Anti-Oxidant Status of Male Adults with and without Prostate Cancer in Ibadan, Nigeria

Background: Recent studies show increasing prostate cancer incidence in Nigeria. Significant correlations identified between diet and prostate cancer occurrence, indicate that low antioxidant status could contribute to the aetiology of prostate cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional study determined selected antioxidants (lycopene, beta-carotene and retinol) status of 10 (Experimental group) and 17 (Control) male adults with and without PC, recruited from the Urological Section of the Surgical Out-patients’ Department, University College Hospital and the General Out-patient Clinic of the Ring Road State Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Demographic characteristics were assessed using a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Daily antioxidant intakes were assessed and analyzed using 24-hour dietary recall, and an adapted version of the food database “Total Diet Assessment”. Serum lycopene, beta-carotene and retinol were determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results: The mean age of the PC and the control (72.8 ± 6.2 years and 59.8 ± 4.8 years) was significantly different (p = 0.001). Mean daily lycopene intake (1408.4 ± 233.2 μg) of the PC was significantly lower (P = 0.030) than the controls (3862.3±316.2μg). The mean serum lycopene (19.8 ± 13.2 ng/ml), beta-carotene (43.6 ± 26.0 ng/ml) and retinol (362.2 ± 304.3ng/ml) of the PC were significantly lower (p = 0.008, 0.040 and 0.033 respectively) than the values (70.8 ± 49.8 ng/ml, 57.6 ± 47.7 ng/ml and 395.4 ± 275.6 ng/ml respectively) of the controls. Significant inverse correlations were observed between the dietary lycopene intake (r = -0.396, p = 0.041) and serum lycopene (r =-0.502, p = 0.008) with PC;while a significant positive association was observed between dietary intake of retinol with PC (r = 0.394, p = 0.042). Conclusion: The study has revealed low anti-oxidant status, and an inverse association between lycopene status and prostate cancer in the elderly men.

A study on the cognitive status of human papillomavirus among adult males in Tianjin based on the health belief model

Background:To understand the health beliefs and knowledge of human papillomavirus among adult males in Tianjin.Methods:An online questionnaire survey was conducted from 18 January 2023 to 6 March 2023 using snowball sampling method.Analyze the health belief scores and human papillomavirus(HPV)and HPV vaccine knowledge scores of adult males in Tianjin,and analyze their influencing factors.Results:A total of 388 adult males in Tianjin were surveyed,with an average total score of 3.23±0.04 for their health beliefs.Among them,the average scores for perceived severity,perceived susceptibility,perceived impairment,perceived benefit,and self-efficacy were 3.41±1.05,2.37±1.20,2.96±1.00,3.51±0.90,and 3.36±1.08,respectively.Multiple linear regression analyses showed education was a factor influencing health beliefs.The average total score of knowledge is 64.09±15.62,with 277 people scoring above 60,and a pass rate of 71.4%.Through multiple linear regression analysis,education level,emotional status,whether disease testing has been done,and whether family and friends have been diagnosed with HPV positive are the main influencing factors.Conclusion:The awareness rate of HPV among adult males in Tianjin is still acceptable,but there are still misconceptions.The overall level of health beliefs is moderate,and the perceived susceptibility level is low.It is necessary to strengthen health education on HPV related knowledge for males and improve their cognitive level.

Remote ischemic conditioning-induced hyperacute and acute responses of plasma proteome in healthy young male adults:a quantitative proteomic analysis

