Dissolution of Aluminum in Variably Charged Soils as Affected by Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids

Low-molecular-weight （LMW） organic acids exist widely in soils and play an important role in soil processes such as mineral weathering, nutrient mobilization and A1 detoxification. In this research, a batch experiment was conducted to examine the effects of LMW organic acids on dissolution of aluminum in two variably charged soils, an Ultisol and an Oxisol. The results showed that the LMW organic acids enhanced the dissolution of A1 in the two investigated soils in the following order： citric 〉 oxalic 〉 malonic 〉 malic 〉 tartaric 〉 salicylic 〉 lactic 〉 maleic. This was generally in agreement with the magnitude of the stability constants for the Al-organic complexes. The effects of LMW organic acids on Al dissolution were greater in the Ultisol than in the Oxisol as compared to their controls. Also, the accelerating effects of citric and oxalic acids on dissolution of A1 increased with an increase in pH, while the effects of lactic and salicylic acids decreased. Additionally, when the organic acid concentration was less than 0.2 mmol L-I, the dissolution of A1 changed Iittle with increase in acid concentration. However, when the organic acid concentration was greater than 0.2 mmol L^-1,the dissolution of A1 increased with increase in acid concentration. In addition to the acid first dissociation constant and stability constant of Al-organic complexes, the promoting effects of LMW organic acids on dissolution of A1 were also related to their sorption-desorption equilibrium in the soils.

Utilizing Water Treatment Residuals for Phosphorus Removal:Batch Trials,Column Trials and Effects of Three Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids

Phosphorus( P) has been recognized as a major limited nutrient responsible for the eutrophication of surface waters. Water treatment residuals( WTRs) are safe by-products of water treatment plants and are cost-efficient adsorbents. In this study, batch experiments and column experiments based on WTRs were employed to study the characteristics of P adsorption and the effects of lowmolecular-weight organic acids( LMWOAs)( citric acid, oxalic acid,and tartaric acid) on P adsorption. Different models of adsorption were used to describe equilibrium and kinetic data. The adsorption data were fitted well by a pseudo-second order kinetic model. The adsorption process was determined to be controlled by three steps of diffusion mechanisms through the intra-particle model.The adsorption equilibrium was well described by the Langmuir,Freundlich,Redlich-Peterson,and Sips isotherm models. Batch and continuous flow experiments indicated that the LMWOAs exhibited inhibitory action,and as pH increased,the inhibitory action became weaker for all the three acids. The effect of LMWOAs concentration was not significant on inhibition. The effects of LMWOAs were closely related to reaction time.

Determination of Organic Acids in Root Exudates byHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography: III. Effectsof Interfering Factors

A solution culture experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of collection time and interferingions on separation and determination of low-molecular-weight organic acids in root exudates of soybeanusing the method for directly collecting root exudates. The suitable collection time of root exudates andthe interfering ions affecting organic acid determination were determined. The method for removing theinterfering ions was established and analyzed. The release amount of root exudates increased with theincrease of collection time from 0 to 120 min but decreased with increasing of collection time from 120 to 240min. The maximum exuding amounts of organic acids were observed in root exudates at the collection time of120 min. There was a significant difference of organic acid components between the treatments of collectiontime of 120 min and 240 min. Citric acid was found only in the treatment of 120 min collection time. NO3-was the main interfering ion in organic acid determination and had the same retention time as oxalic acid.Anion exchangs resin (SAX) properly treated by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) solventcould remove NO3- anion in sample solution of root exudates, thus enhancing the recoveries of organic acidsin root exudates. There was no significant effect of the chemicals added into sample solution such as H3PO4,SAX and KNO3 on the retention time of organic acids.

Temporal and spatial variations of low-molecular-weight organic acids in Dianchi Lake, China

