Research on the Cultivation Path of Mainstream Ideological Identity among College Students

Ideological work is an extremely important work,which concerns the cohesion of the Communist Party of China,the centripetal force of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the long-term stability of the country and the development and stability of society.Since the 18th National Congress,series of important discussions have been proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping around ideological work,and the domestic theoretical circle has launched a systematic,comprehensive and in-depth study of ideological identity from different subject areas and levels,and has achieved a series of important results.This paper takes the mainstream ideological identity of college students as the starting point,and combines the questionnaire to analyze the current status of mainstream ideological identity of college students from two dimensions:theory and practice.First,it summarizes and analyzes the current status of mainstream ideological identity of college students through the questionnaire,and explores its existing problems and influencing factors.The second is to find out the reasons for the pluralistic ideology of some college students from different research perspectives.Third,in terms of cultivating college students’ideological identity,more targeted realization paths are proposed from three dimensions:innovating ideological and political education in colleges and universities,strengthening public opinion publicity,and building practical education platforms,so as to improve the accuracy of mainstream ideology and explore the path of college students’mainstream ideological identity.

Simulation of hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins: taking the Heihe Mainstream River as an example

The hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins are complicated.It is absolutely significant to quantify mountainous runoff for social,economic and ecological purposes.This paper takes the mountainous watershed of the Heihe Mainstream River as a study area to simulate the hydrological processes of mountainous watersheds in inland river basins by using the soil and water assessment tool(SWAT)model.SWAT simulation results show that both the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and the determination coefficient values of the calibration period(January 1995 to December 2002)and validation period(January 2002 to December 2009)are higher than 0.90,and the percent bias is controlled within±5%,indicating that the simulation results are satisfactory.According to the SWAT performance,we discussed the yearly and monthly variation trends of the mountainous runoff and the runoff components.The results show that from 1996 to 2009,an indistinctive rising trend was observed for the yearly mountainous runoff,which is mainly recharged by lateral flow,and followed by shallow groundwater runoff and surface runoff.The monthly variation demonstrates that the mountainous runoff decreases slightly from May to July,contrary to other months.The mountainous runoff is mainly recharged by shallow groundwater runoff in January,February,and from October to December,by surface runoff in March and April,and by lateral flow from May to September.

Retention mechanism of phenol in mainstream cigarette smoke by cellulose acetate filters

To understand the retention mechanism of phenol in mainstream cigarette smoke by cellulose acetate(CA)filters,the phenol filtration efficiency,the phenol distribution in the gas phase and particulate phase during filtration and the retention characteristics of the filter for both the gas phase and particulate phenol species were investigated.The distribution of particulate bound phenol as a function of the particle size was examined.The ratio of phenol transferring from the particulate phase to the gas phase during smoke flowing through the CA filter were studied.Retention mechanisms for phenol in the gas phase as well as particulate phase phenol in the filter and the phase transition of phenol were proposed.Phenol filtration efficiency of the cigarette filter was calculated based on the proposed retention mechanisms and compared with available experimental data.The results showed that:1)Comparing with nicotine and the other particulate bound smoke constituents,CA filter exhibited a certain retention selectivity for phenol.2)Although phenol was mainly bound to the particulate phase of the cigarette mainstream smoke,about 35% of gas phase phenol was found at the tobacco end of the filter,whilst this dropped to approximately 0 at the mouth end of the filter,mostly by selective chemical adsorption.3)The weighted average smoke particle size and particulate phenol was 0.44 and 0.38 pm,respectively.The filtration efficiency of the filter to particulate phenol was near 40%.4)About 19% of particulate bound phenol transferred to gas phase when smoke passing the filter,and was selectively adsorbed.5)The overall filtration efficiency of the CA filter for phenol in mainstream cigarette smoke was 68.7%,with-7.7% variation compared with experimental data.The results demonstrated the phase transition of phenol during the filtration process and the selective retention with varying particle sizes.Our results showed that the application of CA filter in product designs reduces harmful constituents such as phenolic compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke.

Comprehensive Assessment and Analysis of Water Environmental Quality in the Mainstream of the Liaohe River

[Objective] The study aims at evaluating the water environmental quality of the Liaohe River mainstream. [ Method] The water quality of two monitored sections in the mainstream of the Liaohe River from 2004 to 2010 was assessed by the fuzzy comprehensive appraisal combined with weighted average, and some practicable measures were put forward according to the assessment results. [ Result] From 2004 to 2010, the water quality of the Liaohe River mainstream varied from Grade II to III at Zhuershan section, and changed from Grade II to IV at Xing＇an section, becom- ing better on the whole. In addition, the major factor influencing the water quality is the small content of dissolved oxygen （DO） in the water body. Meanwhile, the pollution of the water body mainly results from the discharge of organic matter consuming oxygen largely, and ammonia nitrogen should be paid more attention to. [ Conclusion] The research could provide scientific references for the protection of water environment and its pollu- tion control in the mainstream of the Liaohe River.

