Sex has always been a taboo subject in Asian society. However, over the past few years, awareness in the field of men＇s sexual health has improved, and interest in sexual health research has recently increased. The e...Sex has always been a taboo subject in Asian society. However, over the past few years, awareness in the field of men＇s sexual health has improved, and interest in sexual health research has recently increased. The epidemiology and prevalence of erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism and premature ejaculation in Asia are similar in the West. However, several issues are specific to Asian males, including culture and beliefs, awareness, compliance and the availability of traditional/complementary medicine. In Asia, sexual medicine is still in its infancy, and a concerted effort from the government, relevant societies, physicians and the media is required to propel sexual medicine to the forefront of health care.展开更多
Background:Male sex workers are at high-risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections(STIs),including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).We quantified incidence rates of STIs and identified their time-varying...Background:Male sex workers are at high-risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections(STIs),including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).We quantified incidence rates of STIs and identified their time-varying predictors among male sex workers in Mexico City.Methods:From January 2012 to May 2014,male sex workers recruited from the largest HIV clinic and community sites in Mexico City were tested for chlamydia,gonorrhea,syphilis,hepatitis,and HIV at baseline,6-months,and 12-months.Incide nee rates with 95%bootstrapped confide nee limits were calculated.We examined potential timevarying predictors using generalized estimating equations for a population averaged model.Results:Among 227 male sex workers,median age was 24 and baseline HIV prevalence was 32%.Incidence rates(per 100 person-years)were as follows:HIV[5.23;95%confidence interval(CI):2.15-10.31],chlamydia(5.15;95%CI:2.58-9.34),gonorrhea(3.93;95%CI:1.88-7.83),syphilis(13.04;95%CI:8.24-19.94),hepatitis B(2.11;95%CI:0.53-4.89),hepatitis C(0.95;95%CI:0.00-3.16),any STI except HIV(30.99;95%CI:21.73-40.26),and any STI including HIV(50.08;95%CI:37.6062.55).In the multivariable-adjusted model,incident STI(excluding HIV)were lower among those who reported consistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse(odds ratio=0.03,95%CI:0.00-0.68)compared to those who reported inconsistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse.Conclusions:Incidence of STIs is high among male sex workers in Mexico City.Consistent condom use is an important protective factor for STIs,and should be an important comp on ent of interventions to prevent incide nt infect i ons.展开更多
Few amphibians possess morphologically distinguishable heteromorphic sex chromosomes.The classic indirect method is a time-consuming and resource-demanding task to identify the heterogametic sex.Here we have taken adv...Few amphibians possess morphologically distinguishable heteromorphic sex chromosomes.The classic indirect method is a time-consuming and resource-demanding task to identify the heterogametic sex.Here we have taken advantage of a sex-specific microsatellite marker,by amplifying a large number of samples of known male and female individuals from various populations,to reveal a homogeneous pattern of male heterogamety in Quasipaa boulengeri.The identification of the heterogametic sex will help interpreting the evolution of sex determination.Besides relevance for evolutionary studies of sex determination,the sex-linked markers have potential for addressing practical issues in conservation biology because the sex reversal that caused by anthropogenic endocrine disruptors is considered as a reason for amphibian decline.展开更多
目的:分析46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常患者的遗传和临床资料,为加深对该疾病的认识提供依据。方法:收集2017年1月至2023年1月在南京医科大学第一附属医院生殖中心被诊断为46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常的患者资料,分析其遗传学和临床资料特征,并...目的:分析46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常患者的遗传和临床资料,为加深对该疾病的认识提供依据。方法:收集2017年1月至2023年1月在南京医科大学第一附属医院生殖中心被诊断为46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常的患者资料,分析其遗传学和临床资料特征,并对SRY阳性患者取外周血进行SRY基因染色体定位分析。结果:(1)共26例患者被纳入研究,所有患者染色体核型均为46,XX,且AZFa、b、c区全部缺失。患者身高为(168.3±5.9)cm,体重为(64.0±7.5)kg,BMI为(22.66±2.79)kg/m^(2),左侧睾丸体积(2.53±1.16)ml,右侧睾丸体积:(2.74±1.34)ml。精液量为1.35(0.18~2.78)ml,FSH(36.85±18.01)IU/L,LH(19.71±9.71)IU/L,T(6.08±2.71)nmol/L。3例患者最高学历是大学本科,其余均为本科以下学历。(2)SRY阳性患者20例,SRY阴性患者6例。与SRY阳性患者相比,SRY阴性患者合并有生殖系统发育异常问题概率较高(5/6 vs 3/20,P=0.004),而两组在身高、体重、BMI、生殖激素,睾丸体积等参数差异均无统计学意义。(3)14例SRY基因定位分析显示:13例定位于Xp末端,1例定位于15p末端。结论:46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常患者在遗传学和临床特征上呈现出一定相似性和异质性,需要寻求更好的方案提高患者的生活质量和生活满意度。展开更多
