Effects of magnesium content on phase constituents of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys

By means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectrum(EDS), X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and metallographic analysis, the effects of variation of magnesium content on phase constituents of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloys were investigated. The results indicate that the constituents formed during casting alloys are main Al1.9CuMg4.1Si3.3,Al4(MnFe)3Si2 and Mg2Si, while pure Si is only present in the alloy containing lower magnesium content. Increasing Mg content leads to increasing the amount of Mg2Si, but decreasing the amount of Al1.9CuMg4.1Si3.3 and Al4(MnFe)3Si2. During the following homogenization process, Al1.9CuMg4.1Si3.3 is completely dissolved, Al4(MnFe)3Si2 and pure Si remain unchanged. After rolling and final heat treatment, the constituents in the alloys change no longer.

Influence of Al Content on the Atmospheric Corrosion Behaviour of Magnesium-Aluminum Alloys

The influence of AI content on the Mg-AI alloys corrosion performance during sodium chloride induced atmospheric corrosion has been studied. It was found that the corrosion rate of three Mg-AI alloys was accelerated with increasing AI content. The poor corrosion resistance was attributed to the galvanic coupling between the phase and eutectic phase or α phase and the formation of porous corrosion products.

Chemical Analysis Method for Carbon Bearing Refractory Products——Determination of Magnesium Oxide Content by CyDTA Volumetric Method

This standard specifies the method summary, reagents, apparatus, sampling, procedure, test results calculation and permissible tolerance of the determination of magnesium oxide by CyDTA volumetric method.

钛白副产硫酸亚铁中镁离子的含量分析

本文研究以酸性铬蓝K为指示剂,以草酸铵为沉淀剂排除Fe^(2+)干扰,用紫外分光光度法测定钛白副产物FeSO_(4)中的Mg^(2+)的含量。实验结果表明,Mg-铬蓝K的最大吸收峰波长为540nm,最佳pH值为9.5,最佳沉淀剂草酸铵的用量为10mL。经加标回收的方法验证了方法的可行性,测出钛白副产物FeSO_(4)中Mg^(2+)含量为1.07%。

不同施镁水平对红壤土花生光合特性、干物质积累和产量的影响

为探究施用镁肥(Mg)对红壤土花生生长和产量的影响,本研究以花育25为供试花生品种,通过盆栽试验,设置0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4 g/kg(Mg0、Mg1、Mg2、Mg3、Mg4)5个镁肥水平,研究不同施镁水平对不同生育时期花生的叶绿素含量、光合特性、镁含量、干物质积累量及成熟期荚果产量的影响。结果表明,一定范围内施用镁肥对花生全生育期的生长和产量均有明显影响,开花下针期、结荚期和成熟期植株叶片叶绿素含量均以Mg2处理最高;开花下针期Mg2处理花生叶片净光合速率、胞间二氧化碳浓度和气孔导度明显高于其他处理;结荚期和成熟期,与Mg0处理相比,Mg2处理荚果干物质积累量分别提高16.4%和18.9%,成熟期单株产量和单株饱果数分别增加15.2%和66.5%。继续增加镁肥施用量至0.3~0.4 g/kg,则明显抑制花生生长。综上,本试验条件下,花育25适宜镁肥施用量为0.2 g/kg。

钛含量对锻压态机械壳体镁合金性能的影响

为了研究钛(Ti)含量对锻压态机械壳体Mg-6Al-4Sn-Ti镁合金耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响,优化Mg-6Al-4Sn-Ti镁合金中的钛含量,制备了锻压态Mg-6Al-4Sn-xTi(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5(质量分数,%))镁合金试样,并进行了合金显微组织、耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能的测试与对比分析。结果表明:合金元素Ti有助于细化锻压态Mg-6Al-4Sn镁合金晶粒、提高合金耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能。随着合金元素Ti含量从0逐渐增加到0.5%,合金晶粒先细化后粗化,磨损体积先减小后增大,腐蚀电位先正移后负移,耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性能均先提高后下降。与不添加Ti的锻压态Mg-6Al-4Sn镁合金相比,添加0.3%Ti的锻压态Mg-6Al-4Sn-Ti镁合金磨损体积减小幅度达21%、腐蚀电位正移幅度达13%。锻压中机械壳体Mg-6Al-4Sn-xTi镁合金的合金元素Ti含量优选为0.3%。