Low-molecular-weight organic acids （LMWOAs） in eutrophic lake water of Dianchi, Southwestern China Plateau were investigated diurnally and vertically using ion chromatography. Two profiles （P1 and P2） were studied due to the difference of hydrochemical features. Lactic, formic, pyruvic and oxalic acid were detected as major components at P1 and P2 which were on average 7.98 and 6.53 ~tmol/L, respectively, corresponding to their proportions of 2.68% and 2.48% relative to DOC. Pyruvic acid was regarded as the uppermost species at P1 and P2, reaching up to 3.82 and 3.35 μmol/L and accounting for 47.9% and 51.3%, respectively, in individual TOA. Although humus were of biogenetic production at both sites, the significant negative correlation between diurnal variations of TOAs, fluorescence intensity （FI） of protein-like components and humic-like components at P1 indicated LMWOAs were greatly originated from bacterioplankton excretion and degradation. However, correlations between diurnal variations of humic-like FI and physicochemical parameters demonstrated algal origination of LMWOAs at P2. Although content of humus was high, TOA at P2 was 1.45 ~tmol/L lower than that at P1, due to the co-influence of more intense photo-oxidation and aggregation at P2. Therefore, TOAs exhibited quite opposite diurnal variation trends of increasing-decreasing and decreasing-increasing at P1 and P2, respectively. Except for impact of solar radiation, bacterial decomposition and assimilation rendered shifts of maximal LMWOAs along water column at P1. Covering with massive algae, UV rays penetrated shallower depth that LMWOAs assembled in surface layer water before 18：00 at P2 and represented decreasing profiles.

Characterization of soil low-molecular-weight organic acids in the Karst rocky desertification region of Guizhou Province, China

Soil low-molecular-weight （LMW） organic acids play important roles in the soil-forming process and the cycling of nutrients in Karst regions. In this study, we quantified the contents of LMW organic acids （including lactate, acetate, formate, malate, and oxalate） in soil solution over the Karst region of Guizhou Province, China using ion chromatography. The concentration of total LMW organic acids in topsoil solution ranged from 0.358 to 1.823pmol＇g-1, with an average of 0.912p.mol.gL The mean concentrations of lactate, acetate, formate, malate, and oxalate were 0.2124-0.089, 0.3024-0.228, 0.301-4-0.214, 0.014zk0.018 and 0.086＋0.118 pmol.g-% respectively. There were also significant difference in the contents of these acids among four phases of rocky desertification, and their concentrations decreased with the aggravation of rocky desertification. The concentrations of the LMW organic acids were significantly positive correlated each other. Significant positive correlations were also observed among individual LMW organic acids in soil solution, and between them and soil available P, available K, exchange- able Ca, respectively. Furthermore, the concentrations of LMW organic acids were significantly positively corre- lated with inorganic anions （chlorides, nitrates, and sulfates） in Karst topsoil solution. Therefore, the concen- trations of soil LMW organic acids might be one of driving force in the Karst rock desertification process in Guizhou Province.

Prediction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Bioaccessibility to Earthworms in Spiked Soils by Composite Extraction with Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin and Organic Acids

Traditional exhaustive extraction methods often overestimate the risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) bioaccessibility to biota. Therefore, reliable assessment methods need to be established. In this study, a composite extraction with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HPCD) and three low-molecular-weight organic acids, oxalic acid(OA), malic acid(MA), and citric acid(CA), was used to predict the PAH bioaccessibility to earthworms, subjecting to two soils(red soil and yellow soil) spiked with selected PAHs,phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, and benzo(a)pyrene. For both soils,concentrations of PAHs by composite extraction using HPCD-OA(R^2= 0.89–0.92, slope = 1.89–2.03; n = 35), HPCD-MA(R^2=0.92–0.96, slope = 1.43–1.67; n = 35), and HPCD-CA(R^2= 0.92–0.96, slope = 1.26–1.56; n = 35) were significantly correlated with PAH accumulation in the Eisenia fetida earthworms. Moreover, the HPCD-CA-and HPCD-MA-extracted PAH concentrations were closer to the earthworm-accumulated PAH concentration than the extraction using just HPCD. The results indicated that the composite extraction could improve the prediction of PAH bioaccessibility, and therefore can serve as a reliable chemical method to predict PAH bioaccessibility to earthworms in contaminated soils.

Investigation of low-molecular weight organic acids and their spatiotemporal variation characteristics in Hongfeng Lake,China

