Intervention decision-making in MAV/UAV cooperative engagement based on human factors engineering

Aiming at the intervention decision-making problem in manned/unmanned aerial vehicle（MAV/UAV） cooperative engagement, this paper carries out a research on allocation strategy of emergency discretion based on human factors engineering（HFE）.Firstly, based on the brief review of research status of HFE, it gives structural description to emergency in the process of cooperative engagement and analyzes intervention of commanders. After that,constraint conditions of intervention decision-making of commanders based on HFE（IDMCBHFE） are given, and the mathematical model, which takes the overall efficiency value of handling emergencies as the objective function, is established. Then, through combining K-best and variable neighborhood search（VNS） algorithm, a K-best optimization variable neighborhood search mixed algorithm（KBOVNSMA） is designed to solve the model. Finally,through three groups of simulation experiments, effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm are verified.

Factors influencing the degree of participation in surgical decision-making among Chinese patients with prostate cancer:A qualitative research

Objective:There was increasingly demand of participation in surgical decision-making among Chinese patients with prostate cancer.However,due to the complex healthcare system and advanced care settings,it is quite challenging for the patients to gain sufficient support from the institute and the government.This research aimed to investigate the factors that impact the degree of participation in surgical decision-making among Chinese prostate cancer patients.Methods:A phenomenological approach of qualitative research based on the results of semi-structured interviews was adopted,to explore the influencing factors which hinder the participation in surgical decision-making.Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research were utilized.Up to 160 post-operative patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy along with 68 medical and nursing staffs,were purposively recruited in this research.This retrospective study was carried out from September 2018 to August 2019.After recording and transcribing the interviews,the interview materials were evaluated via the Colaizzi's seven step approach and the NVivo Version 10 software to analyze the interview content.Results:According to the analysis and summary of the interviews,there were three factors affecting the degree of participation in surgical decision-making.Firstly,insufficient information was provided by medical and nursing staffs because of their lack of time,proper communication skills,and career experience,as well as difficulties in the development of patient decision aid and inconsistent resource availability.Secondly,the cognitive level of decision-making among patients was relatively low due to poor psychological endurance,insufficient amount of education,senility,and less knowledge and information demand.Ultimately,decisions were constantly made by family members with/without patients.Conclusions:The degree of participation of Chinese prostate cancer patients in the surgical decision-making had much space for improvement.

Analysis of Influencing Factors Tourists1 Purchase Decision-making Behavior in Kunming

Based on the theory of consumer behavior,this paper analyzes the current situation of tourism shopping market in Kunming,and analyzes the decision-making behavior of tourists shopping in Kunming with the questionnaire survey,and clarifies the influencing factors of the decision-making behavior of visitors to Kunming.In the future,the influencing factors of Kunming tourists'shopping decision-making behavior are combined with the current situation of Kunming's tourism shopping market.The problems of cheating-induced shopping,the high price of shopping products,the low level of tourism shopping experience and the imperfect after-sales service are analyzed.Finally,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed from four aspects:rectifying the tourism shopping market,establishing a sound price supervision mechanism,strengthening the tourism shopping experience,and improving after-sales service.

Factors of Marketing Toward Customer Decision-Making in Cross-Border E-Commerce:Case Study of QD Company

Taking small cross-border e-commerce enterprise QD company as an example,this study targets customers consuming on the platform of cross-border e-commerce enterprise QD company,and the purpose is to study the marketing factors affecting customer decision-making.By combining with relevant literature,this paper preliminarily confirmed that 7Ps,Technology Acceptance Model(TAM),and customer decision-making theory as the theoretical basis,and established the theoretical model.According to the mature scale of domestic and foreign scholars to measure the research variables,with 7Ps and TAM as the independent variable,TAM perceived usefulness and ease of use as the core of the independent variable,customer decision-making as the dependent variable,in the test before the project,forming a formal questionnaire,the main data are obtained through the design and distribution of the questionnaire.Based on a large number of relevant literature,this paper examines the marketing factors influencing customer decisions in cross-border e-commerce,then identifies goals,builds models,and proposes hypotheses.According to the technical acceptance model in consumer behavior theory,select the cross-border e-commerce enterprise quantum dot platform of consumers as the research object,finally through SPSS software on cross-border consumer feedback,including descriptive statistical analysis,factor analysis,correlation analysis,regression analysis test customer satisfaction,finally found a significant positive relationship between customer decision-making and marketing mix and TAM variables.