Review on“The Mainstream EFL Style”——Eclectic but More Acceptable

With development of foreign language education in China, more and more people pay attention to the research of the mainstream EFL teaching styles, which combines the seemingly contradictory points of both traditional and current linguistic theories and use them well in foreign language teaching. With special features, the mainstream EFL teaching style has its advantage and weakness and it needs much improvement in teaching process.

Reflections on the Criticisms of Mainstream Linguistics

In this paper,the author starts with a discussion of what mainstream linguistics is,in aim of clearly defining mainstream linguistics.Then the author further makes a distinction and comparison between mainstream linguistics and non-mainstream linguistics.In the third part of the paper,the author probes into and reflects on the main criticisms of mainstream linguistics.

Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction into Housing Development in Keko Machungwa

In Tanzania 80% of the population live in informal settlements. Most of these settlements are built in areas that are susceptible to extreme weather conditions such as flooding. Such conditions have significantly contributed to the destruction of housing stock and other valuable properties. There is considerable awareness amongst people living in the informal settlements, government representatives and other key stakeholders about the various flood risks affecting informal settlements. Based on this understanding, several attempts to minimize flood risks have been initiated in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, yet these initiatives have largely failed to deliver the desired impacts. This article aims to investigate core reasons for this through a case study of Keko Machungwa Informal settlement in Dar es Salaam City. The study explores the extent to which mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in housing development in informal settlements has been considered and implemented, and recommends measures for improvement. Key methods employed for the research included physical observation, household interviews, mapping, photographing, and in-depth interviews. Overall, the study found that mainstreaming of DRR in housing development was hardly practiced at the household level, as houses were predominantly being built without resistant building materials and supervision of relevant professionals. In order to mainstream DRR in housing development in informal settlements, it is recommended that mainstreaming DRR be embedded in laws and policies, highly vulnerable parts of the settlement be declared protected wetland and that the government direct its efforts towards regulating, controlling and monitoring the housing development sector. That letter can be achieved by emphasizing the use of flood resistant building materials and establishing resilient infrastructures for flood mitigation in every flood prone informal settlement.

The Adoption and Use of Social Media and Its Impact on Mainstream Media in Bahrain

The adoption and use of social media has played a major role in the changes in journalists’ work. The use of these new means has become indispensable to the daily tasks and work of journalists in most news organizations. It is no longer possible to bypass these means when it comes to searching for information and news, or in production, publishing, distribution and marketing, or even in interaction with the public. The characteristics of ease, speed, immediacy, interactivity, and being free of charge that characterize them, have made them a useful technological tool, which is influential and necessary not only for the future of the journalist’s career but also for the future of the news organization itself. With the growing number of users of social media around the world, journalists and news organizations have found additional access, more important than previous channels, to access additional sources that help them market and interact with their work in a new dynamic environment completely different from previous communication models, and put audience activity at the forefront. In this study, which is part of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the author tries to understand and analyze the factors of adoption and use of social media as a new technological tool by Bahraini journalists and to identify their new role in the changes in journalism. In addition, the study attempts to examine the implications in relation to the future of the press profession and the economic model of the news organization. The results showed a clear adoption and an increased use of social media by journalists, who consider it a key element in the development of journalism, and an inevitable strategic choice for the future of the news organization. They also expressed their full awareness of the problems surrounding the issue of precision and credibility of news accessed through social media.

Analysis of Thai Chinese Businessmen’s Identification With China in the Context of Maritime Silk Road Development-Take a Cover Interview of@ManGu Bangkok,a Mainstream Chinese Language Magazine in Thailand as an Example

Thai Chinese businessmen are important practitioners and supporters of China’s construction of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,serving as important trendsetters among ASEAN countries with great significance.In this context,this paper analyses and presents the image of Thai Chinese businessmen and their identification with China under the framework of the report and discourse by taking the cover interview of the Chinese mainstream magazine@ManGu Bangkok in Thailand as an example,to show the sentiment and sense of belonging of overseas Chinese to their ancestral homeland,and to provide an emotional“link”for China and ASEAN countries in the mutually beneficial cooperation.

