Performance Study Based on Inner Flow Field Numerical Simulation of Magnetic Drive Pumps with Different Rotate Speeds

Magnetic drive pump has gotten great achievement and has been widely used in some special fields. Currently, the researches on magnetic drive pump have focused on hydraulic design, bearing, axial force in China, and a new magnetic drive pump with low flow and high head have been developed overseas. However, low efficiency and large size are the common disadvantages for the magnetic drive pump. In order to study the performance of high-speed magnetic drive pump, FLUENT was used to simulate the inner flow field of magnetic drive pumps with different rotate speeds, and get velocity and pressure distributions of inner flow field. According to analysis the changes of velocity and pressure to ensure the stable operation of pump and avoid cavitation. Based on the analysis of velocity and pressure, this paper presents the pump efficiency of magnetic drive pumps with different rotated speeds by calculating the power loss in impeller and volute, hydraulic loss, volumetric loss, mechanical loss and discussing the different reasons of power loss between the magnetic drive pumps with different rotated speeds. In addition, the magnetic drive pumps were tested in a closed testing system. Pressure sensors were set in inlet and outlet of magnetic drive pumps to get the pressure and the head, while the pump efficiency could be got by calculating the power loss between the input power and the outlet power. The results of simulation and test were similar, which shows that the method of simulation is feasible. The proposed research provides the instruction to design high-speed magnetic drive pump.

Dynamic Stiffness Analysis and Experimental Verification of Axial Magnetic Bearing Based on Air Gap Flux Variation in Magnetically Suspended Molecular Pump

Current and displacement stiffness are important parameters of axial magnetic bearing(AMB)and are usually considered as constants for the control system.However,in actual dynamic work situations,time-varying force leads to time-varying currents and air gap with a specific frequency,which makes the stiffness of appear decrease and even worsens control performance for the whole system.In this paper,an AMB dynamic stiffness model considering the flux variation across the air gap due to frequency is established to obtain the accurate dynamic stiffness.The dynamic stiffness characteristics are analyzed by means of the dynamic equivalent magnetic circuit method.The analytical results show that the amplitude of current and displacement stiffness decreases with frequency increasing.Moreover,compared with the stiffness model without considering the variation of flux density across the air gap,the improved dynamic stiffness results are closer to the actual results.Through the dynamic stiffness measurement method of AMB,experiments of AMB in magnetically suspended molecular pump(MSMP)are carried out and the experimental results are consistent with theoretical analysis results.This paper proposes the dynamic stiffness model of axial magnetic bearing considering the variation of flux density across the air gap,which improves the accuracy of the AMB stiffness analysis.

Optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotating in a plane parallel to the quantization axis

A model of an optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotating in a plane parallel to the quantization axis is presented. Different coordinate frames for nuclear spin polarization vector are introduced, and theoretical calculation is conducted to analyze this model. We demonstrate that when the optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotates in a plane parallel to the quantization axis, it will maintain a steady state with respect to the quantization axis which is independent of rotational speed and direction.

Linear Permanent-Magnet Pump and Stirrer for Molten Aluminium

A new type of contactless stirrer and/or pump has been developed for Aluminium industry.Large scale synchronously rotating permanent magnet cylinders,which are magnetized orthogonal to the axes,are used to create travelling magnetic field in Aluminium furnace through a thick bottom or wall,which induces stirring in a liquid metal pool similarly to traditional AC three-phase inductors.Flowrate of up to 600 tons per hour can be achieved with negligible energy dissipation even if the total wall thickness of the furnace is 30 cm.The advantage of the permanent magnet inductor is much lower energy consumption-maximum energy consumption of the stirrer to produce sufficiently high mechanical torque does not exceed 20 kW even for 600 ton per hour stirrer.Produced metal flow is quite similar to that,which is achieved by the AC three-phase induction stirrers offered by ABB and other companies.AC three-phase inductors exhibit very high Joule losses in the coils of the machine,but the permanent magnet system working at frequency in the range from 0.5 Hz to 2 Hz produces negligible Joule losses both in liquid Aluminium as well as in stainless steel plate of the furnace bottom enclosure and in the permanent magnet material itself,so relatively weak air cooling is sufficient.The linear permanent magnet stirrer has been experimentally tested on a small scale lab model in a shallow pool of InGaSn eutectic. The tests confirm the predicted flow intensities and flow pattern,and give sufficient results for validation of the large scale flow simulations.Principal schematics of investigated system and the free surface deformation of the liquid metal due to action of the stirrer are shown below.The linear permanent magnet system may be used also as a contactless pump for liquid Aluminium in two-chamber furnaces,for tapping the liquid metal or for transportation and precision dozing.If high flow rate is required simultaneously with considerable elevation of the liquid metal level,the wall thickness of the channel should be lower and frequency of the travelling magnetic field higher comparing to the case of stirring application.Two sided pump has also been considered for a fiat channel,promising two times higher magnetic field induction and four times higher delivered pressure head.Seeing in perspective wide range applications of the proposed system a patent has been obtained.

Optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotating in a plane parallel to the quantization axis

Requested by the authors, the article entitled ＂Optical pumping nuclear magnetic resonance system rotating in a plane parallel to the quantization axis＂, published in Chinese Physics B, 2017, Vol. 26, Issue 9, Article No. 093301, has been withdrawn from the publication. The authors found that the axes in the rotating frame xy＇z are not all time-invariant, so Eq. （12） obtained from Eq. （11） is incorrect, and the conclusion is inaccurate.

Optical pumping and population transfer of nuclear-spin states of caesium atoms in high magnetic fields

Nuclear-spin states of gaseous-state Cs atoms in the ground state are optically manipulated using a Ti：sapphire laser in a magnetic field of 1.516 T, in which optical coupling of the nuclear-spin states is achieved through hyperfine interactions between electrons and nuclei. The steady-state population distribution in the hyperfine Zeeman sublevels of the ground state is detected by using a tunable diode laser. Furthermore, the state population transfer among the hyperfine Zeeman sublevels, which results from the collision-induced modification δa（S·I） of the hyperfine interaction of Cs in the ground state due to stochastic collisions between Cs atoms and buffer-gas molecules, is studied at different buffer-gas pressures. The experimental results show that high-field optical pumping and the small change δa（S · I） of the hyperfine interaction can strongly cause the state population transfer and spin-state interchange among the hyperfine Zeeman sublevels. The calculated results maybe explain the steady-state population in hyperfine Zeeman sublevels in terms of rates of optical-pumping, electron-spin flip, nuclear spin flip, and electron-nuclear spin flip-flop transitions among the hyperfine Zeeman sublevels of the ground state of Cs atoms. This method may be applied to the nuclear-spin-based solid-state quantum computation.

Spin pumping through magnetic impurity effect

We propose a simple adiabatic quantum spin pump to generate pure spin current. The spin pump is driven by an ac gate voltage and a time-dependent magnetic impurity potential. It is found that the total pumped spin per cycle exhibits oscillations, whose magnitude decays exponentially with changing strength of the impurity potential. The proposed method may be useful for spintronic applications.

千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置初始磁场电源系统研制

初始磁场电源系统用于激励千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置的初级线圈产生初始磁场,是内爆磁压缩装置的关键设备。在分析千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置初始磁场电源需求和技术难点的基础上,系统设计了核心部件选择方案和主脉冲电路及控制系统结构,研制成功一套输出电压1~40 kV可调、主放电电流脉冲上升沿约60μs、总峰值电流达3.2 MA的初始磁场电源系统,已应用于千特斯拉级内爆磁压缩装置动态试验。

A New Magnetic Sealless Coupling Axial Flow Blood Pump

For rotating blood pump, the sealing problem is a very important one to solve. In this paper, it was introduced that we designed and made a small axial flow pump, applying the magnetic coupling method. The pump consisted of two pump housings, a brushless DC motor, an impeller with five wanes, a pair of magnetic discs, a spacer, an inlet and an outlet areas , bearings, a support frame, and etc. The pump is made of titanium and is 125 mm length, 147 ml volume, total 380g of weight. Performances of outputting, sealing, heat creating and damage to blood by the pump were investigated in vitro experiment. Results showed for external experiment that: (1)The pressure created by the pump was 90 mmHg, the flow rates were 1.2 L/min, 4 L/min, 5.9 L/min and 7.8 L/min correspondingly to 5000 rpm, 6000 rpm, 7000 rpm and 8000rpm rotation speeds. The hydrodynamic performance of the axial flow blood pump was enough to meet a patient need when the blood pump was used as a left ventricular assistant device. (2)The hemolysis test was studied by the normalized index of hemolysis(NIH). The NIH result of the axial flow pump was 0.08 g/100 L. (3)The outside temperature of the pump didnt change obviously in 120 hours of rotation, and the sealing function was very well.