From The Unicorn in the Garden to The Catbird Seat and two adaptations of Little Red Riding Hood,this thesis,mainly based on several famous works of Jame Thurber,by comparison and contrast,aims to analyze the battle o...From The Unicorn in the Garden to The Catbird Seat and two adaptations of Little Red Riding Hood,this thesis,mainly based on several famous works of Jame Thurber,by comparison and contrast,aims to analyze the battle of the sexes in James Thurber’s literary works.展开更多
Dear Sir, We read with interest the paper by Lee et al. [1].They reported that continuous exposure to an electro-magnetic field with extremely low frequency may in-duce testicular germ cell apoptosis in mice. Our grou...Dear Sir, We read with interest the paper by Lee et al. [1].They reported that continuous exposure to an electro-magnetic field with extremely low frequency may in-duce testicular germ cell apoptosis in mice. Our group performed a series of experiments on theeffect of exposure to an electrostatic field on spermato-genesis alld sexual activity[2-7].Polyester(polyethyleneterphthalate)exhibited electrostatic potentials [ESPs] in展开更多
Background: The gap in the understanding of the context of the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and risky behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) could lead to the development and implementation of inap...Background: The gap in the understanding of the context of the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and risky behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) could lead to the development and implementation of inappropriate interventions, which could exacerbate the rapid spread of STIs, especially HIV, among MSM. The aim of the study was to qualitatively assess the understanding of the STIs and the risky sexual behaviours of men who have sex with men in the North-West region of Tshwane. Methods: An exploratory qualitative design was employed to assess the STIs and the risky sexual behaviour of the MSM population. The study participants were enrolled in an HPV clinical trial at MECRU, which is a clinical research unit at the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University. Data collection occurred from September 2016 to May 2017. A convenience sampling method was used and n = 30 participants were selected. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted on MSM 18 years and older, using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic content analysis was used for data analysis, using NVivo version 10 software. Results: The mean age of the sample was 26 years, and the age range was 18 to 44 years. All were unmarried, and all of them came from townships, rural villages and informal settlements in the vicinity of the clinical research unit. The high-risk behaviours noted among the majority of the MSM in this study were having multiple sexual partners and exchanging partners, alcohol abuse, inconsistent condom-use, having unprotected anal sex, and having transactional sex. There was a high level of knowledge of STIs in the heterosexual population with poor understanding of STIs affecting MSM through anal sex. Most of the MSM played a female or bottom role, which made them vulnerable because they could not successfully negotiate condom use, and they reported that they sometimes accepted gifts or money in exchange for anal sex. Conclusion: The study concludes that the MSM in this study had casual sex, and are involved in sex work without practising safe sex. There is a need for health promotion on STIs and risky behaviours among MSM in communities as well as in health facilities for MSM in the North-West region of Tshwane.展开更多
Recent studies investigating possible causes of male subfertility have largely focused on how lifestyle or environmental factors impact on the process of spermatogenesis, Markedly, fewer studies have investigated thos...Recent studies investigating possible causes of male subfertility have largely focused on how lifestyle or environmental factors impact on the process of spermatogenesis, Markedly, fewer studies have investigated those risk factors that result in reduced sperm quality, such as poor sperm motility. The speed at which sperm swim is a major predictor of fertility and is extremely variable in human populations. It has been hypothesized that offspring sex may be adaptively manipulated to maximize the offspring＇s reproductive fitness （e.g., parents with genes for good male fertility traits, such as high sperm speed, would produce primarily sons