Influence of Interrupted Childhood Biographies on Health Development: Evaluation of the Scientific Literature on the Example of Being Taken into Care*

Background: An interrupted family history, as is the case after taking someone into care, can complicate collecting family anamnesis data. In addition, the interrupted family history itself could be considered part of a person’s risk profile. Aim and methods: Literature analysis was conducted to examine whether there are scientific studies on health development after placement in out-of-home-care in order to recognise any existing medical characteristics that may be relevant for internal medical care. Results: There are few scientific publications on the health development of people after being placed in out-of-home-care. Direct reactions to the stress of being taken into custody include nausea and fever. However, effects that go beyond the acute situation and last into adulthood have also been described, such as AD(H)D, asthma, diabetes, cancer, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (myocardial infarction, stroke), epilepsy and increased overall mortality in adulthood. Studies show that not only previous experience but also the stress of being taken into care is triggers for this. Conclusion: Information about a previous institutionalisation can hence be important for internal medical practice. The available scientific literature shows heterogeneous study methodology and no group of people with experience of out-of-home-placement has yet been scientifically accompanied for a long time period. Further studies on this could help to better weigh up the consequences of omitting and conducting an intervention for child/youth protection as well as to improve the medical care for this group of people.

Effect of interrupted aging on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 7A75 aluminum alloy

The effects of interrupted aging on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 7A75 aluminum alloy extruded bar were investigated through various analyses,including electrical conductivity,mechanical properties,local corrosion properties,and slow strain rate tensile stress corrosion tests.Microstructure characterization techniques such as metallographic microscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)were also employed.The results indicate that the tensile strength of the alloy produced by T6I6 aging is similar to that produced by T6I4 aging,and it even exceeds 700 MPa.Furthermore,the yield strength increases by 52.7 MPa,reaching 654.8 MPa after T6I6 aging treatment.The maximum depths of intergranular corrosion(IGC)and exfoliation corrosion(EXCO)decrease from 116.3 and 468.5μm to 89.5 and 324.3μm,respectively.The stress corrosion factor also decreases from 2.1%to 1.6%.These findings suggest that the alloy treated with T6I6 aging exhibits both high strength and excellent stress corrosion cracking resistance.Similarly,when the alloy is treated with T6I4,T6I6 and T6I7 aging,the sizes of grain boundary precipitates(GBPs)are found to be 5.2,18.4,and 32.8 nm,respectively.The sizes of matrix precipitates are 4.8,5.7 and 15.7 nm,respectively.The atomic fractions of Zn in GBPs are 9.92 at.%,8.23 at.%and 6.87 at.%,respectively,while the atomic fractions of Mg are 12.66 at.%,8.43 at.%and 7.00 at.%,respectively.Additionally,the atomic fractions of Cu are 1.83 at.%,2.47 at.%and 3.41 at.%,respectively.

Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy induces spermatogenesis in pituitary stalk interruption syndrome:A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome(PSIS)is a rare anatomical defect of the pituitary gland falling under the spectrum of holoprosencephaly phenotypes.It is characterized by a deficiency in anterior pituitary hormones,such as growth hormone,gonadotropins,and thyroid hormones.Due to the syndrome's rarity and nonspecific manifestations,there is a lack of standardized treatment strategies.Consequently,early diagnosis through imaging and on-time intervention are crucial for improving patients’outcomes.CASE SUMMARY A 30-year-old man presented with absent secondary sexual characteristics and azoospermia.Laboratory evaluation revealed a deficiency in gonadotropins,while thyroid function was mostly within normal ranges.Magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland showed pituitary stalk agenesis,hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary,and ectopic posterior pituitary,leading to the diagnosis of PSIS.Initially,the patient underwent 6 mo of gonadotropin therapy without significant changes in hormone levels and secondary sexual characteristics.Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy was then administered,resulting in the detection of sperm in the semen analysis within 3 mo.After 6 mo,routine semen tests showed normal semen quality.The couple faced challenges in conceiving due to abstinence and underwent three cycles of artificial insemination,which was unsuccessful.They also attempted in vitro fertilization,but unfortunately,the woman experienced a miscarriage 10 wk after the embryo transfer.CONCLUSION Early detection,accurate diagnosis,and timely treatment are crucial in improving the quality of life and fertility of PSIS patients.