用数字示波器探究光磁共振实验中反常共振信号的机理

本文根据拟合得到的gF因子大小,确定了光磁共振实验中的反常共振信号;用数字示波器测量了反常共振射频信号的频谱,计算了反常共振射频信号各高次谐波的大小;通过线性拟合,得到了正常共振信号幅度与射频信号幅度的关系。利用此关系,计算了各高次谐波产生的反常共振信号大小,计算结果与测量值基本一致。频率计连接射频信号源后,射频信号波形和频谱发生明显变化,反常共振信号随着射频信号频谱的变化发生相应改变,进一步证明了反常共振信号由射频信号的高次谐波共振所引起。这些结果表明,用数字示波器探究光磁共振实验中反常共振信号的机理不仅可行,还能定量估算和预测射频信号波形对反常共振信号大小的影响。

人工肾脏泵用磁悬浮轴承设计与磁力特性分析

代替透析膜的持续离心分离新方法提高了依赖血液透析治疗的肾脏病患者生活质量,随之,人工肾脏泵的研究被很多学者关注.但传统人工肾脏泵采用滚动轴承进行支撑,存在溶血高、血栓率高等问题,为此,本文利用磁悬浮轴承的非接触、无润滑、高转速等优点,研发了一种应用于人工肾脏泵的结构紧凑且节能的单自由度控制型磁悬浮轴承.利用有限元分析软件进行仿真,探索径向被动控制部分和轴向主动控制部分的设计参数,并对总体进行仿真验证,进而对磁悬浮轴承进行结构性能评估.结果表明:仿真与实验的径向位移刚度系数分别为47.432 N/mm和49.531 N/mm,轴向电流刚度系数分别为0.144 N/AT和0.135 N/AT,轴向位移刚度系数为223.071 N/mm,满足该磁悬浮轴承的五自由度稳定悬浮要求;所设计的磁悬浮轴承简化了系统结构,减小了控制难度以及降低了系统功耗.

一种零泄漏的齿轮泵设计

介绍了齿轮泵的设计过程,从变位系数和压力角两个方面着手,重点阐述了依据排量和中心距设计齿轮参数的选择方法。为实现零泄露,采用了磁性联轴器代替机械密封,结构更紧凑,密封性更好。齿轮泵整体结构小巧,能满足实际需求。

磁悬浮分子泵转子振动抑制研究

磁悬浮分子泵具有工作转速高、转子极转动惯量大等特点,针对磁悬浮分子泵转子在升速过程中出现的弯曲模态振动以及涡动模态振动,提出了一种基于滤波交叉反馈与陷波器的大转动惯量磁悬浮转子控制方法。建立磁悬浮轴承-大转动惯量刚性转子系统数学模型,求解得出转子涡动模态频率,根据该模型分析了滤波交叉反馈控制器对涡动模态振动的抑制效果,并且设计了陷波器用于抑制不同转速下的转子弯曲模态振动。试验结果表明,磁悬浮分子泵稳定升速至工作转速18000 r/min,转子振动位移为35μm,弯曲模态振动以及涡动模态振动得到了有效抑制。

国产微型可植入式左心室辅助装置安全性和有效性的动物实验研究

目的 通过动物体内植入实验,测试研究一款自主研发的国产可植入式磁悬浮左心室机械循环辅助装置(Corheart 6)的安全性和有效性。方法 选取普通级雄性健康成年绵羊10只,常规全身麻醉后左侧第5肋间开胸,建立体外循环,植入Corheart 6,泵尺寸34 mm×26 mm,重量90 g。Corheart 6连接左心室及降主动脉进行左心室辅助。术后撤除体外循环,持续监测动物生命体征及Corheart 6运转情况。肝素静脉滴注维持活化凝血时间>500 s。观察动物整体存活情况、血液相容性情况并于实验终止时行心脏解剖病理分析。结果 10只绵羊术后心脏全部复跳,均能成功撤离体外循环辅助,8只动物术后正常存活到达预期实验终点(61~65 d),2只未到达实验终点,其中1只心肌组织意外进入血泵提前终止实验,另外1只于术后23 d死亡,死亡原因为肺部出血,与抗凝药物治疗有关。实验使用的Corheart 6泵运行良好,在整个实验过程中未出现自身原因导致的停机或其他运行故障。实验动物未发现有明显溶血,整体的血液指标都在正常范围内,未发现显著异常。8只存活至实验终点的羊,解剖取出的心脏大小和形态正常,且无明显的出血点与血栓形成,其余脏器也基本正常。血泵入口均无血栓形成,泵体内、泵出口也无明显的血栓形成与组织沉积,入口管与心尖顶环连接紧密无松动,血管保护套与泵出口连接良好,人工血管与主动脉段吻合良好。结论 在本动物实验研究中,Corheart 6表现了体积小、易于植入、性能稳定的特点,具有良好的血流动力学效果和良好的血液相容性。