Background: Long-term remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has been proven to be beneficial in multiple diseases, such as cerebral and cardiovascular diseases. However, the hyperacute and acute effects of a single RIC stimulus are still not clear. Quantitative proteomic analyses of plasma proteins following RIC application have been conducted in preclinical and clinical studies but exhibit high heterogeneity in results due to wide variations in experimental setups and sampling procedures. Hence, this study aimed to explore the immediate effects of RIC on plasma proteome in healthy young adults to exclude confounding factors of disease entity, such as medications and gender. Methods: Young healthy male participants were enrolled after a systematic physical examination and 6-month lifestyle observation. Individual RIC sessions included five cycles of alternative ischemia and reperfusion, each lasting for 5 min in bilateral forearms. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 5 min after RIC, and 2 h after RIC, and then samples were processed for proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Results: Proteins related to lipid metabolism (e.g., Apolipoprotein F), coagulation factors (hepatocyte growth factor activator preproprotein), members of complement cascades (mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 isoform 2 precursor), and inflammatory responses (carboxypeptidase N catalytic chain precursor) were differentially altered at their serum levels following the RIC intervention. The most enriched pathways were protein glycosylation and complement/coagulation cascades. Conclusions: One-time RIC stimulus may induce instant cellular responses like anti-inflammation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis balancing, and lipid metabolism regulation which are protective in different perspectives. Protective effects of single RIC in hyperacute and acute phases may be exploited in clinical emergency settings due to apparently beneficial alterations in plasma proteome profile. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of long-term (repeated) RIC interventions in preventing chronic cardiovascular diseases among general populations can also be expected based on our study findings.

Phthalates in Commercial Chinese Rice Wines: Concentrations and the Cumulative Risk Assessment to Adult Males in Shanghai

The concentrations of 16 phthalates in 164 commercial Chinese rice wines （CRW） were detected by GC-MS, and consumption data on CRW in different packaging types was investigated from 634 adult males in Shanghai using a food frequency questionnaire. Based on the prinq：iples of probabilistic modelling and cumulative risk assessment, the exposure and health risk of phthalates from CRW to adult males in Shanghai was evaluated. DMP, DEP, DIBP, DnBP, BBP, and DEHP were detected in the samples, thE： range of detection frequency of individual phthalates varied from 6.10% for BBP to 15.24% for DIBP, and the detected concentrations were 51.06-200.34 ng/mL. All the respondents consumed CRW, 90.69% of them consumed CRW 0.01-49.9 mL/d, the minimum value of the average daily intake of CRW was 6.25 mL/d, the median was 13.72 mL/d and the maximum was 300 mL/d. The median exposure level of the 6 detected Phthalates to adult males in Shanghai were 6.58-7.10 ng/（d.kg）, and the maximum exposure level were 137.38-540.47 ng/（d.kg）. The cumulative exposure health risk index （HI） based on the median and maximum exposure level of the 6 Phthalates （DMP, I~）EP, DIBP, DnBP, BBP, and DEHP） were 0.001147 ancl 0.063396, both were far less than 1. In conclusion, CRW were generally consumed by the adult males in Shanghai.

Urinary Retention in Adults Male Patients: Causes and Complications among Patients Managed in a Teaching Hospital in North Western Nigeria

Background: Urinary retention is one of the common urologic emergencies constituting a significant workload of urologists and non-urologists alike. Aims and Objectives: This study was undertaken to identify the causes and complications associated with urinary retention in adult male patients at AKTH, Kano. Patients and Methods: It was a prospective hospital-based study of 110 consecutive adult male patients who presented to Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano with urinary retention over 12 months. On presentation, a brief history was taken and rapid physical examination done;the urinary retention was relieved by urethral catheterization or suprapubic cystostomy. A detailed history and thorough physical examination findings were later obtained. Results: One hundred and ten patients were seen during the study period. There ages ranged from 17 to100 years with a mean of 56 ± 19.3 SD years. Patients within the age range 55 - 74 years accounted for the largest group, (25.5% + 23.6% = 49.1%). The most common cause of urinary retention in this study was benign prostatic hyperplasia (51.8% of the patients). This was followed by urethral stricture (20%), cancer of the prostate (7.3%), urethral injury (7.3%) and bladder tumour (6.4%). More than half of the patients (53.4%) presented with acute urinary retention, 30.5% presented with chronic urinary retention, and 16.1% were diagnosed to have acute-on-chronic urinary retention. The complications of urinary retention found were: urinary tract infection (in 24.5% of patients), renal impairment (14.5%), and anaemia (11.8%). Conclusion: Urinary retention is commoner among the middle aged and the elderly. Benign prostatic hyperplasia remains the leading cause of urinary retention. Acute urinary retention was the commonest type of urinary retention;however, complications due to the retention were associated with chronic and acute-on-chronic urinary retention.