Research on the Coverage of the Belt and Road Initiative and a Community with Shared Future for Mankind by Mainstream Media in the United States--Taking the three major mainstream media in the United States as an example

Since China put forward the Belt and Road Initiative and a community with shared future for mankind,mainstream media in the United States such as The Washington Post,The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal have given continuous reports.As the world’s superpower,the United States has a developed media system and a wide range of influence.The study extracted 173 valid texts from May 2015 to March 2020,among which only 5 reports were on a community with shared future for mankind.American media mainly reported from five aspects including economy,politics,cultural,security and environment,although there is no lack of certain sounds,there was more negative reports.It can provide a reference basis for our accurate response and creating a positive international public opinion environment that grasping the reporting trends on the Belt and Road Initiative and a community with shared future for mankind accurately.

主流80(Mainstream 80)海德堡新型报纸印刷机

从第一张活字印版到目前最流行的计算机直接制版系统,印刷工业不断采用新技术、新思想,目的只有一个,就是使印刷企业能不断以更快速度、更高效率生产出更好的产品。现在,采用成熟技术制造的1×4报纸印刷机为报纸印刷业带来了新的商机。1×4报纸印刷机为双幅单倍径设计。

How Can Cosmetics Brands Deal With New Generation Becoming the Mainstream?

Through the deep data analysis of the cosmetics industry, it can be found that the changes in population structure, differences of consumption habits, and income factors which have led to the intergenerational replacement of Chinese consumers. Middle-aged crowd in China, their consumption concept tend to be relatively conservative, while for young generations, their income level is becoming higher. The purchasing power and consumption tendency of such young consumer groups are significantly higher than that of middle-aged and elderly people. Relevant data show that the consumption intention and consumer confidence index of the new generation (born in 1995 and beyond) are significantly higher than the overall level of ditferent age groups, and the growth rate are accelerating. In the urban residents’ consumption in 2012, the contribution of the new generation is 15%, and it is expected to reach 35% by 2020, which fully shows that the new generation of consumers has begun to become the mainstream of new generation consumption.

On Poverty Governance and Mainstreaming of Human Rights in China

China has made remarkable achievements in poverty governance.It is of far-reaching significance to observe and interpret poverty reduction in China from the perspective of human rights.Mainstreaming human rights provides a two-way perspective of observation.It can help observe poverty reduction in the"kaleidoscope"of human rights,and also can help understand human rights through poverty reduction,in particular,observe the status and development trend of human rights in national governance through the"governance revolution"triggered by poverty governance.An examination of poverty governance from the perspective of human rights will reveal that poverty alleviation has become a major"human rights project".The discourse,goals and approaches to poverty reduction have been marked with human rights imprints,and they are ultimately translated into the realization of the right to be free from poverty in the two dimensions of survival and development.To examine human rights through poverty reduction will reveal that the way of poverty governance is changing,which implies a development view based on human rights,and stimulates the subjectivity of citizens in the trend of democratic participation and pluralistic governance.The above change drives and advances the mainstreaming of human rights in the field of national governance and the deep change of governance.Definitely,how these signs and trends continue to thrive in a broader field and obtain more institutional support after 2020 in the post-poverty alleviation era.

Research on the Rules of Short Video Online Reviews in Mainstream Media

With the continuous optimization of mobile intelligent mode,the internet has gradually entered the era of visualization.This paper briefly summarizes the reasons and current situation of the rapid development of mainstream media short films,analyzes the composition and functions of mainstream media short video online reviews,and probes into the rules of mainstream media short video online reviews.

Chitosan Removes Toxic Heavy Metal Ions from Cigarette Mainstream Smoke

This study investigated the removal of heavy metal ions from cigarette mainstream smoke using chitosan.Chitosan of various deacetylation degrees and molecular weights were manually added to cigarette filters in different dosages.The mainstream smoke particulate matter was collected by a Cambridge filter pad,digested by a microwave digestor,and then analyzed for contents of heavy metal ions,including As(III/V),Pb(II),Cd(II),Cr(III/VI) and Ni(II),by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS).The results showed that chitosan had a removal effect on Pb(II),Cd(II),Cr(III/VI) and Ni(II).Of these,the percent removal of Ni(II) was elevated with an increasing dosage of chitosan.Chitosan of a high deace tylation degree exhibited good binding performance toward Cd(II),Cr(III/VI) and Ni(II),though with poor efficiency for Pb(II).Except As(III/V),all the tested metal ions showed similar tendencies in the growing contents with an increasing chitosan molecular weight.Nonetheless,the percent removal of Cr(III/VI) peaked with a chitosan molecular weight of 200 kDa,followed by a dramatic decrease with an increasing chitosan molecular weight.Generally,chitosan had different removal effects on four out of five tested metal ions,and the percent removal of Cd(II),Pb(II),Cr(III/VI) and Ni(II) was approximately 55%,45%,50%,and 16%,respectively.In a word,chitosan used in cigarette filter can remove toxic heavy metal ions in the mainstream smoke,improve cigarette safety,and reduce the harm to smokers.

