Modern Development and Maintaining Self-Developing Identity

Two recent trips to cities in China got me thinking a lot about China’s development and efforts to maintain its identity.While China is developing with strong momentum in every sector,it has succeeded at preserving and upholding its ancient traditions and customs.These trips showed me a country not only keen on technological and infrastructural advancement but also deeply committed to cultural preservation and promotion.In every corner of these cities,I witnessed a harmonious blend of the old and new,a testament to China’s dedication to maintaining its cultural heritage while embracing modernity.

Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 in Maintaining Nutrient Homeostasis and Disease

Fibroblast growth factor 19 （FGF19） is a kind of gut-derived postprandial hormone. As an atypical member of the FGF family, FGF19 functions as an endocrine hormone except regulating cell growth and differentiation. FGF19 plays a key role in coordination of liver bile acid biosynthesis and gallbladder motility, and acts as a regulator of metabolic homeostasis, including strengthening insulin sensitivity, decreasing triglyceride concentration and reducing body weight.

Maintaining proton homeostasis is an essential role of the Warburg effect in proliferating cells

Non-proliferating cells efficiently generate adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.By contrast, proliferating cells, including cancer cells, tend to rely on aerobic glycolysis, an inefficient way to generate energy, and this phenomenon is termed 'the Warburg effect'1,2.However, the advantage of the Warburg effect provided for proliferating cells has been unclear3.Here we propose that aerobic glycolysis may maintain proton homeostasis to benefit proliferating cells.

Heat shock protein 70 protects PC12 cells against ischemia-hypoxia/reoxygenation by maintaining intracellular Ca^(2+) homeostasis

Heat shock protein 70（HSP70） maintains Ca^2＋ homeostasis in PC12 cells,which may protect against apoptosis;however,the mechanisms of neuroprotection are unclear.Therefore,in this study,we examined Ca^2＋ levels in PC12 cells transfected with an exogenous lentiviral HSP70 gene expression construct,and we subsequently subjected the cells to ischemia-hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.HSP70 overexpression increased neuronal viability and ATPase activity,and it decreased cellular reactive oxygen species levels and intracellular Ca^2＋ concentration after hypoxia/reoxygenation.HSP70 overexpression enhanced the protein and m RNA expression levels of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca^2＋-ATPase（SERCA）,but it decreased the protein and m RNA levels of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor（IP3R）,thereby leading to decreased intracellular Ca^2＋concentration after ischemia-hypoxia/reoxygenation.These results suggest that exogenous HSP70 protects against ischemia-hypoxia/reoxygenation injury,at least in part,by maintaining cellular Ca^2＋ homeostasis,by upregulating SERCA expression and by downregulating IP_3 R expression.

Low-repetition-rate, all-polarization-maintaining Yb-doped fiber laser mode-locked by a semiconductor saturable absorber

A low-repetition-rate, all-polarization-maintaining（PM）-fiber sub-nanosecond oscillator is presented, which is simple and low-cost, composed of standard components. The ring cavity is elongated by 114-m-long standard PM fiber, and passively mode-locked by a fiber pigtailed semiconductor saturable absorber. Linearly polarized pulses with 1.66 MHz repetition rate and 22 dB polarization extinction ratio are generated at a wavelength of 1030 nm, which is determined by an intracavity filter. In addition, to demonstrate that the oscillator is a good seed for high energy pulse generation, an all-fiber master oscillator power amplifier is built and amplified pulses with energy about 2 μJ are obtained.

Neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons through maintaining calbindin D28k immunoreactivity following subsequent transient cerebral ischemia

Ischemic preconditioning elicited by a non-fatal brief occlusion of blood flow has been applied for an experimental therapeutic strategy against a subsequent fatal ischemic insult. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning（2-minute transient cerebral ischemia） on calbindin D28k immunoreactivity in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area following a subsequent fatal transient ischemic insult（5-minute transient cerebral ischemia）. A large number of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area died 4 days after 5-minute transient cerebral ischemia. Ischemic preconditioning reduced the death of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area. Calbindin D28k immunoreactivity was greatly attenuated at 2 days after 5-minute transient cerebral ischemia and it was hardly detected at 5 days post-ischemia. Ischemic preconditioning maintained calbindin D28 k immunoreactivity after transient cerebral ischemia. These findings suggest that ischemic preconditioning can attenuate transient cerebral ischemia-caused damage to the pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area through maintaining calbindin D28k immunoreactivity.