Descriptions of Male and Immature Stages of Cryptococcus ulmi Tang et Hao (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) with Brief Notes on Its Biology

In this paper, the crawler, second instar female and male, prepupa, pupa and adult male of Cryptococcus ulmi are described and illustrated for the first time; adult female is redescribed; a key to all stages is given and the biology is briefly repor ted.

Isolation and Characterization of 44.6 kDa Protein from Schistosoma japonicum Male Worm

Soluble male worm antigen of Schistosoma japonicum ( Sj ) was investigated for development of new vaccine candidate. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting were performed to compare the difference between soluble antigens from worms of different sex. Mice vaccination with the testing purified protein was followed by Sj cercariae challenge to detect the protective effect against Sj . Sixteen bands were seen for the soluble male worm antigen and 12 for the female worm. In addition, a distinct band of 44.6 kDa from the male worm antigen was observed, and its antigenicity was demonstrated by Western blotting. This 44.6 kDa protein could induce significant worm and egg reduction rate in mice (39.31%, 41.98%, P <0.001). In this study a 44.6 kDa protein was isolated and partially characterized. Its antigenicity, immunogenicity and the partial immune protection suggest its potential vaccine candidte against Sj .

Early infant male circumcision:Systematic review,risk-benefit analysis,and progress in policy

AIM To determine whether recent evidence-based United States polices on male circumcision(MC) apply to comparable Anglophone countries,Australia and New Zealand.METHODS Articles in 2005 through 2015 were retrieved from PubM ed using the keyword "circumcision" together with 36 relevant subtopics.A further PubM ed search was performed for articles published in 2016.Searches of the EMBASE and Cochrane databases did not yield additional citable articles.Articles were assessed for quality and those rated 2+ and above according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Grading System were studied further.The most relevant andrepresentative of the topic were included.Bibliographies were examined to retrieve further key references.Randomized controlled trials,recent high quality systematic reviews or meta-analyses(level 1++ or 1+ evidence) were prioritized for inclusion.A risk-benefit analysis of articles rated for quality was performed.For efficiency and reliability,recent randomized controlled trials,metaanalyses,high quality systematic reviews and large welldesigned studies were used if available.Internet searches were conducted for other relevant information,including policies and Australian data on claims under Medicare for MC.RESULTS Evidence-based policy statements by the American Academy of Pediatrics(AAP) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) support infant and later age male circumcision(MC) as a desirable public health measure.Our systematic review of relevant literature over the past decade yielded 140 journal articles that met our inclusion criteria.Together,these showed that early infant MC confers immediate and lifelong benefits by protecting against urinary tract infections having potential adverse long-term renal effects,phimosis that causes difficult and painful erections and "ballooning" during urination,inflammatory skin conditions,inferior penile hygiene,candidiasis,various sexually transmissible infections in both sexes,genital ulcers,and penile,prostate and cervical cancer.Our risk-benefit analysis showed that benefits exceeded procedural risks,which are predominantly minor,by up to 200 to 1.We estimated that more than 1 in 2 uncircumcised males will experience an adverse foreskin-related medical condition over their lifetime.Wide-ranging evidence from surveys,physiological measurements,and the anatomical location of penile sensory receptors responsible for sexual sensation strongly and consistently suggested that MC has no detrimental effect on sexual function,sensitivity or pleasure.United States studies showed that early infant MC is cost saving.The evidence supporting early infant MC has further strengthened since the positive AAP and CDC reviews.CONCLUSION Affirmative MC policies are needed in Australia and New Zealand.Routine provision of accurate,unbiased education,and access in public hospitals,will maximize health and financial benefits.