Analysis of four tobacco-specific nitrosamines in mainstream cigarette smoke of Virginia cigarettes by LC-MS/MS

An improved method was developed for the determination of the four major tobacco-specific nitrosamines(TSNAs) in mainstream cigarette smoke. The new method offers decreased sample preparation and analysis time as compared to traditional methods. This method uses isotope dilution liquid chromatography coupled with a tandem mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization and is significantly more sensitive than traditional methods. It also shows no evidence of artifactual formation of TSNAs. Sample concentrations were determined for four TSNAs in mainstream smoke using two isotopically labeled TSNAs analogues as internal standards. Mainstream smoke was collected on an industry standard 44-mm Cambridge filter pad, extracted with 0.1 mol/L ammonium acetate, purified by solid-phase extraction, and analyzed without further sample cleanup. The analytical column is a 3.9 mm×150 mm Waters Symmertry Shield RP18 column and volume fraction of the mobile phase is 50% methanol, 50% water containing 0.1% acetic acid. The results show that the linear range is 0.5-100.0 mg/L except for N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB) from 0.25 to 50.0 mg/L. The limits of detection are 0.1 mg/L for N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), 0.08 mg/L for 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1- (3-py-ridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), 0.05 mg/L for N-nitrosoanatabine (NAT) and 0.06 mg/L for NAB. The recoveries of the four TSNAs are from 90.2% to 105.7%.

Evaluation of metal-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves in catalytic reduction of NO_x from cigarette mainstream smoke

A series of Ag,Cu and Co-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves(OMS-2) were synthesized and evaluated to remove nitrogen oxides(NOx) from cigarette mainstream smoke.The three kinds of catalysts were added to cigarettes for studying the capabilities of reducing NOx from cigarette mainstream smoke.The catalysis and reduction of NO in laboratory were studied.A mechanism for NOx catalytic reduction from burning cigarettes with the catalysts adding to cigarettes was described.The catalysts show excellent catalytic activity for NOx removal,especially the Ag-doped OMS-2 catalyst.0.5%(mass fraction) Ag-doped OMS-2 catalyst has the best ability to remove NOx from cigarette mainstream smoke.The use of Ag-doped OMS-2 as catalyst for removing carcinogenic compounds from cigarette smoke will be an effective strategy to protect the environment and public health.

PROJECTION BASED STATISTICAL FEATURE EXTRACTION WITH MULTISPECTRAL IMAGES AND ITS APPLICATIONS ON THE YELLOW RIVER MAINSTREAM LINE DETECTION

Mainstream line is significant for the Yellow River situation forecasting and flood control.An effective statistical feature extraction method is proposed in this paper.In this method, a between-class scattering matrix based projection algorithm is performed to maximize between-class differences, obtaining effective component for classification;then high-order statistics are utilized as the features to describe the mainstream line in the principal component obtained.Experiments are performed to verify the applicability of the algorithm.The results both on synthesized and real scenes indicate that this approach could extract the mainstream line of the Yellow River automatically, and has a high precision in mainstream line detection.

Effects of Expansion Temperature on Seven kinds of Hoffmann Components in Mainstream Smoke

[Objective]To explore the effect of expansion temperature on the release of seven kinds of Hoffmann components(CO,NNK,NH3,HCN,BaP,crotonaldehyde and phenol)from the mainstream smoke of cigarette.[Method]The release amount of seven kinds of Hoffmann components from the mainstream smoke of cigarettes which were prepared from the cut tobacco treated under different expansion temperatures was determined.[Result]Under the same expansion model,the temperature change produced certain impact on the release amount of NH3,phenol and BAP,while had no significant influence on that of CO,NNK,HCN and crotonaldehyde;under CO2 expansion model,the release amount of seven Hoffmann components was small;the reduction of expansion temperature was good for lowering the harmful index of cigarette to a certain extent.[Conclusion]The study provides basis for optimizing the technical parameters of producing less harmful cigarette.