镁含量对光伏废硅粉基硅化镁陶瓷的结构及其热电性能影响

硅化镁由于其组成元素丰度高以及优异的热电性能而被认为是最有前景的中温区热电材料之一.本项工作报道了直接利用光伏废硅粉作为硅源,采用高能球磨和放电等离子体烧结法制备了不同镁含量(镁硅摩尔比为1.9∶1、2∶1和2.1∶1)的硅化镁热电材料,并对材料进行了物相、结构和热电性能分析.研究结果表明:在300~780 K内,不同镁含量的硅化镁陶瓷材料电导率呈现先降低再升高的变化趋势,而Seebeck系数的变化较为平稳,镁硅摩尔比为2∶1的硅化镁陶瓷具有最高的功率因数,其值在800 K下可以达到82μW m^-(1)K^-(2).此外,不同Mg含量对硅化镁陶瓷的热导率的影响十分显著,随着Mg含量的增加,材料的热导率显著降低,在800 K下降低至1.01 W m^-(1)K^-(1).当镁硅摩尔比为2.1∶1时,硅化镁陶瓷在800 K下呈现出最高的ZT值~0.063.本工作表明过量的Mg有助于改善硅化镁的热电性能,同时以光伏废硅粉为原料制备硅化镁热电陶瓷是可行的,同时能够达到二次利用光伏废硅粉产生高附加价值的目的,对环境保护和资源再利用有一定重要意义.

多种方法测定化肥中总镁含量的比较研究

研究建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES法)以及原子吸收分光光度法(AAS法)测定化肥中镁元素含量的检测方法。分别使用新方法和国家标准GB/T 19203—2003中的传统方法,对2种复合肥料标准物质以及15种不同产地、不同镁源、不同镁含量的化肥样品进行测定。t检验结果表明微波消解法与GB/T 19203—2003中硝酸-高氯酸电热板消解法的提取结果无显著性差异;ICP-OES法、AAS法和GB/T 19203—2003中容量法的测定结果无显著性差异。ICP-OES法与AAS法的回收率、精密度均优于容量法。微波消解-ICP-OES法的标准物质回收率分别为110%、108%,6次平行测定的相对标准偏差为0.80%。微波消解-AAS法的标准物质回收率分别为109%、108%,6次平行测定的相对标准偏差为1.29%。与AAS法相比,ICP-OES法的精密度和标准曲线决定系数均更优,标准曲线线性范围更宽,且在实验过程中更加简便、环保,更适用于化肥样品的分析测定。

优化聚丙烯催化剂浆液中镁含量的测定方法研究

聚丙烯催化剂主要作用是催化聚合反应,降低聚合过程中的反应能量,加速聚合反应的速度,从而使聚合反应更加快速和高效。聚丙烯装置催化剂含量过高可能出现爆聚,形成塑化结块,严重时使聚合釜超压,发生爆炸。通过分析催化剂浆液中镁含量可控制催化剂加入量,从而确保反应过程顺利进行。目前,此项目分析样品时间较长,分析过程易受到环境温度、操作条件、人为失误等影响。本文通过优化分析过程,确定最佳操作条件,节省分析时间,提高工作效率。

在线分析仪在盐水系统中的应用

介绍了盐水系统2035系列在线分析仪的原理、分析步骤以及优化改进措施,并论证了仪器的可靠性。

福建省水稻镁肥效应及推荐用量

【目的】明确福建省水稻主产区镁肥肥效,确定区域镁肥适宜用量,为水稻生产中镁肥科学施用提供参考。【方法】2019年10至11月份,于福建水稻主产区开展土壤调研,共采集水稻收获后土壤样品596份,测定了土壤交换性镁含量。量化了不同镁肥用量对水稻产量、经济效益的影响,采用最大经济效益法(maximum return to magnesium,MRTMg)确定福建稻区镁肥推荐用量。于2020、2021年开展了19个田间镁肥梯度试验和10个镁肥示范对比试验,镁肥梯度试验设置4个镁肥用量(以MgO计)处理,分别为:0 (CK)、15 (Mg1)、30(Mg2)和45 kg/hm^(2)(Mg3);镁肥示范对比试验设置两个处理,镁肥(以MgO计)施用量分别为0 (CK)和30kg/hm^(2)(+Mg)。调查了水稻产量。【结果】福建稻区土壤交换性镁平均含量为72.1 mg/kg,含量小于80 mg/kg的土壤样点占74%。水稻产量和经济效益随着镁肥施用量的增加而增加,与CK处理相比,Mg1、Mg2和Mg3处理下水稻产量分别增加4.9%、7.0%和7.2%,水稻纯利润分别增加4.3%、5.5%和4.6%(P<0.05)。土壤交换性镁临界阈值为80 mg/kg,当土壤交换性镁含量<80、80~120、>120 mg/kg时,镁肥最佳经济用量分别为MgO 33.2、27.3、15.8 kg/hm^(2),平均镁肥最佳经济用量为MgO 31.6 kg/hm^(2)。【结论】福建稻区土壤镁缺乏较为普遍,施用镁肥可以显著提高水稻产量及经济效益,水稻生产上需要根据土壤交换性镁供应状况确定镁肥的合理用量。