and fewer daughters because the offspring will inherit advantageous male fertility genes）. Conversely, parents with poor male fertility genes would produce primarily daughters, We tested whether there was an association between how fast a man＇s sperm swam and the sex bias of his siblings in a sample of men attending clinic for fertility investigations with their partner and with a wide range of semen characteristics, including sperm speed. We found that the sex bias of a man＇s siblings is associated with his sperm speed; men with female-biased siblings had significantly slower sperm （judged using computer-assisted sperm analysis （CASA）） than men from male-biased sibships. This observation suggests family composition is an important factor that needs to be considered in future eDidemiological and clinical studies of human fertility,展开更多
Erectile dysfunction （ED） is a common disorder among aging males. However, most aging males refuse to seek medical help and believe that ED is an irreversible event in the aging process. The purpose of this study wa...Erectile dysfunction （ED） is a common disorder among aging males. However, most aging males refuse to seek medical help and believe that ED is an irreversible event in the aging process. The purpose of this study was to describe the current medical management of ED in aging males and to examine whether it is too late to treat this disorder in these elderly men. From 2007 to 2008, 4507 patients diagnosed with ED were gathered from 46 centers in China; 4241 completed the study, 3837 of whom were treated with sildenafil. The 3837 patients were divided into five groups based on age （group A： 20-30 years; group B： 31-40 years; group C： 41-50 years; group D： 51-60 years; and group E： 〉60 years）. After comparing pre- and posttreatment International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain （IIEF-EF） questionnaires, Erection Hardness Scale （EHS）, and IIEF Q13 （＂How satisfied have you been with your overall sex life？＂）, we discovered that the aging males had worse erectile function, erection hardness, and sexual satisfaction than the younger males （P〈 0.001）. After treatment, the improvement rates in the IIEF-EF, EHS, and IIEF Q13 scores were 107.0%, 83.1%, and 116.5%, respectively. The magnitude of these changes demonstrated significant differences among groups （P 〈 0.001）. Accordingly, aging males are likely to benefit more from medical treatment. We propose that aging males should be informed that age is not a limiting factor for medical ED management, and it is never too late to treat.展开更多
46,XX男性综合征是一类罕见的性发育障碍性疾病,通常染色体为46,XX且Y染色体性别决定区(sex-determining region Y gene,SRY)阳性,有正常的外生殖器和男性表型,多因成年后不育就诊。而SRY阴性的46,XX男性综合征患者多伴发外生殖器发育畸...46,XX男性综合征是一类罕见的性发育障碍性疾病,通常染色体为46,XX且Y染色体性别决定区(sex-determining region Y gene,SRY)阳性,有正常的外生殖器和男性表型,多因成年后不育就诊。而SRY阴性的46,XX男性综合征患者多伴发外生殖器发育畸形,多因年幼时性发育异常就诊。报告1例SRY阴性的46,XX男性综合征患者,该患者外生殖器及第二性征发育均为正常男性型,检查发现患者核型为46,XX、SRY阴性、AZF区域缺失、高促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症且无精子症,其生育建议行供精人工授精。展开更多
文摘Sex has always been a taboo subject in Asian society. However, over the past few years, awareness in the field of men＇s sexual health has improved, and interest in sexual health research has recently increased. The epidemiology and prevalence of erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism and premature ejaculation in Asia are similar in the West. However, several issues are specific to Asian males, including culture and beliefs, awareness, compliance and the availability of traditional/complementary medicine. In Asia, sexual medicine is still in its infancy, and a concerted effort from the government, relevant societies, physicians and the media is required to propel sexual medicine to the forefront of health care.
基金US National Institutes of Health(R21-HD065525"Conditional economic incentives to reduce HIV risk:A pilot in Mexico"and R34-MH114664"PrEP Seguro:Antiretrovial-Based HIV Prevention Among Men at High Risk in Mexico",PI:Galarraga)Additional support was provided to A.Zullo by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(K12-HS022998)+4 种基金B.Marshall is supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse(DP2-DA040236)by a Henry Merrit Wriston Fellowship from Brown UniversityM.Lurie is supported in part by US NIH National Institute of Child Health and Development grant(R24-HD077976)1R01 MH 106600-01 from the National Institute of Mental Health.This research was facilitated by the Providence/Boston Center for AIDS Research(P30AI042853)it also benefited from support to the Population Studies and Training Center(PSTC)at Brown University,which receives core support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development(P2C-HD041020).