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome complicated with liver cirrhosis:A case report

BACKGROUND Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome(PSIS)is a rare disorder,often characterized by delayed growth and development,short stature,and hypogonadism as the main clinical manifestations.It is not clear whether PSIS can lead to liver cirrhosis.CASE SUMMARY This paper reported a case of liver cirrhosis of unknown origin.The patient was admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University in November 2023.The diagnosis of PSIS complicated with liver cirrhosis was established after a series of blood tests and pituitary magnetic resonance imaging examination.CONCLUSION We also reviewed the literature from both domestic and international sources to deepen the clinical understanding of PSIS in conjunction with liver cirrhosis among medical practitioners.

Feasibility and clinical benefits of the double-ProGlide technique for hemostasis after cryoballoon atrial fibrillation ablation with uninterrupted oral anticoagulants

OBJECTIVE To access the efficacy and safety of the double-ProGlide technique for the femoral vein access-site closure in cryoballoon ablation with uninterrupted oral anticoagulants(OAC),and its impact on the electrophysiology laboratory time as well as hospital stay after the procedure in this observational study.METHODS Patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing cryoballoon ablation with uninterrupted OAC at Department of Cardiology,Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing,China from May 2019 to May 2021 were enrolled in this study.From October 2020,double-ProGlide technique was consistently used for hemostasis(ProGlide group),and before that conventional manual compression was utilized(manual compression group).The occurrence of vascular and groin complications was accessed during the hospital stay and until the three-month follow-up.RESULTS A total of 140 participants(69.30%of male,mean age:59.21±10.29 years)were evaluated,70 participants being in each group.Immediate hemostasis was achieved in all the patients with ProGlide closure.No major vascular complications were found in the ProGlide group while two major vascular complications were occurred in the manual compression group.The incidence of any groin complication was obviously higher in subjects with manual compression than patients with ProGlide devices(15.71%vs.2.86%,P=0.009).In addition,compared with the manual compression group,the ProGlide group was associated with significantly shorter total time in the electrophysiology laboratory[112.0(93.3–128.8)min vs.123.5(107.3–158.3)min,P=0.006],time from sheath removal until venous site hemostasis[3.8(3.4–4.2)min vs.8.0(7.6–8.5)min,P<0.001],bed rest time[8.0(7.6–8.0)h vs.14.1(12.0–17.6)h,P<0.001]and hospital stay after the procedure[13.8(12.5–17.8)h vs.38.0(21.5–41.0)h,P<0.001].CONCLUSIONS Utilization of the double-ProGlide technique for hemostasis after cryoballoon ablation with uninterrupted OAC is feasible and safe,which has the clinical benefit in reducing the total electrophysiology laboratory time and the hospital stay length after the procedure.

Game and Dynamic Communication Path-Based Pricing Strategies for Microgrids Under Communication Interruption

Nowadays,the microgrid cluster is an important application scenario for energy trading.In trading,one of the most important research directions is the issue of pricing.To determine reasonable pricing for the microgrid cluster,data communication is used to create the cyber-physical system(CPS),which can improve the observability of microgrids.Then,the following works are carried out in the CPS.In the physical layer:1)Regarding trading between microgrids and the load,based on the generalized game theory,an optimal pricing strategy is proposed,which takes into account the interactive relationships among microgrids and transforms the pricing problem into a Nikaido-Isoda function to obtain the optimal prices conveniently;2)Regarding peer-to-peer trading between two microgrids,based on evolutionary game theory and the penalty mechanism,the optimal sale price of the seller is selected with boundary rationality.In the cyber layer,regarding the communication interruption issue existing in pricing(i.e.,the game process),based on the principle of matching the performance of the path with the importance degree of the data,a dynamic regulating method of paths is proposed,i.e.,adopting a new path to re-transmit the interrupted data to the destination.Finally,the effect of the proposed strategies is verified by case studies.

