Research on the Coupled and Coordinated Development of Tourism and Transport in Chongqing Municipality

By examining the current status of tourism and transport research both domestically and internationally,and analyzing the development trends of Chongqing’s tourism and transport industry,this study evaluates the weight indices and performs a coupling and coordination analysis of various indicators of Chongqing’s tourism and transport industry from 2011 to 2019.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)The value of the comprehensive evaluation function for tourism is higher than that of the transport industry,indicating that Chongqing’s tourism industry is in a period of vigorous development;(2)The degree of coupling coordination development between Chongqing’s tourism and transportation industries from 2011 to 2019 is rising.As the coupling coordination stage continues to improve,the level of coupling coordination also improves,with the overall trend showing a progression from mild dysfunction to primary coordination.Based on these conclusions,corresponding countermeasures are proposed to promote the coupling coordination between tourism and transport in Chongqing,and suggestions are made for the overall improvement of the transport industry and the sustainable development of the tourism industry.

Research on the Coupled and Coordinated Development of Tourism and Transport in Chengdu City

Based on a total of 16 indicators selected from the tourism and transport industries,an evaluation index system of the coupling and coordination development level of tourism and transport is constructed.The entropy value method and the coupling coordination degree model are used to conduct an empirical study on the development level and coupling coordination level of the transport and tourism industries in Chengdu City from 2011 to 2020.The results show that,on the whole,the coupling coordination degree of transport and tourism in Chengdu is poor and has been in a state of mild to moderate dysfunction.The development level of tourism lagged behind the development of transport from 2011 to 2012,and the two were in a state of mild dysfunction.However,from 2013 onwards,the development level of tourism was prioritized over the development level of transport.This shift caused the coupling coordination degree of the two industries to decline sharply to 0.23305 in 2013.The development level of the tourism industry increased again,reaching 0.34206 in 2019,which marked an improvement.Consequently,the coordination degree of the transport and tourism industries evolved from moderate dislocation to mild dislocation.Finally,the results of the empirical research are analyzed,and corresponding suggestions are put forward to promote the sustainable growth of the transport and tourism industries in Chengdu City.These suggestions aim to improve the coupled and coordinated development level of the two industries.

Preliminary Analysis of Special Tourism Transportation in Agricultural Eco-scenic Area

Transport varies greatly in agricultural eco-scenic areas for the diversity of resources, and different terrains such as mountains, low hills and forest lands. Special tourism transportation is common in scenic area of different themes. For agricultural eco-scenic area, the road design has to consider the theme of the scenic area, thus animal power is a favorable transportation choice, it refl ects agricultural ecological characteristics and also takes production needs into consideration. This paper analyzed road design characteristics of agricultural eco-scenic area, and proposed the transportation model dominated by animal power and considering farming production, so as to meet the standards of "rural road" in agricultural eco-scenic area and comply with the style of agricultural tourism, and satisfy the visitors.

The Effect of Public Transportation on the Sustainability of Lebanon＇s Tourism Industry

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Lebanese public transport on the sustainability of internal and inbound tourism. The study dependent variables were the three research hypotheses： （1） safety of public transport; （2） reliability of public transport; and （3） fixed pricing. The results of the multivariate analysis test showed strong significance for the need to avoid stress and use the hop-on hop-off bus （F=7.47, p = 0.001）, the need for a reliable bus （F = 8.16, p = 0.01） especially for those living far from their work/school, and theneed to save time on the road using the bus （F = 5.10, p = 0.012）. Also, the study shows that those living far from their work/school （F = 5.15, p = 0.01 ） would prefer a monthly payment pass.

Using ArcGIS to Study Transportation Accessibility of Cultural Tourism Resources with Wan'an County in Jiangxi Province as an Example

This paper reviews cultural tourist attractions and transportation conditions of Wan'an County in Jiangxi Province,and calculates the accessibility and kernel density of transportation network by using ArcGIS.Through the analysis,it obtains the spatial relationship between the accessibility of Wan an County and the spatial structural characteristics of"one center,two clusters,two verticals and one horizontal"presented by the cultural tourism resources.Based on this,the paper puts forward the transportation development suggestions for the development of cultural tourism for Wan'an County.