文摘Background:Male sex workers are at high-risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections(STIs),including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).We quantified incidence rates of STIs and identified their time-varying predictors among male sex workers in Mexico City.Methods:From January 2012 to May 2014,male sex workers recruited from the largest HIV clinic and community sites in Mexico City were tested for chlamydia,gonorrhea,syphilis,hepatitis,and HIV at baseline,6-months,and 12-months.Incide nee rates with 95%bootstrapped confide nee limits were calculated.We examined potential timevarying predictors using generalized estimating equations for a population averaged model.Results:Among 227 male sex workers,median age was 24 and baseline HIV prevalence was 32%.Incidence rates(per 100 person-years)were as follows:HIV[5.23;95%confidence interval(CI):2.15-10.31],chlamydia(5.15;95%CI:2.58-9.34),gonorrhea(3.93;95%CI:1.88-7.83),syphilis(13.04;95%CI:8.24-19.94),hepatitis B(2.11;95%CI:0.53-4.89),hepatitis C(0.95;95%CI:0.00-3.16),any STI except HIV(30.99;95%CI:21.73-40.26),and any STI including HIV(50.08;95%CI:37.6062.55).In the multivariable-adjusted model,incident STI(excluding HIV)were lower among those who reported consistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse(odds ratio=0.03,95%CI:0.00-0.68)compared to those who reported inconsistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse.Conclusions:Incidence of STIs is high among male sex workers in Mexico City.Consistent condom use is an important protective factor for STIs,and should be an important comp on ent of interventions to prevent incide nt infect i ons.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.31272282,No.31572241 and No.31401960)
文摘Few amphibians possess morphologically distinguishable heteromorphic sex chromosomes.The classic indirect method is a time-consuming and resource-demanding task to identify the heterogametic sex.Here we have taken advantage of a sex-specific microsatellite marker,by amplifying a large number of samples of known male and female individuals from various populations,to reveal a homogeneous pattern of male heterogamety in Quasipaa boulengeri.The identification of the heterogametic sex will help interpreting the evolution of sex determination.Besides relevance for evolutionary studies of sex determination,the sex-linked markers have potential for addressing practical issues in conservation biology because the sex reversal that caused by anthropogenic endocrine disruptors is considered as a reason for amphibian decline.
文摘目的:分析46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常患者的遗传和临床资料,为加深对该疾病的认识提供依据。方法:收集2017年1月至2023年1月在南京医科大学第一附属医院生殖中心被诊断为46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常的患者资料,分析其遗传学和临床资料特征,并对SRY阳性患者取外周血进行SRY基因染色体定位分析。结果:(1)共26例患者被纳入研究,所有患者染色体核型均为46,XX,且AZFa、b、c区全部缺失。患者身高为(168.3±5.9)cm,体重为(64.0±7.5)kg,BMI为(22.66±2.79)kg/m^(2),左侧睾丸体积(2.53±1.16)ml,右侧睾丸体积:(2.74±1.34)ml。精液量为1.35(0.18~2.78)ml,FSH(36.85±18.01)IU/L,LH(19.71±9.71)IU/L,T(6.08±2.71)nmol/L。3例患者最高学历是大学本科,其余均为本科以下学历。(2)SRY阳性患者20例,SRY阴性患者6例。与SRY阳性患者相比,SRY阴性患者合并有生殖系统发育异常问题概率较高(5/6 vs 3/20,P=0.004),而两组在身高、体重、BMI、生殖激素,睾丸体积等参数差异均无统计学意义。(3)14例SRY基因定位分析显示:13例定位于Xp末端,1例定位于15p末端。结论:46,XX睾丸型性腺发育异常患者在遗传学和临床特征上呈现出一定相似性和异质性,需要寻求更好的方案提高患者的生活质量和生活满意度。
文摘From The Unicorn in the Garden to The Catbird Seat and two adaptations of Little Red Riding Hood,this thesis,mainly based on several famous works of Jame Thurber,by comparison and contrast,aims to analyze the battle of the sexes in James Thurber’s literary works.
