In this paper, the authors analyzed the correlation between the microbiological stability of white wines and the content of sulfur dioxide, which influences the main redox processes that take place in the technologica...In this paper, the authors analyzed the correlation between the microbiological stability of white wines and the content of sulfur dioxide, which influences the main redox processes that take place in the technological stages of the wine. The consecutive, parallel and spontaneous development of several redox processes and their impact on the quality, microbiological and crystalline stability of white wines were examined. The reduction of additive and subtractive technological interventions, of the amounts of adjuvants (sulphurous anhydride) is essential for the production of organic wines.展开更多
Protein haze was one of the main causes of the instability of white wines. Proteins that caused haze or precipitation in white wines mainly came from grape fruits, and their compositions and contents were affected by ...Protein haze was one of the main causes of the instability of white wines. Proteins that caused haze or precipitation in white wines mainly came from grape fruits, and their compositions and contents were affected by many factors such as fruit diseases, harvesting methods and water stress. Unstable wine proteins were usually pathogenesis-related(PR)proteins of grapes, mainly chitinases and thaumatin-like proteins(TLPs), which had lower isoelectric point(pI)and smaller molecular weight, and were highly resistant to the low pH values of wines and the protease hydrolysis during fermentation. At present, the technology of protein stabilization and clarification in white wines mainly included bentonite fining, heat treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, polysaccharide treatment and ultrafiltration methods. Among them, the most commonly used method was bentonite treatment. In this paper, the research progresses of the origin, mechanism and influencing factors of the unstable proteins in white wines were summarized, and the applications, advantages and disadvantages of various clarification techniques were also concluded, in order to provide some support for the theoretical and technological research of the protein stability in white wines in the future.展开更多
目的:采用不同酿造工艺技术对‘关口’葡萄进行干白葡萄酒的酿造,揭示不同果皮浸渍工艺对‘关口’葡萄干白葡萄酒的影响,以期最大程度地发挥‘关口’葡萄的深加工可能性。方法:分别对‘关口’葡萄进行发酵前的果皮浸渍(fermentation bef...目的:采用不同酿造工艺技术对‘关口’葡萄进行干白葡萄酒的酿造,揭示不同果皮浸渍工艺对‘关口’葡萄干白葡萄酒的影响,以期最大程度地发挥‘关口’葡萄的深加工可能性。方法:分别对‘关口’葡萄进行发酵前的果皮浸渍(fermentation before skin contact,FbSC)、带皮发酵(fermentation on skins,FoS),以澄清汁发酵作对照处理,测定各处理所得葡萄酒的基本理化指标、酚类物质、香气成分,并进行感官评价。结果:与对照组相比,采用FbSC和FoS工艺所得葡萄酒的pH值均增加,可滴定酸质量浓度均降低;对于采用FoS工艺所得的葡萄酒,其总酚、总黄酮、总黄烷醇、单体酚的质量浓度显著高于采用FbSC工艺所得的葡萄酒和对照组的葡萄酒(P<0.05),香气成分总质量浓度则显著低于FbSC组和对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,采用FbSC和FoS工艺所得葡萄酒的香气成分中的酸类和酯类物质质量浓度显著降低(P<0.05),醇类和萜烯类物质质量浓度显著增大(P<0.05)。另外,经过FbSC与FoS处理后,‘关口’葡萄干白葡萄酒的香气由以果香等香气为主转化为以果干、蜂蜜及成熟水果类香气为主;并且在澄清度、颜色、香气质量、口感纯正度、口感浓度、口感持久性、口感质量、整体平衡性等方面也均优于对照组。结论:果皮浸渍处理一定程度上提高了‘关口’葡萄干白葡萄酒的品质。展开更多
文摘In this paper, the authors analyzed the correlation between the microbiological stability of white wines and the content of sulfur dioxide, which influences the main redox processes that take place in the technological stages of the wine. The consecutive, parallel and spontaneous development of several redox processes and their impact on the quality, microbiological and crystalline stability of white wines were examined. The reduction of additive and subtractive technological interventions, of the amounts of adjuvants (sulphurous anhydride) is essential for the production of organic wines.
基金The financial support of this work was received from China Agriculture Research System for Grape Industry (CARS-29)。
文摘Protein haze was one of the main causes of the instability of white wines. Proteins that caused haze or precipitation in white wines mainly came from grape fruits, and their compositions and contents were affected by many factors such as fruit diseases, harvesting methods and water stress. Unstable wine proteins were usually pathogenesis-related(PR)proteins of grapes, mainly chitinases and thaumatin-like proteins(TLPs), which had lower isoelectric point(pI)and smaller molecular weight, and were highly resistant to the low pH values of wines and the protease hydrolysis during fermentation. At present, the technology of protein stabilization and clarification in white wines mainly included bentonite fining, heat treatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, polysaccharide treatment and ultrafiltration methods. Among them, the most commonly used method was bentonite treatment. In this paper, the research progresses of the origin, mechanism and influencing factors of the unstable proteins in white wines were summarized, and the applications, advantages and disadvantages of various clarification techniques were also concluded, in order to provide some support for the theoretical and technological research of the protein stability in white wines in the future.
文摘目的:采用不同酿造工艺技术对‘关口’葡萄进行干白葡萄酒的酿造,揭示不同果皮浸渍工艺对‘关口’葡萄干白葡萄酒的影响,以期最大程度地发挥‘关口’葡萄的深加工可能性。方法:分别对‘关口’葡萄进行发酵前的果皮浸渍(fermentation before skin contact,FbSC)、带皮发酵(fermentation on skins,FoS),以澄清汁发酵作对照处理,测定各处理所得葡萄酒的基本理化指标、酚类物质、香气成分,并进行感官评价。结果:与对照组相比,采用FbSC和FoS工艺所得葡萄酒的pH值均增加,可滴定酸质量浓度均降低;对于采用FoS工艺所得的葡萄酒,其总酚、总黄酮、总黄烷醇、单体酚的质量浓度显著高于采用FbSC工艺所得的葡萄酒和对照组的葡萄酒(P<0.05),香气成分总质量浓度则显著低于FbSC组和对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,采用FbSC和FoS工艺所得葡萄酒的香气成分中的酸类和酯类物质质量浓度显著降低(P<0.05),醇类和萜烯类物质质量浓度显著增大(P<0.05)。另外,经过FbSC与FoS处理后,‘关口’葡萄干白葡萄酒的香气由以果香等香气为主转化为以果干、蜂蜜及成熟水果类香气为主;并且在澄清度、颜色、香气质量、口感纯正度、口感浓度、口感持久性、口感质量、整体平衡性等方面也均优于对照组。结论:果皮浸渍处理一定程度上提高了‘关口’葡萄干白葡萄酒的品质。