Main Factors Affecting the Distribution of the Macroscopic Destruction Field of Earthquake

It is proposed that some possible macroseismic epicenters can be determined quickly from the relationship that the microseismic epicenters located by instruments bear with faults. Based on these so-called macroseismic epicenters, we can make fast seismic hazard estimation after a shock by use of the empirical distribution model of seismic intensity. In comparison with the method that uses the microseismic epicenters directly, this approach can increase the precision of fast seismic hazard estimation. Statistical analysis of 133 main earthquakes in China was made. The result shows that the deviation distance between the microseismic epicenter and macroseismic epicenter falls within the range of 35 km for 88 % earthquakes of the total and within the range of 35 to 75 km for the remaining ones. Then, we can take the area that has the microseismic epicenter as its center and is 35 km in radius as the area for emphatic analysis, and take the area within 75 km around the microseismic epicenter as the area for general analysis. The relation between the 66 earthquake cases on the N-S Seismic Belt in China and the spatial distribution characteristics of faults and the results of focal mechanism solution were analyzed in detail. We know from the analysis that the error of instrumental epicenter determination is not the only factor that gives effects to the deviation of the macroseismic epicenter. In addition to it, the fault size, fault distribution, fault activity, fault intersection types, earthquake magnitude, etc. are also main affecting factors. By sorting out, processing and analyzing these affecting factors, the principle and procedures for quickly determining the possible position of the macroseismic epicenter were set up. Taking these as a basis and establishing a nationwide database of faults that contains relevant factors, it is possible to apply this method in practical fast estimation of seismic hazard.

Analysis of Critical Factors in Manufacturing by Adopting a Cloud Computing Service

The advantages of a cloud computing service are cost advantages,availability,scalability,flexibility,reduced time to market,and dynamic access to computing resources.Enterprises can improve the successful adoption rate of cloud computing services if they understand the critical factors.Tofind critical factors,this studyfirst reviewed the literature and established a three-layer hierarch-ical factor table for adopting a cloud computing service based on the Technology-Organization-Environment framework.Then,a hybrid method that combines two multi-criteria decision-making tools—called the Fuzzy Analytic Network Process method and the concept of VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje acceptable advantage—was used to objectively identify critical factors for the adop-tion of a cloud computing service,replacing the subjective decision of the authors.The results of this study determinedfive critical factors,namely data access secur-ity,information transmission security,senior management support,fallback cloud management,and employee acceptance.Finally,the paper presents thefindings and implications of the study.

合并肉眼血尿和急性肾损伤IgA肾病患者的临床病理特征及预后影响因素

目的:探讨合并肉眼血尿和急性肾损伤(AKI)IgA肾病(IgAN)患者的临床、病理特征及其影响肾功能恢复的因素。方法:回顾性分析2001年12月至2018年2月在联勤保障部队第九OO医院伴肉眼血尿和AKI的原发性IgAN患者(AKI组)30例,并随机抽取同期发生肉眼血尿但无AKI的IgAN患者60例(无AKI组),比较两组患者的临床资料和病理。结果:(1)AKI组与无AKI组,年龄≥55岁、血尿持续天数≥10 d、基础血清肌酐(SCr)、白蛋白、24 h尿蛋白定量差异有统计学差异(P<0.05),AKI组肾小管萎缩、间质细胞浸润、肾血管硬化更严重。相关因素分析发现,伴肉眼血尿的IgAN患者发生AKI的相关危险因素包括肉眼血尿持续时间≥15 d和24 h尿蛋白定量高。(2)23.3%的AKI患者在肉眼血尿消失后,肾功能未能完全恢复。肾功能恢复组与肾功能不完全恢复组在性别、收缩压、舒张压、24 h尿蛋白定量、最高SCr值均无统计学差异;在年龄、肉眼血尿持续时间、基础SCr值、球性硬化积分、肾小管萎缩差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元逐步Logistic回归模型仅发现基础估算的肾小球滤过率影响肾功能转归。结论:肉眼血尿持续时间长、蛋白尿多是IgAN患者发生AKI的危险因素,且部分基础肾功能水平较差的患者在发生AKI后肾功能不能完全恢复。