文摘Dear Sir, We read with interest the paper by Lee et al. [1].They reported that continuous exposure to an electro-magnetic field with extremely low frequency may in-duce testicular germ cell apoptosis in mice. Our group performed a series of experiments on theeffect of exposure to an electrostatic field on spermato-genesis alld sexual activity[2-7].Polyester(polyethyleneterphthalate)exhibited electrostatic potentials [ESPs] in
文摘Background: The gap in the understanding of the context of the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and risky behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) could lead to the development and implementation of inappropriate interventions, which could exacerbate the rapid spread of STIs, especially HIV, among MSM. The aim of the study was to qualitatively assess the understanding of the STIs and the risky sexual behaviours of men who have sex with men in the North-West region of Tshwane. Methods: An exploratory qualitative design was employed to assess the STIs and the risky sexual behaviour of the MSM population. The study participants were enrolled in an HPV clinical trial at MECRU, which is a clinical research unit at the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University. Data collection occurred from September 2016 to May 2017. A convenience sampling method was used and n = 30 participants were selected. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted on MSM 18 years and older, using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic content analysis was used for data analysis, using NVivo version 10 software. Results: The mean age of the sample was 26 years, and the age range was 18 to 44 years. All were unmarried, and all of them came from townships, rural villages and informal settlements in the vicinity of the clinical research unit. The high-risk behaviours noted among the majority of the MSM in this study were having multiple sexual partners and exchanging partners, alcohol abuse, inconsistent condom-use, having unprotected anal sex, and having transactional sex. There was a high level of knowledge of STIs in the heterosexual population with poor understanding of STIs affecting MSM through anal sex. Most of the MSM played a female or bottom role, which made them vulnerable because they could not successfully negotiate condom use, and they reported that they sometimes accepted gifts or money in exchange for anal sex. Conclusion: The study concludes that the MSM in this study had casual sex, and are involved in sex work without practising safe sex. There is a need for health promotion on STIs and risky behaviours among MSM in communities as well as in health facilities for MSM in the North-West region of Tshwane.
文摘Recent studies investigating possible causes of male subfertility have largely focused on how lifestyle or environmental factors impact on the process of spermatogenesis, Markedly, fewer studies have investigated those risk factors that result in reduced sperm quality, such as poor sperm motility. The speed at which sperm swim is a major predictor of fertility and is extremely variable in human populations. It has been hypothesized that offspring sex may be adaptively manipulated to maximize the offspring＇s reproductive fitness （e.g., parents with genes for good male fertility traits, such as high sperm speed, would produce primarily sons and fewer daughters because the offspring will inherit advantageous male fertility genes）. Conversely, parents with poor male fertility genes would produce primarily daughters, We tested whether there was an association between how fast a man＇s sperm swam and the sex bias of his siblings in a sample of men attending clinic for fertility investigations with their partner and with a wide range of semen characteristics, including sperm speed. We found that the sex bias of a man＇s siblings is associated with his sperm speed; men with female-biased siblings had significantly slower sperm （judged using computer-assisted sperm analysis （CASA）） than men from male-biased sibships. This observation suggests family composition is an important factor that needs to be considered in future eDidemiological and clinical studies of human fertility,
文摘Erectile dysfunction （ED） is a common disorder among aging males. However, most aging males refuse to seek medical help and believe that ED is an irreversible event in the aging process. The purpose of this study was to describe the current medical management of ED in aging males and to examine whether it is too late to treat this disorder in these elderly men. From 2007 to 2008, 4507 patients diagnosed with ED were gathered from 46 centers in China; 4241 completed the study, 3837 of whom were treated with sildenafil. The 3837 patients were divided into five groups based on age （group A： 20-30 years; group B： 31-40 years; group C： 41-50 years; group D： 51-60 years; and group E： 〉60 years）. After comparing pre- and posttreatment International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain （IIEF-EF） questionnaires, Erection Hardness Scale （EHS）, and IIEF Q13 （＂How satisfied have you been with your overall sex life？＂）, we discovered that the aging males had worse erectile function, erection hardness, and sexual satisfaction than the younger males （P〈 0.001）. After treatment, the improvement rates in the IIEF-EF, EHS, and IIEF Q13 scores were 107.0%, 83.1%, and 116.5%, respectively. The magnitude of these changes demonstrated significant differences among groups （P 〈 0.001）. Accordingly, aging males are likely to benefit more from medical treatment. We propose that aging males should be informed that age is not a limiting factor for medical ED management, and it is never too late to treat.
文摘46,XX男性综合征是一类罕见的性发育障碍性疾病,通常染色体为46,XX且Y染色体性别决定区(sex-determining region Y gene,SRY)阳性,有正常的外生殖器和男性表型,多因成年后不育就诊。而SRY阴性的46,XX男性综合征患者多伴发外生殖器发育畸形,多因年幼时性发育异常就诊。报告1例SRY阴性的46,XX男性综合征患者,该患者外生殖器及第二性征发育均为正常男性型,检查发现患者核型为46,XX、SRY阴性、AZF区域缺失、高促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症且无精子症,其生育建议行供精人工授精。
