ZTE Corporation is China’s largest listedtelecommunications equipment provider spe-cialized in offering a full range of tailor-madesolutions for customers in high-,middle-andlow-end markets.
Chinese culture is broad and profund,we have 5000 years’ histories.during the 5000 years emerge lots of literatures which show us the political,economic,cultural situation.Recent years,many author translate these cre...Chinese culture is broad and profund,we have 5000 years’ histories.during the 5000 years emerge lots of literatures which show us the political,economic,cultural situation.Recent years,many author translate these creams to other countries for futher study of Chinese culture,however,we have lots of difference: habit difference;religion difference;custom difference;culture difference;language difference.thus,It’s hard to translate thses,here we also have some principles for translation: be loyal to the original work both on meaning and style;,here,I will analysis two copies a dream of red mansion to find out different translate approach.展开更多
In modern Beyond-Visual-Range(BVR)aerial combat,unmanned loyal wingmen are pivotal,yet their autonomous capabilities are limited.Our study introduces an advanced control algorithm based on hierarchical reinforcement l...In modern Beyond-Visual-Range(BVR)aerial combat,unmanned loyal wingmen are pivotal,yet their autonomous capabilities are limited.Our study introduces an advanced control algorithm based on hierarchical reinforcement learning to enhance these capabilities for critical missions like target search,positioning,and relay guidance.Structured on a dual-layer model,the algorithm’s lower layer manages basic aircraft maneuvers for optimal flight,while the upper layer processes battlefield dynamics,issuing precise navigational commands.This approach enables accurate navigation and effective reconnaissance for lead aircraft.Notably,our Hierarchical Prior-augmented Proximal Policy Optimization(HPE-PPO)algorithm employs a prior-based training,prior-free execution method,accelerating target positioning training and ensuring robust target reacquisition.This paper also improves missile relay guidance and promotes the effective guidance.By integrating this system with a human-piloted lead aircraft,this paper proposes a potent solution for cooperative aerial warfare.Rigorous experiments demonstrate enhanced survivability and efficiency of loyal wingmen,marking a significant contribution to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV)formation control research.This advancement is poised to drive substantial interest and progress in the related technological fields.展开更多
Two sets of assumptions surrounding the Manchus and footbinding have crept into the historiography of the Qing period. A first set of assumptions claims that the Manchus attempted to ban footbinding among civilian Han...Two sets of assumptions surrounding the Manchus and footbinding have crept into the historiography of the Qing period. A first set of assumptions claims that the Manchus attempted to ban footbinding among civilian Han on repeated occasions after the conquest but failed due to women＇s resistance. Moreover, Qing attempts to ban footbinding made binding into a politically charged ethnic marker that embodied for Han anti-Manchu and anti-Qing sentiments and caused the bans to backfire and footbinding to spread further. A second set of assumptions claims that the overwhelming cultural allure and popularity of footbinding proved irresistible to banner women, who, thwarted by banner regulations forbidding the practice, covertly imitated footbinding by wearing platform shoes that hid natural feet and created an illusion of smallness. This paper scrutinizes the evidence put forward by Qing historians for the first of these two sets of assumptions. The claims are found to be unsubstantiated and evidence is offered that contradicts them. I argue that the weight of evidence shows that there was no prohibition on footbinding imposed in 1645 or at any time during the Manchu conquest, and that a 1664 proposal to ban footbinding was withdrawn before it could be implemented, for reasons misunderstood by historians offootbinding. Therefore there could have been no ＂resistance＂ by Han women or men to a ban on footbinding, and claims that footbinding became a politically charged ethnic marker of anti-Qing sentiment in the seventeenth century are groundless. With regard to the second set of assumptions, I provide evidence in a separate paper to be published elsewhere that banner women had distinctive roles and fashions uninfluenced by the culture of footbinding, and that in Beijing and the Northeast Manchu styles were emulated by Han, not vice versa.展开更多