Interrupted Time Series Analysis of Military and Civilian Regimes in Nigeria: A Statistical Evidence from Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Governments influence the economy by changing the level and types of taxes, the extent and composition of spending, and the degree and form of borrowing. Governments directly and indirectly influence the way resources are used in the economy. Higher taxes, fees, and greater regulations can stymie businesses or entire industries and the resulting impact is reflected on the country’s economy status (strong or weak). The growth rate of GDP is often used as an indicator of the general health of the economy. In broad terms, an increase in real GDP is interpreted as a sign that the economy is doing well. So it is important to study and pay more attention to country’s GDP growth rate. In this paper, an intervention analysis approach was applied to Nigeria GDP data in order to evaluate the performances of military and civilian rules in the country. Data on Nigeria GDP were collected and subjected to interrupted (intervention) time series model. Based on the Alkaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and sigma2 values, the interrupted time series model ARIMA (1, 1, 0) with exogenous variables (per capita per capita GDP, intervention, year and yearAfter) was identified as the best model amongst other competing models. It was observed that the intervention (civilian rule) was significant at the 10% level of significance in increasing the Nigeria GDP by 10B US$ on the average since 2005 till 2021 while controlling for the effects of other determinants. Also, the ARIMA (1, 1, 0) forecasts indicate that the Nigeria GDP will continue increasing during the civilian rule. As a result, changing from military rule to civilian rule in Nigeria significantly increased the GDP of the country.

Interrupted Time Series Analysis of Military and Civilian Regimes in Nigeria: A Statistical Evidence from Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Governments influence the economy by changing the level and types of taxes, the extent and composition of spending, and the degree and form of borrowing. Governments directly and indirectly influence the way resources are used in the economy. Higher taxes, fees, and greater regulations can stymie businesses or entire industries and the resulting impact is reflected on the country’s economy status (strong or weak). The growth rate of GDP is often used as an indicator of the general health of the economy. In broad terms, an increase in real GDP is interpreted as a sign that the economy is doing well. So it is important to study and pay more attention to country’s GDP growth rate. In this paper, an intervention analysis approach was applied to Nigeria GDP data in order to evaluate the performances of military and civilian rules in the country. Data on Nigeria GDP were collected and subjected to interrupted (intervention) time series model. Based on the Alkaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and sigma2 values, the interrupted time series model ARIMA (1, 1, 0) with exogenous variables (per capita per capita GDP, intervention, year and yearAfter) was identified as the best model amongst other competing models. It was observed that the intervention (civilian rule) was significant at the 10% level of significance in increasing the Nigeria GDP by 10B US$ on the average since 2005 till 2021 while controlling for the effects of other determinants. Also, the ARIMA (1, 1, 0) forecasts indicate that the Nigeria GDP will continue increasing during the civilian rule. As a result, changing from military rule to civilian rule in Nigeria significantly increased the GDP of the country.

基于间断时间序列分析的医院DRG付费改革成效评价研究

目的:分析DRG付费改革对天津市某三级医疗机构运行的影响。方法:收集2020年1月~2022年12月改革试点医疗机构医疗服务能力、医疗服务效率、医疗服务质量3个维度的月度数据,采用间断时间序列数据模型分析改革前后各类指标趋势的变化。结果:试点医院医疗服务能力提升效果显著,医疗服务效率存在较大提升空间,改革对于医疗服务质量影响甚微。结论:在当前诊疗能力稳步提升的情况下、医保支付改革所倡导的降本增效要求下以及“以治疗为中心”转向“以健康为中心”的医疗服务发展模式下,应完善DRG付费改革促进医疗服务能力、医疗服务效率和医疗服务质量提升的关键机制,多措并举实现公立医院高质量发展。

直流快速开断技术研究进展和展望

由于直流电流无自然过零点且短路电流上升率高,直流电流快速开断与系统故障切除成为制约直流电力系统发展的一大瓶颈。该综述首先介绍了直流快速开断技术要求与难点。其次,详细分析了直流快速开断过程涉及的关键技术,包括电流转移技术、固态式直流开断技术、介质恢复技术和高速机械开关技术等,综述了各种技术的当前发展现状及其应用情况,对比了不同技术方案的特点及适应性。最后,对直流快速开断技术未来发展方向进行了讨论和总结,为小型化、高性能、低成本、高可靠快速直流断路器的研发及推广应用提供了新的技术思路。

基于多类需求响应的配电网优化调度

针对当前激励型定价补偿机制无法满足多类型负荷差异化需求的问题,提出了一种分段式补偿价格形式的可中断负荷补偿方法,同时引入负荷转移时间和负荷转移功率的二维交变函数,建立了量化负荷转移成本的可转移负荷补偿模型;计及可中断负荷不确定性,建立了多类型需求响应参与配电网优化运行模型,针对模型中非凸非线性的约束,利用二阶锥松弛方法将模型转化为混合整数二阶锥规划模型,采用CPLEX求解器对模型进行求解,并引入贡献度和置信度作为评估用户响应能力的评价指标。仿真结果表明,新型补偿机制能更加合理地指导用户调整用电负荷,平滑负荷曲线,提高配电网运行经济性。