The identities and concentrations of low-molecular-weight organic acids （LMWOAs） were determined by ion chromatography throughout a 20-m water column in Hongfeng Lake, China. The spatiotemporal variations of LMWOAs and their contributions to dissolved organic matter （DOM） in a research period of 24 hr were also investigated. The results demonstrated that five LMWOAs （lactic, acetic, pyruvic, sorbic, oxalic acid） were detected, and their total concentration and proportion in DOC were 6.55 μmol/L and 7.47%. Their average levels were 2.50, 0.65, 2.35, 0.96 and 0.09 μmol/L, respectively. LMWOAs were higher during daytime （10：00-18：00 on Jun 13, 2008） than nighttime （21：00-6：00 the next morning）, in particular 4.99 μmol/L high in the epilimnion （ 1 m water depth）, reflecting the fact that direct import from terrigenous sources and photochemical production from humic materials were dominant during LMWOAs＇ origin and accumulation. The same factors caused LMWOAs to be 0.63 μmol/L in the epilimnion higher than in the hypolimnion. The rapid decrease of total organic acid （TOA） up until 18：00 mainly resulted from bio-uptake and mineralization in the hypolimnion （〉1 m water depth）. Pyruvic acid increased with time in the epilimnion and decreased in the hypolimnion, largely related to the two contrary processes of continuous degradation and synthesis of macromolecular organic matter during life materials＇ cycle mediated by organisms. Simultaneously, plankton behavior and thermal stratification played a pivotal role in LMWOAs＇ behavior in the water column, causing decreasing and increasing profiles. The distribution of LMWOAs represents an interesting resource for biogeochemical research of DOM in aquatic ecosystems.

Effects of low molecular weight organic acids on aggregation behavior of biochar colloids at acid and neutral conditions

Low molecular weight organic acids(LMWOAs),as active components in the rhizosphere carbon cycling,may influence the environmental behaviors of biochar colloids.This study selected the pine-wood and wheat-straw biochars(PB and WB)as two typical biochars.The effects of typical LMWOAs(oxalic acid,citric acid,and malic acid)on aggregation kinetics of PB and WB colloids were investigated under pH 4 and 6 conditions.Critical coagulation concentrations(CCCs)of both PB and WB colloids were decreased with the LMWOAs regardless of the types of biochar and the solution pH,and the most significant effect occurred in pH 4 due to more LMWOAs sorption on the biochar colloids.The different types of LMWOAs caused various CCCs changes.For example,the CCC values of PB colloids decreased from 75 mM to 56,52,and 47 mM in the pH 4 NaCl solutions when 1 mM oxalic acid,citric acid,and malic acid were present in the suspensions,respectively.The chemical structure(functional groups)and molecular weight of LMWOAs,solution pH,and the electrophoretic mobility(EPM)of biochar co-influence the interactions between biochar colloids and LMWOAs,thus affecting the stability of biochar colloids in the presence of LMWOAs.The presence of LMWOAs accelerated the aggregation of colloidal biochar by increasing the interaction of surface bridging bonds(hydrogen bonding)and decreasing the repulsive force between colloidal biochar particles.This study showed that LMWOAs could accelerate the aggregation of biochar colloids in acidic or neutral environments and reduce the mobility of biochar colloids in soil rhizosphere.

Transformation and immobilization of hexavalent chromium in the co-presence of biochar and organic acids:effects of biochar dose and reaction time

A batch experiment was conducted to examine the effects of biochar dose and reaction duration on the transformation and immobilization of Cr(VI)in the combined biochar and low-molecular-weight organic acid systems.The results showed that increase in the dosage level of biochar caused increase in the solution pH,particularly for the Biochar300 treatments but did not enhance the reduction of Cr(VI)after 1-day reaction.Over 35%of the converted Cr(III)was immobilized by sorption to the biochar due to increased negatively charged sites on the biochar surfaces driven by pH rise.The elevated pH due to biochar dose increase tended to slow down the reduction of Cr(VI)to Cr(III),resulting in more Cr(VI)being adsorbed at a higher biochar dose.For the higher-temperature biochars,the increase in biochar dose did not markedly change the transformation and immobilization of the added Cr.Increase in the reaction duration markedly increased the pH for Biochar300.This resulted in the disappearance of all Cr(VI)in the solution after the 7-day reaction,possibly through sorption of cationic Cr(III)to the biochar surfaces.Increase in reaction time for the higher-temperature biochars resulted in re-oxidation of Cr(III)to Cr(VI)due to the increased exposure of solution Cr(III)to atmospheric oxygen.The research findings obtained from this study have implications for optimizing treatment procedure for wastewater that contains elevated level of toxic Cr(VI).Simulation experiments are required to determine appropriate biochar dose and reaction time to achieve cost-effective treatment goals.

