基于插值技术的LOOP曲面细分方法,其主要思想就是给定一个初始三角网格M,反复生成新的顶点,新顶点是通过其相邻顶点的约束求解得到的,从而构造一个新的控制网格M,在取极限的情况下,可以证明插值过程是收敛的;因为生成新顶点使用的是与其相连顶点的约束求解得到的,本质上是一种局部方法,所以,该方法很容易定义。它在本地方法和全局方法中都有优势,能处理任意顶点数量和任意拓扑结构的网格,从而产生一个光滑的曲面并忠实于给定曲面的形状,其控制网格可以是封闭的或者开放的。

活性位点邻近的?-loop对胰蛋白酶热稳定性和活性的影响

以猪源胰蛋白酶作为研究对象,尝试利用删除猪源胰蛋白酶活性位点邻近?-loop的方法来提高其热稳定性和活性。首先通过Gromacs v4.5.5分子动力学模拟软件,预测出了胰蛋白酶的柔性区Fragment 41~46(即?-loop所在区域)。然后根据删除?-loop结构中不同的氨基酸数目,确立了三个突变R1Q、K3Q及C5Q;通过重叠延伸PCR技术构建突变菌株,发酵表达后,进行了酶热稳定性和活性分析。结果表明,R1Q、K3Q及C5Q的活性在一定程度上均有提高,在热稳定性上R1Q和K3Q有所提高,C5Q有所下降,其中R1Q突变体酶的最高活性较野生型提高了1.42倍,同时,失活半衰期和最适反应温度较野生型也分别提高了213.3 min和11.8℃。实验结果证明,在删除该?-loop中的异亮氨酸后,得到了突变型R1Q酶,成功实现酶双功能的共同进化。该策略有潜力应用于其他工业酶分子的热稳定性和活性改造,为推动生物酶的工业化应用奠定基础。

压敏胶带Loop Tack试验方法初探

以SBS(苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物)弹性体为热熔型压敏胶(PSA)的基体树脂,采用Loop Tack(环形或胶圈初粘力)法和斜面滚球法测定PSA的初粘力,并探讨了胶层厚度、PSA的储能模量以及黏贴材料的种类等对PSA初粘力测试结果的影响。结果表明:Loop Tack法中基材因折痕作用力给胶层施加了瞬间应力;在储能模量相差不大的情况下,斜面滚球法测试结果不理想的胶体却在Loop Tack测试中表现出良好的初粘力值;同一PSA在玻璃面板上测得的最大剥离力均大于镜面钢板上测得的数据(两者相差2.56%～6.12%)。

A Rework Reduction Mechanism in Complex Projects Using Design Structure Matrix Clustering Methods

To reduce the uncertainty and reworks in complex projects,a novel mechanism is systematically developed in this paper based on two classical design structure matrix(DSM)clustering methods:Loop searching method(LSM)and function searching method(FSM).Specifically,the optimal working areas for the two clustering methods are first obtained quantitatively in terms of non-zero fraction(NZF)and singular value modularity index(SMI),in which the whole working area is divided into six sub-zones.Then,a judgement procedure is proposed for conveniently choosing the optimal DSM clustering method,which makes it easy to determine which DSM clustering method performs better for a given case.Subsequently,a conceptual model is constructed to assist project managers in effectively analyzing the network of projects and greatly reducing reworks in complex projects by defining preventive actions.Finally,the aircraft design process is presented to show how the proposed judgement mechanism can be utilized to reduce the reworks in actual projects.

蛋白质loop区域闭合数值方法分析与比较

针对蛋白质loop区域的闭合问题,比较分析了两种来源于机器人学的数值方法——循环坐标下降法(CCD)和雅可比矩阵方法,进行了实现并设计实验。在计算时间和闭合效率方面循环坐标下降法要明显优于雅可比矩阵方法,而雅可比矩阵方法则可以较平均地改变每一个二面角值。

Monte Carlo study of the universal area distribution of clusters in the honeycomb O(n) loop model

We investigate the area distribution of clusters （loops） in the honeycomb O（n） loop model by means of the worm algorithm with n = 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2. At the critical point, the number of clusters, whose enclosed area is greater than A, is proportional to A-1 with a proportionality constant C. We confirm numerically that C is universal, and its value agrees well with the predictions based on the Coulomb gas method.