系统级单粒子效应试验方法研究

为评估星载电子系统抗单粒子效应敏感性及验证系统级加固方法有效性,本文开展了系统级单粒子效应试验方法的相关研究。验证了采用地面模拟装置以逐一辐照系统中器件方式评估系统功能中断率的可行性,提出可通过多种方式获取器件的敏感性数据,指出直接将系统中器件对应的功能中断截面进行加和求取系统截面曲线的不合理之处,本研究为开展系统级单粒子效应试验提供了技术支撑。

基于PCIE总线的大数据通信传输时延控制系统设计

在大数据传输中,当网络流量过大或网络拓扑复杂时,可能会出现网络拥塞的情况,导致通信传输时延的增加,为了优化通信网络的数据传输效率,设计基于PCIE总线的大数据通信传输时延控制系统;在PCIE总线核结构下设计大数据收发器、通信转换模块与通信中断控制器,搭建时延控制终端,联合大数据通信寄存器与时延状态估计器,实现传输时延控制硬件系统的设计;在通信数据相空间内,计算传输时延量的具体数值水平,完成对大数据通信传输时延的预测;根据大数据通信序列定义条件,得到与通信传输时延状态相关的反馈信息,并以此为基础,确定具体的控制方案,完成基于PCIE总线的大数据通信传输时延控制系统设计;实验结果表明,PCIE总线控制系统的应用可将大数据通信时延控制在0~0.20 ms范围之内,不会因时延过大造成数据信息瞬时响应速率下降的问题,且数据传输丢包率低于10%,符合实际应用需求。

OFDM-UAV中继广播通信系统航迹优化方法

为了提高无人机中继广播通信系统的性能,针对频率选择性衰落信道,考虑基站到无人机以及无人机到用户的全通信链路,提出了基于正交频分复用(OFDM)技术的无人机中继广播通信系统航迹优化方法。首先提出了基于OFDM的无人机中继广播通信传输模型,对单用户节点中断概率和系统平均中断概率进行理论分析并给出近似计算公式;然后以平均中断概率最小化和最大用户中断概率最小化为优化准则,提出无人机的航迹优化方法并分析了各因素对系统中断性能的影响;最后通过计算机仿真,证明了所提航迹优化方法正确有效。研究表明:在多径信道下,基于OFDM的无人机中继广播通信系统能有效克服频率选择性衰落,且译码转发方式下的连通性优于放大转发方式;基于平均中断概率最小化准则得到的系统中断性能优于最大用户中断概率最小化准则。

护士驱动下MDT管理模式在降低肠内营养患者喂养中断发生率中的应用

目的探讨在肠内营养过程中由护士驱动,运用多学科团队协作模式(MDT管理模式)在降低肠内营养患者喂养中断发生率中的应用。方法采用实验性研究方法,将2021年2-7月神经外科71例首次使用肠内营养患者作为对照组;将2021年8-12月神经外科71例首次使用肠内营养患者作为试验组,对照组接受早期肠内营养支持常规护理,试验组接受以护士为主导,联合营养师、临床医师、信息科等MDT团队管理模式,运用信息化肠内营养管理路径为患者提供个性化的肠内营养,比较2组肠内营养患者输注环节质量、肠内营养并发症发生情况、喂养中断发生情况及输注热卡达标情况,以降低首次使用肠内营养患者在喂养过程中出现的肠内营养并发症,减少与喂养流程有关的喂养中断发生率。结果2组患者肠内喂养开启及时率、喂养速度调节正确率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者肠内营养并发症发生率、喂养中断的发生率及肠内营养开启3 d内的目标量达标率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论由护士驱动下MDT管理模式能提高肠内营养开启后3 d内目标达标率,降低肠内营养并发症及喂养中断的发生。