Public Transportation Management Strategies in a Low-Carbon Economy

The importance of public transportation in social and economic development is undeniable.With the rising concerns of environmental pollution and resource depletion in recent times,China has made significant efforts to transition towards a low-carbon economy.To advance this transition,it is imperative to confront the obstacles faced by public transportation and enact effective management strategies that promote both economic and environmental sustainability.In this regard,the author has evaluated the existing status of public transit within the context of a low-carbon economy and put forth targeted management approaches.This research is expected to make a valuable contribution towards enhancing the quality of public transportation management.

Study on Carbon Emission Driving Factors and Low-carbon Policy of Transportation Industry in Henan Province

The transportation industry is the basic industry of national economic development. At the same time, it is the only industry in China that has continuously increased CO2 emissions, and the high energy consumption problems have not been solved. Henan province, as a major energy consumption province, it is urgent to improve the supply quality of transportation industry. The paper uses the IPCC calculation method for carbon emission to calculate the CO2 emissions of transportation industry in Henan province from 2004 to 2014. Then, this paper uses the LMDI method to decompose the CO2 emission in the transportation industry and give the proposal to reduce the CO2 emission according to the CO2 emission drivers.

Transitional Road of Resources-exhausted Cities to Low-carbon Economy:Tourism Resources Development——A Case Study of Gejiu City

Tourism is of vital practical significance to low-carbon economic transition of resources-exhausted cities.By taking Gejiu City of Yunnan Province for example,the paper discussed that Gejiu City as the resources-exhausted city should positively develop tourism,particularly industrial heritage tourism,treating tourism development as the breakthrough and motive power of low-carbon economic transition of resources-exhausted cities,so as to walk out a unique road of tourism promoting low-carbon economic development.

Research on Products Design of Low-carbon Tourism Development in Nature Reserve——A Case Study of Guangxi Longhu Mountain Scenic Area in China

After analyzing three misunderstandings about eco-tourism development,the paper pointed out that low-carbon tourism based on control of carbon emission had larger implementation space,which could be applied in all types of tourist destinations,with strong operability and the effectiveness evaluation of which was easier to be quantized.On this basis,low-carbon development thought of nature reserve was proposed by taking Guangxi Longhu Mountain Nature Reserve as the example.Through introduction of general situation of low-carbon tourist resources in Longhu Mountain,it analyzed necessity to design low-carbon tourist products in Longhu Mountain Nature Reserve,designed low-carbon tourist activities according to resources characteristics,and proposed five distinctive low-carbon tour routes in light with different tourists markets.Finally,some relevant suggestions on development had been put forward.

CO2 emission of urban passenger transportation in China from 2000 to 2014

This study reviewed the urban passenger transportation(UPT)development of seven typical cities in China from 2000 to 2014,estimated the UPT CO2emission,analyzed the structure,and discussed the main factors of UPT CO,emission.Results showed that increases of GDP,population,and UPT scale of the cities have speeded up.The most significant development of UPT is that the growth of private vehicles is greatly faster than that of public transportation.The total and per-capita UPT CO2 emissions both increased.The share of private vehicles emission to total UPT CO2emission has increased,with the share in range of 65%-88%in 2014,exponentially leading to the increases of total and per-capita UPT CO2 emission.Although UPT CO2 emission structure with more share of public transportation would slow down the UPT CO2emission increase,private vehicle CO2 emission is recognized as the dominated driving factor.Contributions of driving factors,such as GDP,population,private vehicle CO2 emissions,to UPT CO2 emission are different among the cities.Private vehicle CO2 emission.is the dominated factor for UPT CO2emission in Beijing and Taiyuan.Besides private vehicle CO2emission,GDP also plays an important role in UPT CO2emissions of Chengdu,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Urumqi.Contributions of private vehicle CO2 emission and GDP to UPT CO2 emission are almost same in Xi'an.