不同镉积累类型小麦根际土壤低分子量有机酸与镉的生物积累

采用土壤培养方法研究低镉积累小麦烟 86 10 3和高镉积累小麦莱州 95 3不同生育期土壤低分子量有机酸含量与组成 ,及其与镉生物积累的关系。结果表明 ,不同镉积累类型小麦在高镉土壤中其根系镉含量差异不显著 ,但地上部镉浓度烟 86 10 3显著低于莱州 95 3,而在低镉土壤中根系和地上部镉浓度烟 86 10 3均显著低于莱州 95 3。根际土壤有机酸 (柠檬酸、酒石酸、乙酸和丙酸 )含量及有机酸总量均为低镉品种烟 86 10 3显著低于高镉品种莱州95 3。两个品种不同生育期有机酸含量均表现为柠檬酸 >酒石酸 >丙酸 >乙酸 ,且各有机酸含量占有机酸总量的百分数表现稳定。小麦镉的生物积累与有机酸种类没有特异性关系 ,但与有机酸的总量有关。根际不同有机酸的水平对于土壤镉的复合或螯合溶解 ,在引起两品种地上部镉生物积累的差异方面起重要作用。

不同镉积累型苋菜(Amaranthus mangostanus L.)根际低分子量有机酸与镉吸收的关系

【目的】研究低镉积累型苋菜紫背苋和高镉积累型苋菜天星米在镉胁迫下低分子量有机酸分泌特征及其与苋菜镉生物积累的关系。【方法】采用溶液培养法进行试验。【结果】随供镉浓度增加,紫背苋根、茎和叶生物量显著降低,而天星米生物量未发生明显改变。不同镉暴露条件下,苋菜分泌的有机酸总量表现为天星米远高于紫背苋,有机酸含量均表现为柠檬酸>苹果酸>乙酸>丙酸>丁酸,且以柠檬酸和苹果酸为主。两品种各有机酸数量占有机酸总量的比例基本一致。随供镉浓度增加,两个苋菜品种根分泌的各有机酸量增加,各有机酸分泌量的增幅均表现为天星米大大高于紫背苋,植株根、茎和叶镉含量与积累量也相应表现为天星米大大高于紫背苋。【结论】苋菜镉的生物积累与有机酸种类没有特异性关系,但与有机酸的总量有关。镉胁迫诱导根系分泌有机酸的数量,在引起两品种对镉吸收的差异方面起重要作用。

胶州湾秋季海水低分子量有机酸转化速率的分布特征

为考察近海海水中低分子量有机酸(Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids,LMWOAs)的分布、来源和转化,系统研究了2022年11月胶州湾海水中LMWOAs的组成,以及其浓度和转化速率的分布特征,通过相关分析探讨了不同LMWOAs组分之间的关系,以及影响LMWOAs转化速率的因素。结果表明,秋季胶州湾海水中的乳酸(Lactic Acid,LA)、乙酸(Acetic Acid,AA)和甲酸(Formic Acid,FA),以及3种酸总量(Total Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids,TOA)的浓度范围分别为0~0.55、0.94~3.39和0~3.35,以及1.24~7.19μmol·L-1,AA平均浓度占TOA的63.99%。LMWOAs浓度较高的区域集中于河口和湾口附近,且整体上表层海水LMWOAs的浓度高于底层,其主要来源是人类活动。加富培养实验结果表明:秋季胶州湾海水在整体上净消耗LMWOAs,其转化速率在不同站位、不同水层呈现复杂的变化,具有局部性、多样性的特点。3种LMWOAs的微生物转化速率与其对应的非生物转化速率出现负相关关系,不同站位海水的微生物活动能够以不同的速率产生和消耗LMWOAs,以净消耗为主,对控制胶州湾海水LMWOAs的转化速率起决定性作用;在没有光化学过程的情况下,非生物过程在不同站位的海水中也能够以不同的速率产生和消耗LMWOAs,以净产生为主,是胶州湾LMWOAs的重要来源。微生物释放的酶对控制LMWOAs转化起关键作用。秋季胶州湾海水中的AA和FA有相似的生物来源,具有相近的新陈代谢过程,其微生物转化速率受到水温、盐度和营养盐因素的显著影响。温度和盐度降低、溶解氧(Dissolved Oxygen,DO)浓度降低、营养盐浓度升高,以及周边河流的输入,都有利于促进秋季胶州湾海水LMWOAs的产生。