不同体重指数青年男性的静息能量消耗特点及预测方程评价

目的:探讨不同体重指数(body mass index,BMI)青年男性静息能量消耗(resting energy expenditure,REE)的特点,比较常见静息代谢率(resting metabolic rate,RMR)预测方程与间接测热法的差异。方法:以2017年12月至2021年6月于北京大学第三医院运动医学科进行静息代谢测试的30名青年男性为研究对象,采用间接测热法测定RMR,采用生物电阻抗法测定体成分。分析研究对象REE的特点,并与11个常见预测方程的推算值进行比较,通过配对t检验和组内相关系数(intra-class correlation coefficient,ICC)评估两者差异。结果:30名青年男性的平均年龄为(26.93±4.16)岁,整体RMR为(1960.17±463.11)kcal/d(1 kcal=4.1868 kJ),其中BMI正常者的RMR为(1744.33±249.62)kcal/d,显著低于超重或肥胖者[(2104.06±520.32)kcal/d](P<0.01),但体质量校正后,BMI正常者的RMR显著高于超重或肥胖者[(24.02±2.61)kcal/(kg·d)vs.(19.98±4.38)kcal/(kg·d),P<0.01];不同BMI受试者的RMR与体质量、脂肪量、去脂体重、体表面积、细胞外液呈显著正相关(P均<0.05)。11个预测方程的预测值与实测值的一致性均不佳(ICC均<0.75),其中,超重或肥胖青年男性采用世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)推荐使用的RMR预测方程的预测值与实测值的一致性相对较高(ICC=0.547,P<0.01)。结论:不同BMI青年男性的RMR存在显著差异,超重或肥胖者要考虑体质量矫正后的RMR情况。不同预测方程的预测值与RMR的实测值一致性较差,建议通过间接测热法准确测定RMR。对于超重和肥胖的青年男性可以考虑采用WHO推荐使用的预测方程计算RMR,但有必要建立适用于不同BMI人群的RMR预测方程。

中青年男性握力与颈动脉粥样硬化的关联研究

目的 探讨中青年男性握力水平和颈动脉粥样硬化的关联,为运动干预动脉粥样硬化的发生发展提供依据。方法 招募454名20~59岁男性,记录人体学指标,测量身体成分、握力、心肺耐力和相关血液指标并进行颈动脉超声检查。采用t检验、单因素方差分析、Logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果 相比于低握力水平组,高握力水平组的BMI低、RSMI大、心率低、TC低、HDL低、空腹血糖低、CIMT小、Crouse积分小、等级积分小,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,调整BMI、RSMI、心率、TC、HDL、空腹血糖、VO_(2max)、收缩压、舒张压后,低水平和中等水平组发生颈动脉粥样硬化的风险高于高水平组(OR=2.79、1.71)。结论 较低握力的中青年男性存在动脉粥样硬化的风险较高,握力测量有助于评估动脉粥样硬化状况。