杭锦旗地区东部下石盒子组圈闭类型划分及充满度分析

针对杭锦旗地区东部下石盒子组圈闭类型复杂,气藏类型不明,圈闭充满度差异大以及储量动用难等问题,利用储/地比值和渗透率变异系数对砂体宏观非均质性进行表征,确定了储/地比值和渗透率变异系数的界线值,以此为依据重新划分圈闭类型发育的区域。在圈闭类型划分的基础上,以什股壕区带西部构造-岩性复合圈闭为例,分析了影响圈闭充满度的因素。研究结果表明:1)宏观非均质性整体上呈现南强北弱的趋势,研究区南部以渗透率变异系数>0.5、储/地比值<0.3为主,储层非均质性强,平面连通性差;北部以渗透率变异系数<0.5、储/地比值>0.3为主,储层整体较为均质。2)盒1段的储/地比值>0.3区域物性好,层内遮挡性差,主要依靠构造控藏,此处主要发育构造圈闭气藏。3)储/地比值<0.3区域物性差,层内遮挡性好,有利于岩性圈闭气藏的发育。4)影响构造-岩性复合圈闭充满度的主要因素有烃源岩的距离、圈闭上覆直接盖层及储层沉积微相等。以上成果认识为下一步油气勘探工作推进以及提高储量动用率提供支撑。

火山岩气藏早期开发特征及其控制因素

通过大庆徐深气田开发取得的矿场资料,分析了火山岩储层开发动态特征,并论述其产生的控制因素。火山岩气藏表现为气井产能、动态储量井与井差异大。试井曲线反映储层具有多种流动区域形态。单井的产量与地层系数、压裂规模关系复杂,即气井产量与压裂规模关系不能用基本的压裂改造机理描述,压裂的增产机理主要是沟通作用,而改造作用次之。研究结果表明,产生其开发动态特殊性的主要控制因素是火山岩储层具有不同于层状储层的储层分布宏观非均质性和具有不同于常规储层的储层微观孔隙结构复杂性。

储层微观参数对宏观参数影响的网络模拟研究

储层宏观参数是储层微观参数的宏观体现。以孔隙度、绝对渗透率、相对渗透率等宏观参数作为约束条件,拟合生成网络模拟模型,在此基础上讨论了孔喉半径、喉道半径均质系数、孔喉比、孔喉润湿性、孔喉形状和配位数等微观参数的变化对孔隙度、绝对渗透率和相对渗透率等宏观参数的影响。在影响因素敏感性分析的基础上,确定了引起储层宏观参数变化的主要微观影响因素。

机动车尾气排放宏观模型开发与应用初探

交通尾气排放宏观模型是进行广域尾气排放估测的重要工具,其功能是计算国家和区域范围内的有交通排放产生的排放因子与排放清单.目前,中国尚缺乏自己的宏观尾气排放模型,利用国外模型进行尾气排放估算误差较大.基于国内自己的尾气排放数据,利用国外的部分模型数据作为必要的补充,提出并实现了中国宏观尾气排放模型的建模方法与程序设计.首先,在总结国外机动车尾气排放模型优缺点的基础上,确定基于中国城市交通环境的机动车尾气排放宏观模型的目标、结构和建模方法,并对模型关键模块的数据获取、数据分析以及计算流程进行了详细的研究.其次,利用Vi-sual Basic对模型进行了程序开发.最后,对北京市2008年尾气排放对交通环境的影响进行预测,并将其预测结果与MOBILE预测结果进行对比分析.

美国宏观因素对研究生教育各层次规模影响作用研究——基于协整方法的实证研究

本文以美国1975～2008年的相关数据为样本,基于协整模型的分析框架实证研究了美国各层次研究生教育的规模与宏观影响因素的相关性。研究结果表明美国的国内生产总值、教育开支和全职教师数量与各层次研究生培养规模存在长期均衡关系,且对于研究生教育的不同层次,各影响因素的作用方向和大小也不同。最后,在此基础上提出对我国研究生教育发展的借鉴和启示。