利用ICP光谱仪测定硅基材料中镁含量的方法

文章主要对硅基复合材料中镁含量的检测方法进行了研究,其检测目的是准确地检测出在制备硅基复合材料过程中镁的含量,从而对最终产物中的硅酸镁含量进行控制。在实验过程中建立了用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定硅酸镁-碳包覆氧化亚硅复合材料中镁含量的方法,最终验证其检出限为0.004 mg/L,检测结果的相对标准偏差均小于5%,线性相关系数达到0.999以上,该方法满足镁含量的测定。

取向硅钢表面点状露金成因研究

对取向硅钢表面的点状露金缺陷的形成原因进行了模拟和研究,采用金相显微镜观察缺陷表面形貌,再采用扫描电镜的面扫描功能分析缺陷成分分布。研究结果表明:取向硅钢在夏季及秋季生产时,因为降雨量多且气温高,空气湿度大,空气中的水蒸气会冷凝在硅钢卷上,硅钢卷表面氧化镁的含水率升高,在水和氧气的作用下,硅钢基体表面产生很多氧化腐蚀点。这些氧化腐蚀点会阻碍高温退火过程中硅酸镁底层的形成,并且在温度升高后与罩室炉内的氢气反应,氧化产物被还原,经酸洗后,最终成品表面留下圆形的白色露金。

原子吸收分光光度法-火焰法测定复方醋酸钠林格注射液中钠、钾、镁、钙离子的含量

目的:建立复方醋酸钠林格注射液中钠、钾、镁、钙离子含量的原子吸收分光光度法-火焰法测定方法。方法:采用A3AFG-12型A3原子吸收分光光度计和XS205DU型、XP6型电子天平,以氯化铯作为测定钠离子和钾离子时的电离抑制剂,氯化镧为测定镁离子和钙离子时电离抑制剂,分别在589.3、766.5、285.2、422.7 nm处测定钠、钾、镁、钙离子含量,并进行方法学验证。结果:4种离子分别在0.15~1.20、0.2~1.6、0.05~0.4、1.014~5.069μg·mL^(-1)的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数分别为r=0.9996、r=0.9993、r=0.9996、r=0.9990;4种离子平均回收率分别为98.5%,98.1%,93.2%,95.0%;测定注射液样品5批,钠、钾、镁、钙离子含量分别在3.186~3.221、0.155~0.160、0.023~0.026、0.056~0.059 mg·mL^(-1)范围内。结论:经方法学验证,所建立的方法重现性强、准确度高,适用于复方醋酸钠林格注射液中钠、钾、镁、钙离子的含量测定。

污泥4种热处理产物中磷的化学提取-沉淀回收性能

污水处理厂污泥中磷含量较高,对磷进行回收能有效实现磷资源的二次利用。采用磷酸铵镁(MAP)回收法分别对污泥4种热处理产物阴燃灰、掺烧灰、焚烧灰和热解焦的酸浸出液进行磷回收试验,重点分析了各热处理产物在酸浸出-MAP路线下的磷回收性能,包括磷沉淀率、产物中磷和杂质含量,并进一步探究了沉淀产物的环境安全性。结果表明,通过酸浸出-MAP回收法,单位质量沉淀产物磷质量分数达19.82~31.71 mg/g,原污泥中磷回收率达49.25%~65.81%。磷回收性能由高到低依次为焚烧灰、热解焦、阴燃灰、掺烧灰。酸浸出-MAP回收产物中含有大量Ca、Fe、Al和Si杂质,且含有一定量Zn、Pb、Cr、Cu、Cd、As和Ni,其中Zn含量远高于其他重金属含量。产物纯度和环境安全性由高到低依次为焚烧灰、掺烧灰、热解焦、阴燃灰。在沉淀产物的环境安全性方面,阴燃灰、焚烧灰和热解焦的酸浸出-MAP回收产物中重金属含量均符合GB/T 23349—2009《肥料中砷、镉、铅、汞生态指标》和GB 4284—2018《农用污泥污染物控制标准》。掺烧灰的酸浸出-MAP回收产物中Cd质量分数为3.20 mg/kg,超过农用污泥污染物控制标准限值3.00 mg/kg。

Novel mechanism for the modification of Al_2O_3-based inclusions in ultra-low carbon Al-killed steel considering the effects of magnesium and calcium

Many researchers have explored the inclusion modification mechanism to improve non-metallic inclusion modifications in steelmaking. In this study, two types of industrial trials on inclusion modifications in liquid steel were conducted using ultra-low-carbon Al-killed steel with different Mg and Ca contents to verify the effects of Ca and Mg contents on the modification mechanism of Al_2O_3-based inclusions during secondary refining. The results showed that Al_2O_3-based inclusions can be modified into liquid calcium aluminate or a multi-component inclusion with the addition of a suitable amount of Ca. In addition, [Mg] in liquid steel can further reduce CaO in liquid calcium aluminate to drive its evolution into CaO–MgO–Al_2O_3 multi-component inclusions. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the reaction between [Mg] and CaO in liquid calcium aluminate occurs when the MgO content of liquid calcium aluminate is less than 3 wt% and the temperature is higher than 1843 K.