不同雌雄成虫密度及性比对红彩瑞猎蝽繁殖力和寿命的影响

在室内条件[温度(28±1)℃,相对湿度70%±7%,光照周期16 h(L)∶8 h(D)]下,测定不同雌雄成虫密度(雌∶雄=1∶1、2∶2、3∶3和4∶4)和不同性比(头/盒)(雌∶雄=1∶0、1∶2、1∶3、1∶4、2∶1、3∶1、3∶2和4∶1)对捕食性天敌红彩瑞猎蝽(Rhynocoris fuscipes Fabricius)产卵前期、产卵期、产卵量、孵化率、寿命和子代雌雄性比的影响。结果表明,红彩瑞猎蝽成虫繁殖存在孤雌生殖现象,可产下有效卵。不同雌雄成虫密度和雌雄性比对红彩瑞猎蝽产卵前期和卵孵化率的影响不明显,对产卵期、产卵量、子代雌雄性比和雌雄成虫寿命有显著影响,总产卵量随着配比中雌成虫密度的增加而增加,但是每雌产卵量和孵出若虫数量逐渐减少;雌成虫、雄成虫平均寿命均随着雌雄成虫密度的增加而减小。其中雌雄性比为2∶1的处理平均产卵期最长(39.5 d),平均每雌产卵量最高(136.40粒),每雌孵出若虫数最多(130.30头)。在交配过程中,红彩瑞猎蝽成虫密度过大会出现种内互残现象,基于研究结果中各项繁殖力和寿命参数结果,雌雄性比2∶1是人工饲养红彩瑞猎蝽成虫繁殖的较佳密度和性比。

神农洁蜣螂两性成虫肠道微生物多样性分析

昆虫肠道微生物多样性对宿主的生长发育以及营养物质的消化和吸收等起着非常重要的作用。本研究利用16S rRNA基因序列构建神农洁蜣螂Catharsius molossus雌性成虫和雄性成虫肠道微生物的克隆文库,旨在探究其菌群的结构并加以对比和分析,采用Illumina NovaSeq高通量测序的方法揭示两种菌群组成方面的相似性和差异性。结果表明:神农洁蜣螂雌性成虫和雄性成虫肠道微生物在结构和组成方面存在着一定的差异。雌性成虫肠道菌群的物种丰富度和物种多样性都高于雄性成虫。雌性成虫、雄性成虫体内肠道菌群共有1 253个ASVs,归属于20个门、35个纲、54个目、134个科、253个属,其中雌性成虫肠道菌群的ASVs有1 024个,而雄性成虫肠道菌群的ASVs有410个,二者优势菌群虽然都为阴道球菌属Vagococcus,但二者所占的比例不同。本研究分析了神农洁蜣螂雌雄成虫肠道微生物多样性及群落在结构和组成方面的差异,为探究神农洁蜣螂雌雄成虫的肠道微生物的潜在功能,以及其肠道菌群的开发应用提供了理论支持。

成年健康男性血红蛋白水平升高与相关体检指标的关系及危险因素分析

目的探讨成年健康男性血红蛋白(Hb)水平升高与尿素(UREA)、肌酐(CREA)、尿酸(UA)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)及促甲状腺激素(TSH)的关系及危险因素。方法随机选取2022年1—12月于广西医科大学第一附属医院进行健康体检的成年男性502例作为研究对象,根据体检者Hb水平分为Hb升高组(n=251例,Hb>160 g/L)和Hb正常组(n=251,120 g/L≤Hb≤160 g/L)。检测研究对象的UREA、CREA、UA、HCY及TSH水平并进行统计学分析。结果Hb升高组UREA水平低于Hb正常组,UA、HCY水平高于Hb正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Hb升高组HCY异常发生率高于Hb正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元logistic回归分析显示,高Hb的发生与UREA(OR=0.810,95%CI:0.693~0.946)呈负相关,而与UA(OR=1.003,95%CI:1.001~1.005)、HCY(OR=1.090,95%CI:1.044~1.139)呈正相关,即UREA水平降低、UA及HCY水平升高是成年健康男性Hb水平升高的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论当成年健康男性Hb>160 g/L时可能存在多种疾病风险,需要及时评估心脑血管及肝肾功能状况,做好预防干预措施,真正降低患病风险。

