Dynamic airspace management plans and assigns airspace resources to airspace users on demand to increase airspace capacity. Although many studies of air traffic flow management （ATFM） have sought to optimally alloca...Dynamic airspace management plans and assigns airspace resources to airspace users on demand to increase airspace capacity. Although many studies of air traffic flow management （ATFM） have sought to optimally allocate air traffic to get the best use of given airspace resources, few studies have focused on how to build an efficient air traffic network or how to adjust the current network in real time. This paper presents an integer program model named the dynamic air route open-close problem （DROP）. DROP has a cost-based objective function which takes into account constraints such as the shortest occupancy time of routes, which are not considered in ATFM models. The aim of DROP is to determine which routes will be opened to a certain user during a given time period. Simulation results show that DROP can facilitate utilization of air routes. DROP, a simplified version of an air traffic network constructing problem, is the first step towards realizing dynamic airspace management. The combination of ATFM and DROP can facilitate decisions toward more reasonable, efficient use of limited airspace resources.展开更多
Urban air mobility(UAM)is an emerging concept proposed in recent years that uses electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles(eVTOLs).UAM is expected to offer an alternative way of transporting passengers and goods ...Urban air mobility(UAM)is an emerging concept proposed in recent years that uses electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles(eVTOLs).UAM is expected to offer an alternative way of transporting passengers and goods in urban areas with significantly improved mobility by making use of low-altitude airspace.In addition to other essential elements,ground infrastructure of vertiports is needed to transition UAM from concept to operation.This study examines the network design of UAM on-demand service,with a particular focus on the use of integer programming and a solution algorithm to determine the optimal locations of vertiports,user allocation to vertiports,and vertiport access-and egress-mode choices while considering the interactions between vertiport locations and potential UAM travel demand.A case study based on simulated disaggregate travel demand data of the Tampa Bay area in Florida,USA was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.Candidate vertiport locations were obtained by analyzing a three-dimensional(3D)geographic information system(GIS)map developed from lidar data of Florida and physical and regulation constraints of eVTOL operations at vertiports.Optimal locations of vertiports were determined to achieve the minimal total generalized cost;however,the modeling structure allows each user to select a better mode between ground transportation and UAM in terms of generalized cost.The outcomes of the case study reveal that although the percentage of trips that switched from ground mode to multimodal UAM was small,users choosing the UAM service benefited from significant time saving.In addition,the impact of different parameter settings on the demand for UAM service was explored from the supply side,and different pricing strategies were tested that might influence potential demand and revenue generation for UAM operators.The combined effects of the number of vertiports and pricing strategies were also analyzed.The findings from this study offer in-depth planning and managerial insights for municipal decision-makers and UAM operators.The conclusion of this paper discusses caveats to the study,ongoing efforts by the authors,and future directions in UAM research.展开更多
基金Supported by the Basic Research Foundation of Tsinghua Na-tional Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList) the National High-Tech Research and Development (863) Program of China (No. 2006AA12A114)
文摘Dynamic airspace management plans and assigns airspace resources to airspace users on demand to increase airspace capacity. Although many studies of air traffic flow management （ATFM） have sought to optimally allocate air traffic to get the best use of given airspace resources, few studies have focused on how to build an efficient air traffic network or how to adjust the current network in real time. This paper presents an integer program model named the dynamic air route open-close problem （DROP）. DROP has a cost-based objective function which takes into account constraints such as the shortest occupancy time of routes, which are not considered in ATFM models. The aim of DROP is to determine which routes will be opened to a certain user during a given time period. Simulation results show that DROP can facilitate utilization of air routes. DROP, a simplified version of an air traffic network constructing problem, is the first step towards realizing dynamic airspace management. The combination of ATFM and DROP can facilitate decisions toward more reasonable, efficient use of limited airspace resources.
文摘Urban air mobility(UAM)is an emerging concept proposed in recent years that uses electric vertical takeoff and landing vehicles(eVTOLs).UAM is expected to offer an alternative way of transporting passengers and goods in urban areas with significantly improved mobility by making use of low-altitude airspace.In addition to other essential elements,ground infrastructure of vertiports is needed to transition UAM from concept to operation.This study examines the network design of UAM on-demand service,with a particular focus on the use of integer programming and a solution algorithm to determine the optimal locations of vertiports,user allocation to vertiports,and vertiport access-and egress-mode choices while considering the interactions between vertiport locations and potential UAM travel demand.A case study based on simulated disaggregate travel demand data of the Tampa Bay area in Florida,USA was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.Candidate vertiport locations were obtained by analyzing a three-dimensional(3D)geographic information system(GIS)map developed from lidar data of Florida and physical and regulation constraints of eVTOL operations at vertiports.Optimal locations of vertiports were determined to achieve the minimal total generalized cost;however,the modeling structure allows each user to select a better mode between ground transportation and UAM in terms of generalized cost.The outcomes of the case study reveal that although the percentage of trips that switched from ground mode to multimodal UAM was small,users choosing the UAM service benefited from significant time saving.In addition,the impact of different parameter settings on the demand for UAM service was explored from the supply side,and different pricing strategies were tested that might influence potential demand and revenue generation for UAM operators.The combined effects of the number of vertiports and pricing strategies were also analyzed.The findings from this study offer in-depth planning and managerial insights for municipal decision-makers and UAM operators.The conclusion of this paper discusses caveats to the study,ongoing efforts by the authors,and future directions in UAM research.