Impact of Transport Network Changes on Tourism in Protected Areas: A Case Study of Ayubia National Park, Pakistan

The inflow caused by tourists in peak seasons exerts an uncontrollable pressure on the existing infrastructure. The Ayubia National Park in Pakistan faces traffic delays and capacity restraints on the connecting roads in peak season. The study focuses on the formulation of critical strategies by deploying amendments in the transport network. The methodology contains three parts: 1) a questionnaire was designed to inquire about several variables from the visitors;2) the second part was traffic count data collection and analysis. Based on the response collected, the impact of multiple strategies on the network was analyzed using TransCad;3) in the third part, the results obtained were shared with experts to gain their valuable opinions. It was observed that the time of the day based access restriction to heavy vehicles could lead to dropping the Volume to capacity ratio from 1.7 to 1.2. However, the experts were also of the view that network changes can enhance and improve the visitors’ experience.

Dynamic Nexus between Air-Transportation and Economic Growth: A Systematic Literature Review

Today’s economic growth is not promising without air transport, up-to-date airports infrastructure, efficient and safe airline services and international air transport networks. According to WB [1], 40% of the world-wide tourists travel by air transport. The main aim of this study is to analyze the literatures of air transport and economic growth study. A systematic literature review (SLR) method was used in order to examine related articles from ABDC list journals which are ranked on A*, A or B, published in period 1992-2018. This study gives a summary of the trends and research themes which have been identified. Key scholars, as well as their approaches and locations and citations are also mapped. The findings of this study show that there is a growing interest in researching and publishing on Air transportation and economic growth. This study fills a deficiency in specialized literature concerning air transportation in developing countries and provides a foundation for future research in the field of air transportation.

The Role of the City Transport in Prilep and Its Application in the Tourism in the Republic of Macedonia

Public transport in Prilep has been in existence since 2014. In this scientific paper, tile author wants to present the problem of the research, as well as the goal that this research wants to achieve, which is improvement of tile city transport in tile city of Prilep, which is located in the Republic of Macedonia, and it is in the fourth place according to tile number of inhabitants in the country. For this scientific work, 200 users of public transport have been surveyed, which should enable availability, timeliness, realization, and success in the offered service, and provide solutions for the public city transport in Prilep, Republic of Macedonia. They are proposed by the citizens who live in the distant settlements and the periphery from the central city part, additional two new lines connecting the peripheral parts of tile city with the city center of Prilep, for which tile local government and the public transport company voted positively. Their inclusion in permanent lines will ensure good public transport. Public urban transport will contribute to sustainability and its application in tourism for panoramic sightseeing of tile city

The Impact of Transport Infrastructure and Pollutant Emissions in Sustainable Tourism for Mongolia

Tourism has a positive impact on economic growth,and it is one of the rapidly growing sectors in Mongolia.The Mongolian government,focusing on the development of tourism and transportation since 1990,has made it possible for achieving continuously growing sustainable tourism.Sustainable tourism is a way of maintaining a high level of tourist satisfaction while reducing adverse impacts on the environment.As transportation has been an integral part of the tourism industry,the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of transportation infrastructure,CO2 emission,and other classical demand factors on tourism flow in Mongolia by using a gravity model.Utilizing a panel data of tourists from 30 countries with the highest number of travel visits in Mongolia from 2002 to 2018,the study employs on panel co-integration analysis,aside from the conventional pooled ordinary least squares(OLS),fixed effects,and random effects estimators,to estimate the long-run relationship between Mongolian tourism flow and their respective determinants.According to the result of this study,the local transportation system and transportation investment have came out negative due to the underdeveloped transportation system.Moreover,the research indicates that carbon dioxide emission has a positive impact on tourism flow in the long-run.

Analvsis of the Low-Carbon Tourism Route

With the economic development and social progress, the attention of the people of the ecological civilization has been improved. People＇s consumption patterns have been gradually improved, and the recent low-carbon technologies and low-carbon consumption go constantly into people＇s lives. The development of tourism is the manifestation of the pursuit of ecological civilization. It is a natural use of low-carbon technologies, and is the way the economy of low-carbon consumption. And the low-carbon tourism in further also becomes a necessity.