基于宏细观损伤耦合的非贯通裂隙岩体本构模型

针对非贯通裂隙岩体工程结构中的受荷岩体,提出受荷细观损伤与裂隙宏观损伤的概念。以完整岩石的初始损伤状态作为基准损伤状态,综合考虑裂隙宏观缺陷的存在、微裂纹细观缺陷在受荷下的损伤扩展以及宏细观缺陷在受荷过程中的耦合,基于Lemaitre应变等效假设,推导了考虑宏细观缺陷耦合的复合损伤变量,并给出同时考虑试件尺寸、裂隙几何与力学特性的宏观损伤变量的计算公式,从而建立了基于宏细观缺陷耦合的非贯通裂隙岩体在荷载作用下的损伤本构模型。用宏细观损伤耦合的本构模型来描述非贯通裂隙岩体在受荷过程中的细观损伤演化与宏观损伤行为,与非贯通裂隙岩体实际受荷情况符合较好。研究结果表明:(1)完整岩样和裂隙岩样的应力-应变行为在峰值强度之前差异较大,峰值强度以后差异逐渐减小,最后趋于一致,二者具有相近的残余强度;(2)裂隙岩体强度随裂隙贯通率的增加而增大,随裂隙倾角的变化具有明显的各向异性,同时还与裂隙面的内摩擦角有关;(3)裂隙倾角为90°时,裂隙岩样的峰值强度最高;张开型裂隙岩样的裂隙倾角为45°时,峰值强度最低;(4)非贯通裂隙岩体工程结构中的受荷岩体,其力学性能由受荷细观损伤与裂隙宏观损伤及其耦合效应所决定,基于宏细观损伤耦合的复合损伤变量可以较好地反映非贯通裂隙岩样的力学特性。

健康食品功能化理性设计制造的基础研究进展及其发展方向

基于健康食品加工制造过程中淀粉、蛋白质和油脂等重要组分微观结构、宏观特性与加工因素之间所蕴含的学术关系,凝练出涉及组分相态、聚集态、分子链结构等微观结构因素变化与宏观性质关联的4个关键基础科学问题;在对该前沿领域国内外研究进展综合阐述的基础上,指出了未来研究的主攻方向;这些基础科学问题的解决将为实现健康食品功能化理性设计与制造提供重要的理论支撑.

多元泡沫复合驱宏观渗流机理的三维物理模拟研究

利用"高温高压复杂驱动体系三维物理模拟系统"进行了多元泡沫复合驱提高原油采收率宏观渗流机理的三维物理模拟研究。利用模型上布置的差压传感器和饱和度测量探针,测量了泡沫复合驱的开采效果、压力场和饱和度场,研究了泡沫复合驱提高波及效率与驱油效率的宏观渗流机理。泡沫驱提高采收率的机理是通过贾敏效应改善驱替液的波及体积和洗油效率,泡沫驱能够提高地层的整体压力,在井附近出现显著的压力降漏斗。主对角线两侧的剩余油在注泡沫以后,获得明显的动用,在油藏内形成一个从主流线向两侧扩展的油墙。采收率增值对应着泡沫液突破点,且在泡沫液突破之后有相对较长的低含水生产阶段。

球床氟盐冷却高温堆中^6Li摩尔浓度对冷却剂温度反应性系数影响的研究

球床氟盐冷却高温反应堆作为第四代反应堆,选用2LiF-BeF2做冷却剂。2LiF-BeF2中含有微观吸收截面很大6Li核素,其摩尔含量会对冷却剂的温度反应性系数造成影响,因此研究6Li摩尔含量对冷却剂温度反应性系数的影响十分必要。本文以无限球床为计算模型,利用SCALE6(Standardized Computer Analyses for Licensing Evaluation)对不同6Li摩尔含量的冷却剂温度反应性系数进行研究。分析结果表明,当冷却剂中6Li摩尔含量占Li元素总量的0.005%时,冷却剂中6Li和7Li的宏观吸收截面大致相当;随着6Li摩尔含量的增大,冷却剂的温度反应性系数由负向正转变,并逐渐增大;基于四因子公式的分析表明,引起冷却剂的温度反应性系数由负变正的主要因素为热中子利用系数的变化。