小分子有机酸对紫色土及其溶液中Pb的赋存影响

以紫色土中铅(Pb)为研究对象,采用以0.01 mol·L^(-1)硝酸钠(NaNO_3)为背景电解质的一步提取法,研究了不同浓度下乙酸,酒石酸和柠檬酸对土壤中Pb的释放作用,并通过土壤重金属形态的分步提取法和地球化学平衡软件Visual MINTEQ v3.0,进一步分析和预测了小分子有机酸作用下土壤中Pb以及土壤溶液中Pb的形态变化.在此基础上,分析了小分子有机酸对Pb作用的环境意义与环境风险.结果表明,3种小分子有机酸均显著增加了紫色土中Pb的释放量,活化效果表现为柠檬酸>酒石酸>乙酸.在有机酸作用下,土壤中交换态Pb总量增加,碳酸盐结合态Pb和铁锰氧化物结合态Pb总量降低;土壤溶液中Pb以有机结合态为主,占总Pb质量的45.16%~75.05%,游离态次之,占22.71%~50.25%,且随着浓度增加,柠檬酸和酒石酸作用下的土壤溶液中的游离态Pb和无机结合态Pb增加,而有机结合态Pb减少,乙酸则呈相反趋势.总体上看,小分子有机酸提高了紫色土中Pb的生物有效性,且存在地下水的淋溶风险,其中柠檬酸的淋溶风险远大于酒石酸和乙酸.

几种低分子量有机酸和氨基酸对黄棕壤吸附菲的影响

采用批量平衡试验方法,研究了根系分泌物中几种常见的低分子量有机酸(LMWOA)和氨基酸对黄棕壤吸附菲的影响.结果表明,在供试有机酸和氨基酸的影响下黄棕壤对菲的等温吸附曲线仍呈显著的线性关系,分配作用是黄棕壤吸附菲的主导机制,供试LMWOA和氨基酸对黄棕壤吸附菲有抑制作用,且加入量越大,抑制作用越强.与氨基酸相比,LMWOA对土壤吸附菲的抑制作用更强,具体抑制作用大小顺序为:草酸>柠檬酸>苹果酸>>丙氨酸>丝氨酸.试验同时分析了黄棕壤吸附菲平衡溶液中水溶性有机质(DOM)的浓度,发现加入LMWOA或氨基酸后土壤固相有机质含量略有降低(<0.66%),而DOM浓度增大,DOM与菲的结合作用对土壤吸附菲的抑制作用增强,这是供试根系分泌物抑制土壤吸附菲的主要原因.

河谷型城市土壤有害金属有机酸与细菌淋溶特性

在野外调查与前期研究的基础上,根据一点多样混合采样法收集宝鸡河谷型城市污染土壤样品50个.通过等温振荡平衡法研究了人工合成的螯合剂EDTA、DTPA、低分子有机酸草酸(Oxalic acid)、丁二酸(Butanedioic acid)、柠檬酸(Citrate)和枯草芽孢杆菌对城市污染土壤有害金属As、Cr、Cu、Pb、Sb、V、Zn的淋溶解吸特性.研究结果表明,EDTA、DTPA对宝鸡城市污染土壤As、Cr、Cu、Pb、Sb、V、Zn的整体淋溶解吸效果要优于草酸、丁二酸和柠檬酸.有机酸对宝鸡城市土壤有害金属As、Cr、Cu、Pb、Sb、V、Zn淋洗速率顺序为:柠檬酸:Pb>Sb>Zn≈As>Cu>V>Cr;DTPA:Pb≥Cu≈Zn>Sb>As>V>Cr;EDTA:Pb≥Zn>Cu>Sb>As>V>Cr;草酸:Pb>Sb>As>V>Cu>Cr;丁二酸:Cr>Pb>Sb>As>V>Cu(丁二酸淋洗的Cr随时间缓慢增加).枯草芽孢杆菌对土壤有害金属淋溶具有pH和温度的依赖性,特别对Pb、Sb的淋溶解吸特为敏感,较高pH(pH=6)淋溶要大于低pH(pH=2).研究表明,枯草芽孢杆菌淋溶土壤有害金属是细菌本身、有机酸和淋溶液pH共同作用的过程.重金属Pb和Sb是宝鸡市环境污染与人群健康风险最主要的因子,因此,有机酸和细菌及其淋溶pH综合作用对西部河谷型城市土壤有害金属Pb、Sb复合污染的原位修复提供了新的思路.