PROBABILITY OF RANDOM EVENTS OF INSPECTION AND REPAIR AND MAINTAINING RELIABILITY OF STRUCTURES

Reliability analysis of the inspected and repaired structure requires dealing with a large number of complex random events. Considering many kinds of random factors, a probability of these random events existing possibly in the inspection and repair process and reliability analysis methodologies are proposed. A systematic dynamic reliability model is given for structures in service under the scheduled inspection and repair.

Conditions for Producing and Maintaining Plasma Ball Lightning in the Atmosphere

Based on the results of plasma experiments and research work done by Dawson and Jones, Trubnikov, Endean, and other researchers, three requirements for producing and maintaining plasma ball lightning have been found: 1) rotation of plasma, 2) the density of charged particles nc > 3.15 × 10-10ω2,3) a stable confinement of plasma. In this model, the energy density of ball lightning ranged from 10-2 J / cm3 to 104 J/ cm3, the formation, shape, stability, energy, maintaining processes and other properties of ball lightning were explained reasonably.

Leptin and Maintaining Weight Gain

In today's society,obesity is the single most important risk factor for early disability and death,and the incidence of obesity is still at an alarming level.The central nervous system regulates energy intake and consumption in response to changes in the body's energy storage,thereby maintaining the body's continued obesity;fat cell-derived hormone leptin and its receptor(LEPR)are the key regulators of these systems.As in the case of insulin resistance,various mechanisms have been proposed(including feedback inhibition,inflammation,glial hyperplasia,and endoplasmic reticulum stress)to interfere with the action of leptin,hindering the system that controls the body's energy balance to promote or maintain obesity,although these are not clear.However,in ordinary obese patients,the LEPR signal may be increased(rather than impaired),indicating that any obesity-related defects in leptin action must be caused by lesions other than the original LEPR signal.

Maintaining Its Relevance

BRICS proves it still has a major role to play in the development of emerging economies The BRICS partnership has proven that it is more relevant today than it ever has been,given that the polarization and protectionism of traditional global powers is at an all-time high.Experts believe that this trajectory has particularly

Studies on the Evolutionary Laws and Maintaining Mechanism of Renewability of the Yellow River's Water Resources

The Yellow River has a vast catchment area and historically it is the mother river of the Chinese nation. Now it serves as one of the main theatres for the on-going national campaign to develop China's western hinterland.……

Maintaining Pressure on Sustainable Development

THE impression one gets after reading the 53-page resolution of the United Nations Summit on Sustainable Development, bet- ter known as Rio＋20, is that all those who compiled the document know what the so called ＂planet-in-peril＂ needs to cure its problems.

Coupling Character of Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Under the Condition of Bend

ＣｏｕｐｌｉｎｇＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｏｆＰｏｌａｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎＭａｉｎｔａｉｎｉｎｇＯｐｔｉｃａｌＦｉｂｅｒＵｎｄｅｒｔｈｅＣｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｏｆＢｅｎｄ①②ＬＩＣｈａｎｇｃｈｕｎ（ＮａｔｉｏｎａｌＬａｂ．ｏｆＭｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒａｎｄＢｉｍｏｌｅｃｕ...

CNPC’s Overseas Projects: Maintaining Stable Operations while Fighting against the Epidemic

Recently,according to CNPC instructions,CNPC’s overseas projects,such as NGCP project in Saudi Arabia,CPL’s project in Bangladesh,XDEC’s project,and BHDC No.5 Drilling Company’s project,have maintained stable operations while fighting against the epidemic–COVID-19.

Maintaining Learners' Motivation

Foreign language learning is a complex process and its success is determined by a variety of factors.The prime one ofthem is motivation,which,as everyone knows,could be controlled by external forces so as to be taken advantage of.Motivationcould prompt the learner to have his own learning goals and let him finish his learning task autonomously.All of that shows the im-portance of maintaining learners’motivation.This paper will demonstrate not only the definition and the types of motivation,but al-so the methods that could be used to stimulate and maintain the motivation.

Maintaining Resilience of Agricultural Supply Chain: International Cooperation is a Must

“Inf luenced by the slow recover y of the globa l economy,the continual impact of El Niño,growing local conflicts,the prevalence of trade protectionism and other factors,this year,the global supply and demand for agricultural products and trade is under pressure,and the world’s food security has been a serious challenge.Therefore,it is of great and far-reaching significance for all countries in the world to further develop international cooperation in agriculture from a strategic height,in order to maintain the resilience of the international supply chain of agriculture,and to promote mutual benefits and the common development of all parties.”Yu Jianlong,Vice President of China Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT)and Vice President of the China Chamber of International Commerce(CCIC),said at the 2024 China Agricultural Conference for International Economic and Trade Cooperation.