We consider queueing networks （QN＇s） with feedback loops roamed by ＂intelligent＂ agents, able to select their routing on the basis of their measured waiting times at the QN nodes. This is an idealized model to di...We consider queueing networks （QN＇s） with feedback loops roamed by ＂intelligent＂ agents, able to select their routing on the basis of their measured waiting times at the QN nodes. This is an idealized model to discuss the dynamics of customers who stay loyal to a service supplier, provided their service time remains below a critical threshold. For these QN＇s, we show that the traffic flows may exhibit collective patterns typically encountered in multi-agent systems. In simple network topologies, the emergent cooperative behaviors manifest themselves via stable macroscopic temporal oscillations, synchronization of the queue contents and stabilization by noise phenomena. For a wide range of control parameters, the underlying presence of the law of large numbers enables us to use deterministic evolution laws to analytically characterize the cooperative evolution of our multi-agent systems. In particular, we study the case where the servers are sporadically subject, to failures altering their ordinary behavior.展开更多
We study a supply chain in which an original equipment manufacturer(OEM)outsources manufacturing functions to a contract manufacturer(CM)for cost saving.In addition to accepting the OEM's order,the CM can develop ...We study a supply chain in which an original equipment manufacturer(OEM)outsources manufacturing functions to a contract manufacturer(CM)for cost saving.In addition to accepting the OEM's order,the CM can develop self-branded products and enter the end-market.Because of the OEM's well-known brand and long-term good reputation,we take the asymmetric customer loyalty into consideration-a fraction of customers are loyal customers(LCs)who only consider buying the product from the OEM,while other customers in the market are non-loyal customers(NCs)who might switch to purchasing the CM7s product because of the lower selling price.We explore whether the CM will enter the end-market and if so,what is the impact of the market entry on the OEM and the entire supply chain.Counterintuitively,we find that there will be no market entry when the CM is relatively strong,i.e.,the CM is able to provide self-branded products with relatively high acceptance and the CM has a relatively large bargaining power.In addition,when the NC segment is an important profit source for the OEM,i.e.,the NCs7 market size is relatively large and their willingness-to-pay is relatively high,the market entry will not occur,either.The OEM's profit is always hurt by the CM's market entry unless the OEM always only sells the product to the LCs,while the supply chain sometimes can get benefit.Through numerical simulations,we reveal the relationships between the profit change of different parties and the key parameters,such as the relative willingness-to-pay and market sizes of two types of customers,the CMrs bargaining power and the acceptance of the CMrs product,when the market entry becomes an available option for the CM.The impact of production cost difference on the market entry decision and profit changes is also analyzed in the extension when producing the OEM's product is more costly for the CM than producing the self-branded product.展开更多
文摘ZTE Corporation is China’s largest listedtelecommunications equipment provider spe-cialized in offering a full range of tailor-madesolutions for customers in high-,middle-andlow-end markets.
文摘Chinese culture is broad and profund,we have 5000 years’ histories.during the 5000 years emerge lots of literatures which show us the political,economic,cultural situation.Recent years,many author translate these creams to other countries for futher study of Chinese culture,however,we have lots of difference: habit difference;religion difference;custom difference;culture difference;language difference.thus,It’s hard to translate thses,here we also have some principles for translation: be loyal to the original work both on meaning and style;,here,I will analysis two copies a dream of red mansion to find out different translate approach.
基金This study was co-supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi,China(No.2022JQ-593)the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology,China(No.2022GY-089)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.20220013053005).
文摘In modern Beyond-Visual-Range(BVR)aerial combat,unmanned loyal wingmen are pivotal,yet their autonomous capabilities are limited.Our study introduces an advanced control algorithm based on hierarchical reinforcement learning to enhance these capabilities for critical missions like target search,positioning,and relay guidance.Structured on a dual-layer model,the algorithm’s lower layer manages basic aircraft maneuvers for optimal flight,while the upper layer processes battlefield dynamics,issuing precise navigational commands.This approach enables accurate navigation and effective reconnaissance for lead aircraft.Notably,our Hierarchical Prior-augmented Proximal Policy Optimization(HPE-PPO)algorithm employs a prior-based training,prior-free execution method,accelerating target positioning training and ensuring robust target reacquisition.This paper also improves missile relay guidance and promotes the effective guidance.By integrating this system with a human-piloted lead aircraft,this paper proposes a potent solution for cooperative aerial warfare.Rigorous experiments demonstrate enhanced survivability and efficiency of loyal wingmen,marking a significant contribution to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV)formation control research.This advancement is poised to drive substantial interest and progress in the related technological fields.