镉胁迫下双孢蘑菇发酵液中低分子量有机酸分泌量与镉含量变化

为探讨镉(Cd)胁迫对发酵液中双孢蘑菇菌丝低分子量有机酸分泌量和Cd含量的影响,以双孢蘑菇A15为材料,通过摇瓶实验,分析不同Cd胁迫时间和胁迫浓度下发酵液中甲酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、草酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸和富马酸等8种低分子量有机酸、Cd含量及其相关性.结果显示:随胁迫时间和浓度增加,发酵液中有机酸种类和含量均差异显著(P<0.05).随着胁迫时间延长,无Cd和有Cd胁迫下,发酵液中甲酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸和乙酸含量变化趋势一致,甲酸基本呈增加的趋势,苹果酸和琥珀酸呈先增后减趋势,乙酸呈“双峰”模式;草酸、酒石酸、富马酸和柠檬酸含量变化趋势存在差异,无Cd胁迫下,草酸与酒石酸基本呈增加趋势,柠檬酸和富马酸呈减少趋势,Cd胁迫下,草酸和酒石酸呈“双峰”模式,柠檬酸和富马酸呈先增后减的趋势.双孢蘑菇Cd富集量随胁迫浓度的增大而增加,随胁迫时间延长先增后减.相关分析表明:胁迫前期(2 h-1 d),发酵液中Cd含量与富马酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸和乙酸呈显著负相关,与琥珀酸呈显著正相关;胁迫后期(3-7 d),与草酸呈显著负相关,与苹果酸呈显著正相关;整个胁迫过程中,与酒石酸呈显著正相关.低Cd(0.50和1.00 mg/L)胁迫下,发酵液中Cd含量与草酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、乙酸、柠檬酸、富马酸和琥珀酸呈显著负相关;高Cd(2.00、6.00和15.00 mg/L)胁迫下,与草酸、酒石酸、甲酸、乙酸、琥珀酸和总酸含量呈显著正相关,与柠檬酸和富马酸呈显著负相关.本研究表明Cd胁迫能够显著地影响双孢蘑菇菌丝分泌的有机酸的种类和含量,有机酸在双孢蘑菇抵抗Cd中起重要作用.

低分子有机酸强化植物修复重金属污染土壤的作用与机制

植物修复是利用植物的物理、化学作用去除污染土壤中重金属的技术方法,可以减少二次污染物的产生,具有经济可行性.低分子有机酸(LMWOAs)具有生物降解性和环境友好性,在重金属污染土壤植物修复中具有较强的应用潜力.综述了LMWOAs在植物修复中的作用机制,主要包括:(1)调控根茎叶发育,增加植物生物量,强化植物富集效果;(2)增强光合作用,提升植物抗性,提高对重金属的耐受能力;(3)改变根际土壤性质,提高根际微生物活性,促进对重金属的吸收;(4)改变重金属形态,减轻重金属毒性,提高转运效率.最后阐述了LMWOAs强化植物修复重金属污染土壤的优缺点及应用,提出了LMWOAs在重金属污染土壤植物修复中的研究方向,这对LMWOAs在未来植物修复中的研究和应用具有科学意义.

Adsorption of Cadmium and Zinc onto Micaceous Minerals:Effect of Siderophore Desferrioxamine B

The mobility,bioavailability,and environmental fate of heavy metals in soil are controlled by their adsorption onto soil minerals and solid organic matter.The adsorption is strongly affected by the presence of various low-molecular-weight organic acids.In this study,effect of hydroxamate siderophore desferrioxamine B (DFOB) on cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) adsorption onto two micaceous clay minerals,muscovite and phlogopite,was evaluated in batch experiments.Results showed that the presence of DFOB diminished the adsorption of Cd and Zn onto both minerals,particularly under neutral to alkaline pH conditions.For instance,at pH 8.2,the presence of DFOB caused a decrease in the adsorption of Zn onto phlogopite by nearly 50%.The equilibrium adsorption of Cd and Zn was satisfactorily described using Freundlich isotherm.The adsorption isotherms showed that the affinity of Cd and Zn onto the minerals decreased in the presence of DFOB.For example,at pH 8.0,the presence of siderophore caused a decrease in the Freundlich adsorption isotherm coefficient KF for Zn adsorption onto muscovite and phlogopite from 4.60 to 0.07 L g^-1 and from 3.56 to 0.36 L g^-1,respectively.These findings confirm the potential influence of siderophore on the fate of Cd and Zn in arid soils containing substantial contributions of micaceous silicate minerals.