多因素约束条件下高含水油井抽油机宏观工况图版绘制与应用

现有的抽油机井宏观工况控制图版模板单一,未考虑不同油藏类型油井生产工况的差异性,无法满足多类型油藏油井合理工况评价的需要,同时图版仅考虑了泵效与沉没压力的关系,导致工况评价结果不合理。通过对高含水单元的相关影响参数进行多元回归,推导出最优的泵效计算数学模型;突破常规宏观工况控制图版的单因素二维(泵效与泵入口压力)制作方式,确定了渗透率、黏度、泵深三级分类方法和标准,并针对具体的油井类型建立了更准确的工况宏观控制图版区域边界线计算方法,形成了多因素约束条件下高含水油井抽油机井系列化宏观工况图版的制作方法,实现了多维参数对泵效影响的科学评价。对典型高含水油田胜利油田1 666个单元、20 944口抽油机井进行分类,共形成42张图版,实现了科学细分和横向可比,根据宏观工况控制图版制作方法,以胜利油田各单元按泵深分类为例,制作了高渗稀油及常规稠油Ⅰ宏观工况图版;通过油井现场实测示功图的逐井评价,功图符合率由原图版的80.1%上升到96.3%,证明新的宏观工况图版更加科学合理。现场应用效果表明,新图版能够提升油井生产时率和系统效率,降低油井作业费用,有利于提升油田油井工况管理水平和生产效益。

天然气水合物浆流变性的研究现状及发展趋势

天然气水合物浆技术作为一种新兴的水合物防治手段和油气混输方式因其具有巨大的优势而引起了人们的普遍关注,浆液的流变性研究是水合物浆技术实现工业应用的关键,然而,目前相关的文献报道较少。为此,对国内外水合物浆流变性研究进行了系统的介绍,总结了水合物浆的宏观与微观流变性研究方法、测试手段及相关结论,归纳了水合物的体积分数、流速、含水量、水合物颗粒粒径等因素对水合物浆流变性的影响规律,从水合物颗粒聚集力及其影响因素、聚集动力学模型两方面解释了水合物颗粒微观聚集机理,在此基础上提出了强化水合物浆稳定性的4条措施:①提高水转化率,获得"干水合物"颗粒;②将水合物颗粒表面变为油湿性,以降低液桥形成几率;③控制热力学条件实现冷流技术;④寻找临界流速。同时,分析了目前水合物浆流变性实验及理论研究中存在的3个问题:①水合物浆流变性各影响因素之间可能存在交互作用,实验方案不免有疏漏之处,其结论难以具有代表性;②研究缺乏理论基础,说服力较差;③目前的实验研究结论不能直接应用于现场生产,实验研究有待改进且难度较大。最后,指出了未来水合物浆流变性研究的5个方向:①构建微观聚集动力学模型,研究水合物颗粒的聚集机理;②将水合物浆的宏观流变性与微观流变性研究相结合;③寻找水合物浆液稳定流动的临界条件及代表参数,建立稳定流动的评价指标;④加强防聚剂的研究,扩大其使用范围,提高防聚效果,降低药剂成本;⑤研究水合物浆流变性的机理,继续寻找其他可提高水合物浆液稳定性的措施。

宏观规划要素对城市间地价水平差异的影响——以广东省为例

采用线性函数形式,构建城市地价水平的规划要素作用特征价格模型,选择广东省21个地级市作为样本进行定量研究。结果表明:城市性质、城市规模和城市基础设施对广东省城市间地价水平的差异有显著性贡献,城市区位的影响相对不显著;而宏观规划要素影响城市土地质量及供需状况,最终对城市地价水平产生显著影响。认为通过城市规划科学合理地确定宏观规划要素,有助于发挥城市土地利用的经济效益。

基于TCK模型的非贯通节理岩体动态损伤本构模型

提出在岩体动态损伤本构模型中应同时考虑宏、细观缺陷;基于能量原理和断裂力学理论推导得出了同时考虑节理几何及力学特征的宏观损伤变量(张量)的计算公式;基于综合考虑宏、细观缺陷的复合损伤变量(张量)及完整岩石动态损伤Taylor-Chen-Kuszmaul(TCK)模型,建立了相应的单轴压缩下节理岩体动态损伤本构模型;利用该模型讨论了节理内摩擦角及节理长度对岩体动态力学特性的影响规律。研究表明,试件动态峰值强度随着节理内摩擦角的增大而增大,随着节理长度的增加而减小。