文摘Two sets of assumptions surrounding the Manchus and footbinding have crept into the historiography of the Qing period. A first set of assumptions claims that the Manchus attempted to ban footbinding among civilian Han on repeated occasions after the conquest but failed due to women＇s resistance. Moreover, Qing attempts to ban footbinding made binding into a politically charged ethnic marker that embodied for Han anti-Manchu and anti-Qing sentiments and caused the bans to backfire and footbinding to spread further. A second set of assumptions claims that the overwhelming cultural allure and popularity of footbinding proved irresistible to banner women, who, thwarted by banner regulations forbidding the practice, covertly imitated footbinding by wearing platform shoes that hid natural feet and created an illusion of smallness. This paper scrutinizes the evidence put forward by Qing historians for the first of these two sets of assumptions. The claims are found to be unsubstantiated and evidence is offered that contradicts them. I argue that the weight of evidence shows that there was no prohibition on footbinding imposed in 1645 or at any time during the Manchu conquest, and that a 1664 proposal to ban footbinding was withdrawn before it could be implemented, for reasons misunderstood by historians offootbinding. Therefore there could have been no ＂resistance＂ by Han women or men to a ban on footbinding, and claims that footbinding became a politically charged ethnic marker of anti-Qing sentiment in the seventeenth century are groundless. With regard to the second set of assumptions, I provide evidence in a separate paper to be published elsewhere that banner women had distinctive roles and fashions uninfluenced by the culture of footbinding, and that in Beijing and the Northeast Manchu styles were emulated by Han, not vice versa.
基金the Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique under Grant No.200021-109191/1the Portuguese Fundaao para a Cinca e a Tecnologica(FCT Bolsa FEDER/POCTI-SFA-1-219)The original version was presented on ICSSSM'06.
文摘We consider queueing networks （QN＇s） with feedback loops roamed by ＂intelligent＂ agents, able to select their routing on the basis of their measured waiting times at the QN nodes. This is an idealized model to discuss the dynamics of customers who stay loyal to a service supplier, provided their service time remains below a critical threshold. For these QN＇s, we show that the traffic flows may exhibit collective patterns typically encountered in multi-agent systems. In simple network topologies, the emergent cooperative behaviors manifest themselves via stable macroscopic temporal oscillations, synchronization of the queue contents and stabilization by noise phenomena. For a wide range of control parameters, the underlying presence of the law of large numbers enables us to use deterministic evolution laws to analytically characterize the cooperative evolution of our multi-agent systems. In particular, we study the case where the servers are sporadically subject, to failures altering their ordinary behavior.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.71732003 and 71671085.
文摘We study a supply chain in which an original equipment manufacturer(OEM)outsources manufacturing functions to a contract manufacturer(CM)for cost saving.In addition to accepting the OEM's order,the CM can develop self-branded products and enter the end-market.Because of the OEM's well-known brand and long-term good reputation,we take the asymmetric customer loyalty into consideration-a fraction of customers are loyal customers(LCs)who only consider buying the product from the OEM,while other customers in the market are non-loyal customers(NCs)who might switch to purchasing the CM7s product because of the lower selling price.We explore whether the CM will enter the end-market and if so,what is the impact of the market entry on the OEM and the entire supply chain.Counterintuitively,we find that there will be no market entry when the CM is relatively strong,i.e.,the CM is able to provide self-branded products with relatively high acceptance and the CM has a relatively large bargaining power.In addition,when the NC segment is an important profit source for the OEM,i.e.,the NCs7 market size is relatively large and their willingness-to-pay is relatively high,the market entry will not occur,either.The OEM's profit is always hurt by the CM's market entry unless the OEM always only sells the product to the LCs,while the supply chain sometimes can get benefit.Through numerical simulations,we reveal the relationships between the profit change of different parties and the key parameters,such as the relative willingness-to-pay and market sizes of two types of customers,the CMrs bargaining power and the acceptance of the CMrs product,when the market entry becomes an available option for the CM.The impact of production cost difference on the market entry decision and profit changes is also analyzed in the extension when producing the OEM's product is more costly for the CM than producing the self-branded product.