浙江省嘉兴市部分体检成年男性肺结节的检出情况及相关因素分析

目的 分析浙江省嘉兴市部分体检成年男性肺结节检出情况及相关影响因素,为肺结节及肺癌的防控工作提供参考依据。方法 选取2022年1月—2023年12月在浙江省荣军医院与嘉兴市第一医院进行体检的成年男性为研究对象,收集其一般资料并统计螺旋CT肺结节筛检情况。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归,分析成年男性发生肺结节的影响因素。结果 共纳入2 187名受检者,检出肺结节801例,检出率为36.6%。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、吸烟、饮食偏好、每周运动次数、油烟接触及职业暴露与成年男性发生肺结节有关(均P<0.05);多因素分析显示,年龄≥60岁(OR=1.962,95%CI=1.323~2.909)、吸烟(OR=2.036,95%CI=1.328~3.121)、偏爱腌制油炸(OR=2.088,95%CI=1.286~3.388)、每周运动<1次(OR=2.077,95%CI=1.371~3.147)、长期油烟接触史(OR=2.050,95%CI=1.299~3.237),以及有职业暴露史(OR=2.104,95%CI=1.284~3.448)均为成年男性发生肺结节的相关因素(P<0.05)。结论 成年男性肺结节检出率较高,与年龄、吸烟、饮食偏好、每周运动次数、油烟接触、职业暴露等因素有关,建议临床根据相关危险因素采取干预对策,以控制和降低肺结节的发生率。

应用中国商环包皮环切手术标准化方案对328例成年男性包皮环切的临床报告

目的:成年男性包皮环切手术标准化和培训可显著降低因手术引起的并发症发生率。由于目前国内外尚无可供参考的成年男性包皮环切手术标准化方案和培训制度,使得临床医生开展成年男性包皮环切手术的质量无法保证。为了建立成年男性包皮环切手术标准化和培训制度,便于临床医生和相关医护人员学习和掌握包皮环切器的临床应用技巧,以中国商环(简称"商环,ShangRing")包皮环切技术为例,根据商环的技术特点和临床实践经验,特别制订了商环包皮环切手术标准化方案,并将其标准化操作运用于临床。方法:采用商环包皮环切手术标准化方案对328例受术者(年龄18～58岁,平均27.8岁;已婚134例,未婚194例;包茎25例,包皮过长303例)进行包皮环切手术。对手术时间、疼痛评分(视觉模拟评分法,VAS)、术后并发症、包皮创口愈合时间、术后外观满意情况进行观察和随访。结果:手术时间为(4.70±1.31)min。手术时受术者疼痛(VAS)评分为(0.24±0.59)分,术后24h疼痛评分为(1.59±0.95)分,去环前24h内疼痛评分(1.72±1.11)分,去环时疼痛评分为(2.72±1.37)分。主要并发症发生率为术后感染0.6%(2/328)、出血0.6%(2/328)、伤口裂开0.6%(2/328)和水肿4.89%(16/328)。在发生出血和伤口裂开的受术者中无1例需要缝合。术后包皮创口完全愈合时间为(20.30±6.69)d。受术者对术后外观满意率99.7%(327/328)。结论:商环包皮环切术具有手术方式易于标准化、手术时间短、术中疼痛轻、术后无须特殊护理、容易完整保留系带,并完全暴露冠状沟、术后外观满意度高、受术者易于接受等优点。初步证明了中国商环包皮环切手术标准化方案的可接受性,严格按照此方案实施手术和随访护理,能最大化地实现商环包皮环切技术的诸多临床优势,将并发症发生率控制在可接受的范围内。

家蝇雄成虫对杀虫剂的敏感性测定

目的研究家蝇雄成虫在不同发育阶段对溴氰菊酯的敏感性变化,测定雄成虫家蝇对常用7种杀虫剂的敏感性。方法参照WHO成蝇抗药性测定的点滴法,测定羽化后1～8日龄的家蝇雄成虫(在未接触任何药剂的情况下,室内饲养30多年)对溴氰菊酯的LD50值;比较研究4日龄家蝇雄成虫对杀虫剂的敏感性差异。结果家蝇雄虫羽化1～4d后,对溴氰菊酯的敏感性较差,其LD50为0.00041～0.00117μg·a.i./♂,显著低于5～8d的敏感性(LD50为0.00014～0.00028μg·a.i./♂),4日龄家蝇雄成虫对溴氰菊酯、三氟氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氯菊酯、毒死蜱、敌敌畏、胺菊酯的LD50分别为0.00039、0.00063、0.00280、0.00304、0.03009、0.05944和0.06248μg·a.i./♂,敏感性依次降低。结论家蝇对化学药剂的敏感性与性别和药剂的类型有关。