磁力传动泵电机轴承温升异常原因分析及处理措施

磁力传动泵在运转试验阶段出现了电机轴承温度异常升高的现象,影响了机组稳定运行。通过对磁力传动泵电机散热设计、机组振动、轴承自身质量、电机轴与联轴器同轴度等方面的排查,确定了轴承温升的机理,开展了问题复现。通过加大轴承与轴承座之间的配合间隙,避免了二者之间在温差较大时出现过盈配合,有效消除了磁力泵电机轴承温度高问题。本次问题处理方法,对类似水冷电机的轴承座配合尺寸的设计,具有较高的借鉴意义。

深井泵用永磁同步潜水电机性能分析与成本计算

目前在深井泵市场中,感应潜水电机的应用较为广泛,但是普遍体积大、效率低,水泵耗能严重。永磁同步电机具有高效率、高功率因数以及大功率密度等优点。因此用永磁同步电机代替感应电机作为深井泵的驱动设备,既能提高电机的性能,又能节能减费,响应国家“碳减排”的号召。为了满足最新电机能效等级的要求,根据深井泵对其配套电机要求的特殊性,针对市面上一款22 kW的深井泵用感应潜水电机,设计出一款相同型号的永磁同步潜水电机。运用有限元分析计算,对其在额定工况下性能参数以及各类损耗和感应电机的数据进行对比分析,并对所设计的永磁同步电机进行温度场仿真验证其合理性。对两种电机生产成本以及能耗值进行经济效益评估,计算结果证明所设计的永磁同步潜水电机在一定的时间内便可以完成电机的成本回收,性价比优越,同时为同类深井泵用电机的设计分析提供参考。

变速抽水蓄能电机在发电工况不同转速下磁场和损耗研究

本文对变速抽水蓄能发电电动机的电压方程、磁链方程、电磁转矩方程和运动方程进行了推导,并建立了10MW变速抽水蓄能发电电动机二维电磁场的数学方程和物理模型,对变速抽水蓄能发电电动机的电磁场数学方程进行了计算,得到了变速抽水蓄能电机在发电机工况下超同步速时定子电压和定子电流的波形,分析了变速抽水蓄能电机在发电机工况下不同转速时磁密的分布规律,研究了不同转速下定子铁芯损耗和转子铁芯损耗占总铁芯损耗比例的变化规律。搭建了10MW变速抽水蓄能发电电动机样机试验测试平台,通过试验测试得到的结果与计算结果较为接近。

车载紧凑型磁力泵的研制

为了满足车载移动设备的配套泵需求,研制了小流量、高扬程、体积小、无泄漏的车载紧凑型磁力泵。根据车载紧凑型磁力泵的技术参数要求,详细介绍了车载紧凑型磁力泵的水力设计、磁力联轴器设计和泵机组结构设计等关键技术。通过将叶轮、内磁块、导轴承和前后推力轴承组合为一体,构成叶轮内磁转子体,使其同时具有径向支撑、轴向定位和轴向力自平衡的综合功能;对隔离套的壁厚、径向变形和磁涡流损耗进行计算分析,结果表明,隔离套径向位移为0.03 mm,磁涡流损耗占配套功率的5%,满足相关技术要求。同时样机经过性能试验考核,结果达到设计要求。该研究可为相关特殊用途磁力泵的设计提供参考。

真空泵用反凸极永磁同步电机设计与性能分析

针对真空泵用驱动电机运行过程中存在转子温度高、散热难的问题,根据真空泵驱动工况的实际要求,设计了一台反凸极永磁同步电机和一台常规永磁同步电机。首先,利用有限元软件,分析了转子磁障尺寸对电机转矩的影响以及磁障层数对电感的影响,从而得出了转子磁障尺寸和磁障层数的合适值;其次,对两台电机的气隙磁密波形、空载反电动势和损耗等电磁性能进行了对比分析;最后,通过仿真对比分析了两台电机的温度场以及两者转子和转轴处的温升。结果表明,相比于常规永磁同步电机,反凸极永磁同步电机的转矩性能更好、转子损耗和转子温升更小,为新产品研发提供了科学的参考依据。

氯碱生产系统升级改造运行总结

根据片碱包装机、电解槽、合成炉、熔盐炉及酸碱输送泵等升级改造的实际运行情况,对局部改造的经济效益、安全环保、社会效益等进行了总结。