铁心式双极纵磁触头纵向磁场测量及磁场饱和特性研究

铁心式双极纵磁触头是高压真空灭弧室中常用的触头类型之一。为探究铁心式双极纵磁触头真空灭弧室燃弧过程中真空电弧不可控模式出现的成因,对铁心式双极纵磁触头的纵向磁场特性进行了实验与仿真研究。采用霍尔效应传感器阵列搭建了触头磁场测量平台,对1~15 kA下铁心式双极纵磁触头的纵向磁场分布进行了测量,基于实测结果验证了铁心式双极纵磁触头磁场仿真模型的准确性,并利用该仿真模型进一步仿真分析了1~40 kA电流下的触头磁场饱和特性及40 kA电流等级下燃弧过程中触头间纵向磁场的动态变化规律。结果显示,铁心式双极纵磁触头的纵向磁场在电流大于10 kA后开始呈现出显著的饱和趋势,由于磁场饱和现象的存在,大电流燃弧过程中触头磁场随时间的变化曲线在电流峰值附近将出现数毫秒的畸变。铁心式双极纵磁触头的纵向磁场饱和现象及纵向磁场随触头开距增大的衰减共同导致了该触头大电流燃弧过程中电流峰值附近真空电弧不可控模式的出现。文中的研究加深了对铁心式双极纵磁触头控弧过程的理解,并对该触头的设计具有指导价值。

低压直流电弧检测与分断技术研究综述

低压直流电弧精准检测与快速分断技术是保障低压直流配用电系统安全、稳定、可靠运行的关键。首先综述轨道交通新场景下发展的直流故障电弧检测技术,分析多类基于时频域特征构建算法和基于机器学习的智能模型设计方式,介绍采用电磁、电流信号等特征的多种直流故障电弧定位技术。其次综述面向低压直流系统的快速分断技术,概述传统机械断路器开断方法,介绍基于电力电子器件发展的混合式断路器和固态断路器研究进展。最终提出低压电器设计领域发展方向,以期为相关研究人员提供参考。

西方稀土产业链重构对中国贸易地位的影响

在西方“去风险化”盛行的背景下,国际稀土产业链重构成为一个广泛关注的问题。为研究美西方稀土产业链重构对中国稀土产品贸易地位的影响,采用复杂贸易网络,以出口贸易额为权重构建了有向加权贸易矩阵,借助相关指标分析了2002—2021年稀土贸易网络格局变化,并借助Python软件的networkx包对2019年6类稀土产品贸易网络进行中断模拟,中断规则设计为主要网络节点对主要产品的蓄意中断。研究发现:澳大利亚中断向中国出口稀土原矿(HS253090)对中国节点近邻平均强度影响最大,但是可以通过显著加大从其他贸易伙伴进口来克服这种影响。中国中断向日本出口稀土金属(HS280530)对中国贸易网络聚类加权系数和节点近邻平均强度影响较大,而中国中断向美国出口稀土永磁(HS850511)的影响相对较小。在原有贸易关系被减弱或中断后,相较于增强与其他原有贸易国的贸易往来,中国更倾向于开拓新的贸易合作关系。除了铈的化合物(HS284610)之外,中国处于其他5种产品贸易网络的核心地位,影响力最大。中国在稀土永磁(HS850511)的贸易网络中抗干扰性最好,而稀土金属(HS280530)的中转性有待加强。

一种可选择中断的混合式直流断路器拓扑

传统的混合式直流断路器应对瞬时性故障时必须先切断故障电流,再进行重合闸,会造成短暂性的电能供应中断。对此,提出一种适用于中压直流的可选择中断混合式直流断路器拓扑。该断路器可根据不同的故障类型选择运行方式,在与主导通支路串联的桥式结构中增加电容和限流电感抑制故障的电流上升,并储存能量,通过释能电阻对能量进行释放。对所提出的拓扑进行工作过程和理论分析。在单端直流等效系统中进行仿真验证,该结构在应对永久性短路故障时,可在9 ms内切除故障;应对瞬时性故障时,可使系统在不中断电流的情况下恢复正常运行,并释放故障时产生的能量。仿真结果验证了该拓扑的优越性。

村落中的“公主”——城市化进程中的成长陷阱

中国近40年的城市化进程,对女性成长具有特殊意味。有这样一群农村姑娘,她们本是家庭、村落或学校的宠儿,充满内在的骄傲,对人生有着特别的渴望期许,但最终走上了成功与幸福相对立的道路。对她们而言,成长中的陷阱遍布爱情、家庭与事业各个方面。在这里,赫然存在一种文化中断。这种文化中断不是根源于波伏瓦所说的“幸福的被动性”或布迪厄所说的“男性统治”及其背后的“象征暴力”,也不是由于家庭资本或社会经济地位的特殊影响,而是与一套外在的打断系统息息相关。正是这套打断系统在她们生活中再造了相互观看与占有、情感结构与事业组织、理论生活与生产性劳动的现实区分。而城乡二元体制,则是这种打断系统制度化的核心。从这里,我们看到了城市、学校与理论知识这样一套公共支持系统与女性成长的内在关联。