Analysis on the Hotel Management Mode from the Perspective of Low-carbon Tourism

As the global warming is becoming more and more serious, people have gradually come to realize the important role of low- carbon life. Since a strategy of sustainable development was proposed in China, the concept of low-carbon tourism has emerged, requiring tourists to carry out energy conservation and environmental protection as much as possible in the process of travel. The hotels in scenic areas naturally become an important part of tourists in travel and play a crucial role in the development of low-carbon tourism. Therefore, a deep analysis on the present hotel management mode is necessary, promoting hotels to conform to the requirements of low-carbon tourism. In this paper, hotel management is discussed from the perspective of low-carbon tourism, so as to provide ideas of practical significance and guiding role and a basis for the future low-carbon tourism and hotel management.

On Exploration and Evaluation of Forest Ecotourism Resources in Shangsi County of Guangxi,China

Forest ecotourism resources in Shangsi County were investigated,explored and screened for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of resource units,physiographic landscape resources and forest eco-resources of the local area elaborated,characteristics of its forest ecotourism resources summarized as "having an excellent location,great development potential and high development value".Basic laws of forest ecotourism resources in Shangsi County were obtained through resource investigation,exploration and analysis,development and utilization of forest ecotourism resources further studied,and suggestions proposed to facilitate the sustainable development of forest ecotourism resources in Shangsi County.

Green Transport Infrastructure of Taiwan

Transport is the lifeblood of a nation’s economy. Since the fossil fuels are being gradually depleted and the global warming phenomena are more and more serious, this article is to construct a low-carbon transport infrastructure for Taiwan by the implementation of energy-saving measures. First of all, via data collection and analysis, we found that the small passenger cars and the large trucks are the largest energy users in the transport sector, due to their high energy intensities and large transport volumes. Therefore, their energy-conserving potentials are the focuses of this study. According to “Top-Down” methodology, the most effective and economical energy-saving strategies for Taiwan’s transport sector are the significant adoptions of rail transport and electrification mode. Whereby, under a maximal energy-saving scenario, comprising of delicate shift of transport volumes, the energy saving potential in the land transport sector of Taiwan is 4914 MLOE (million liters of oil equivalent), which is equivalent to greenhouse gas reduction of 10.56Mt-CO2e approximately with a scale of 45.3% or crediting for 4.1% reduction of national GHG emissions. Finally, we suggest the green transport infrastructure of Taiwan should be mainly comprised of rail transport, electric motorcycles, MRT (Mass Rapid Transit), and EV (Electric Vehicles).

Railway for Tourism in South America： An Approach on Its Uses

In this paper, the authors focus on the interplay between railways and tourism. Therefore, evidence is provided in order to decipher the manner in which railways are used for tourism purposes in South America. With a view to achieving this goal, an exploratory approach is used, which consists in the analysis of publications on tourism and transportation made by renowned scholars, as well as a descriptive approach, based upon the classification of data obtained from public and private railway organizations. The paper notes that tourism is of paramount importance in the protection of the railway heritage in South America. Following this line of reasoning, it is concluded that there is a wide variety of tourist trains which exploit either the cultural and historical aspects of railways or the bewitching landscapes offered by railway trips and create experiences for tourists.

An Overview of Tourism vs Environment:A Sociological Appraisal

Sociology,as a comprehensive discipline,studies the different dimensions of tourism in the rapid changing world.Though modernization originated from the industrial world,it is fast expanding to all the corners of the globe.It is now the second income source after oil industry.During the post industrial revolution and the additional income generated for the people,many people decided to travel to new lands and regions to explore cultures,new resources,new people,etc.Moreover,accessing to new modes of transportation,better roads,more communications,easier access to news,and the like,all encouraged tourism.Such an increasing action,widely and gradually affected the environment as well.Therefore,increasing number of people of all adult ages and genders are currently eager to tour and visit new places.Similarly,many countries of the world highly depend on the income obtained from tourism,and that environmental preparations are made to host such people.