氧化镁作为沉淀剂制备氢氧化镍钴产品的沉淀结晶试验

根据海外某公司生产工艺中采用氢氧化钠作为沉淀剂来生产氢氧化镍钴产品,在生产过程中存在沉淀结晶、干燥脱水等有关工艺问题,造成产品含水率高,进而使得产品海外运回中国的运输成本过高,开展了氢氧化镍钴结晶和干燥工艺研究,在不改变现有生产工艺主流程的前提下,拟探索研究以氧化镁作为沉淀剂制备氢氧化镍钴产品,降低产品的含水率。通过系统的实验研究,以国外某氧化镁作为沉淀剂得到的氢氧化镍钴产品中Ni、Co的含量略有下降,产品含水率得到显著下降,有进一步用于工业应用的可能。

Effects of trace Cr on as-cast microstructure and microstructural evolution of semi-solid isothermal heat treatment ZC61 magnesium alloy

The content and kind of trace elements in magnesium alloys have important effects on their ascast and semi-solid microstructures. In this research work, effects of trace Cr on as-cast and semi-solid microstructures of ZC61 magnesium alloy were investigated by metal mold casting and semi-solid isothermal heat treatment. The results show that the addition of Cr can refine the α-Mg phase without generating a new phase, noticeably change the eutectic phase, and decrease the average size of solid particles at the same isothermal heat treatment conditions. Non-dendritic microstructures of all alloys are constituted of α_1-Mg phases, α_2-Mg phases and eutectic phases after water quenching. With isothermal temperature increased or holding time prolonged, the eutectic microstructure(α-Mg+MgZn_2+CuMgZn) at the grain boundaries in as-cast alloy is melted preferentially and then turned into semi-solid non-dendritic microstructure by processes of initial coarsening, microstructure separation, spheroidizing and final coarsening. Especially when the ZC61-0.1 Cr alloy was treated at 585 ℃ for 30 min, the ideal non-dendritic microstructure can be obtained, and the corresponding solid particle size and shape factor were 37.5 μm and 1.33, respectively. The coarsening process of solid α-Mg phase at higher temperature or longer time, which is affected by both combining growth and Ostwald ripening mechanism, is refrained when Cr is added to the ZC61 alloy.

Reduced nitrogen availability during growth improves quality in red oak lettuce leaves by minimizing nitrate content, and increasing antioxidant capacity and leaf mineral content

Overuse of N in lettuce production can lead to environmental problems caused by leaching and the accumulation of harmful nitrates in edible tissues. This study investigated the effect of applied nitrogen (N) concentrations between 40 and 2400 mg·L–1 on growth, nitrate accumulation, mineral leaf content, and antioxidant capacity in Oak Leaf lettuce cv. “Shiraz” grown under hydroponic conditions in Australia. Yield (g FW) increased with nitrogen (N) application rate up to 1200 mg·L–1, as did leaf N content, while C:N declined. Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency (NUtE) increased rapidly from 40 to 75 mg·L–1 applied N, leveling at 150 mg·L–1 with no subsequent effect of N concentrations between 400 and 2400 mg·L–1. Nitrate content rose significantly with increased N, particularly at 1200 and 2400 mg·L–1. Leaf total plant phenolic content (TPP) and antioxidant capacity (measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power—FRAP) were both maximal at 75 and 400 mg·L–1 applied N, while highest oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) values were found in leaves supplied with low N (40 to 400 mg·L–1). Applied N as calcium nitrate also significantly affected leaf mineral content as B, Mg, Mn, and Zn significantly decreased with increasing N. These results indicate that N applications of 1200 mg·L–1 or higher can result in reduced antioxidant capacity and mineral content in lettuce leaves.

Critical Content of MgO in Spheroidisers

Magnesium oxide in spheroidiser is harmful to the production of ductile iron for decreasing active magnesium content. To obtain quality ductile iron, the effects of magnesium oxide content in spheroidisers on spheroidising treatment, microstrucure and properties of ductile iron were researched, and the critical magnesium oxide in spheroidisers was determined.