桔小实蝇雄成虫的空间分布格局

用多种聚集度指标分析了桔小实蝇Bactrocera (Bactrocera)dorsalis (Hendel)雄成虫在番石榴和杨桃园的空间分布格局.结果表明,该虫雄成虫分布基本成分为个体群,雄虫个体间相互排斥,其密度高低影响空间分布,密度高时呈随机分布,密度低时主要是随机分布。

不同饥饿程度的龟纹瓢虫成虫对烟蚜的捕食作用

试验研究了不同饥饿程度的龟纹瓢虫雌、雄成虫对烟蚜的捕食作用 .结果表明 ,不同饥饿程度的龟纹瓢虫雌、雄成虫对烟蚜捕食的功能反应均为HollingⅡ型 ,雌成虫的瞬间攻击率a大于雄成虫 ;不同饥饿程度的龟纹瓢虫雌、雄成虫在 2 4h内对烟蚜的捕食量差异不显著 ;雌成虫捕食量大于雄成虫 ;饥饿时间愈长 ,烟蚜密度愈大 ,雌雄成虫间捕食量差异愈显著 ;未饥饿的龟纹瓢虫雌、雄成虫在 2 4h内对烟蚜的捕食行为集中在 6 0 0～18 0 0 ,雌雄成虫间的捕食速度 (V)差异不显著 ;饥饿 48h的龟纹瓢虫雌、雄成虫在 2 4h内对烟蚜的捕食行为集中在试验开始后的 0～ 4h ,雌雄成虫间的捕食速度 (V)差异也不显著 .

不同饥饿程度的异色瓢虫成虫对烟蚜的捕食作用

试验研究不同饥饿程度的异色瓢虫雌、雄成虫对烟蚜的捕食作用。结果表明 ,不同饥饿程度的异色瓢虫雌成虫对烟蚜捕食作用的功能反应均为 Holling 型反应模型 ;异色瓢虫雌成虫在各种饥饿条件下 2 4 h内对烟蚜的捕食量差异不显著 ;雌成虫捕食量大于雄成虫 ,且饥饿时间愈长 ,烟蚜密度愈大 ,两者的差异愈显著 ;异色瓢虫雌、雄成虫间在 2 4 h内的捕食速度 ( V)差异不显著 ,且与时间段 ( x)关系的模型分别为 V=5.861 9x- 0 .80 87和 V=4 .8583x- 0 .72 2 0 ;异色瓢虫雌、雄成虫对烟蚜的捕食量 ( Na)随着时间 ( t)的变化模型分别为 Na=90 /( 1 +e1 .0 886 - 0 .1 2 1 9t)和 Na=90 /( 1 +e1 .2 70 2 - 0 .1 0 1 7t)。

不同年龄成年男性血清微量元素含量比较

目的 了解中国6个省市不同年龄的男性血清锌、铜、锰、铅、镉含量的差别及变化。方法 2001年12月～2002年12月，在石家庄、郑州、太原、贵阳、杭州和青岛6个地区的市区和郊县选择在当地居住10年及以上的男性为研究对象。进行结构式问卷调查和血清微量元索的原子吸收分光光度法检测。采用 单因素和多因素相结合的方法分析年龄对血清微量元素含量的影响。结果 6个地区调查对象的血清锌、铜、锰、铅、镉含量有所不同；年龄对血清微量元素也有一定的影响，随着年龄组的增加血清铜、锰、铅、镉含量均增加。结论 人体内血清微量元素含量存在着地区差异；中国6个地区20～59周岁之间成年男性的血清铜、锰、铅、镉含量随年龄组增加而增加。