Comparative Studies on the Changes of Microtubule Distribution and Reorganization During the Meiotic Stages of Development in Normal (IR36) and a Temperature/photoperiod Sensitive Male Sterile Line (Peiai 64S) of Rice ( Oryza sativa )

Changes in the pattern of organization of microtubules in the meiotic stages of development of pollen (i.e. from pre-meiotic interphase to more or less metaphase I) of a normal (IR36) and a temperature/photoperiod sensitive male sterile line (Peiai 64S) of rice were studied using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In IR36, from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I, the pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes underwent a series of changes. Some new organizational patterns of microtubules (that have not been described before) were observed during microsporogenesis, including the existence of a broad band of perinuclear microtubules at the diakinesis stage of development. The pattern of microtubule distribution in the meiocytes of the male sterile line, Peiai 64S, was quite different front that seen in IR36. In Peiai 64S, the microtubules showed abnormal patterns of distribution from pre-meiotic interphase to metaphase I. For example the broad band of perinuclear microtubules seen at diakinesis in IR36 was much disorganized and loosened in Peiai 64S. The spindles formed were also very abnormal and different from the normal spindle. The appearance of abnormal microtubule distribution in the early stages of microsporogenesis may contribute to the malformation and ultimate abortion of pollen in Peiai 64S.

Characterization of Reverse Thermo-sensitive Genic Male Sterile Lines in Cold Regions of China

Yannong S, a reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile （TGMS） line, is sterile at high temperature and fertile at low temperature. In the present study, the fertility of Yannong S and the japonica reverse TGMS lines derived from it was in- vestigated in Harbin, Heilongjiang from 2013 to 2015. The results showed that Yan- nong S was completely male sterile in July and August （the hottest months of the year in Harbin）, and the seed setting rate of bagged panicles was 0. We also in- ferred that the critical temperature for inducing the sterility of Yannong S was higher than 28 ℃. Most of the japonica reverse TGMS lines derived from Yannong S were completely aborted in July and August, with a seed setting rate of 0. It can be con- cluded that the reverse TGMS lines derived from Yannong S are genetically stable lines that have a long period of sterility in cold regions, so they may be the ideal genetic materials for the development and in-situ seed production of japonica hybrid rice.

Recent advances in identification of male specificity determinant and its function in S-RNase-mediated gametophytic self-incompatibility

S-RNase-mediated gametophytic self-incompatibility （GSI） is controlled by a multiallelic S-locus at which two separate genes, the female （pistil） and male （pollen） specificity determinants, are tightly linked. This review described both the identification of pollen specific F-box genes, SLF/SFBs, in Antirrhinum, Petunia and Prunus species and the demonstration of SLF/SFB as pollen determinant together with their functions in GSI response. Recent studies of how the pollen determinant functions in pollination reaction revealed that pollen determinant interacted with S-RNases in a non-allele-specific manner. It targeted all of the non-self S-RNases for ubiquitination through a functional SCF complex and subsequent degradation via 26S proteasome pathway in compatible reaction. It allows pollen tube to reach into the embryo sac and to finish double fertilization. In incompatible response, the intact self S-RNases were left to function as a cytotoxin that degrades self-pollen tube RNA, resulting in the cessation of pollen tube growth.

Effects of progesterone on gastric emptying and intestinal transit in male rats

AIM: To study the dose-dependent of progesterone (P) effect and the interaction between the oxytocin (OT) and P on gastrointestinal motility. METHODS: In order to monitor the gastric emptying and intestinal transit, the SD male rats were intubated via a catheter with normal saline (3 ml/kg) containing Na(2)(51)CrO(4) (0.5 microCi/ml) and 10% charcoal. OT was dissolved into normal saline and P was dissolved into 75% alcohol. RESULTS: Low does of P (1 mg/kg, i.p.) enhanced the gastric emptying (75+/-3%, P【0.05) and high dose of P (5 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibit it (42+/-11.2%, P【0.01). P (1 mg/kg) increased the intestinal transit (4.2+/-0.3, P【0.05) while the higher dose (10-20 mg/kg) had no effect. OT (0.8 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited the gastric emptying (23.5+/-9.8%, P【0.01). The inhibitory effects of P(20 mg/kg) (32+/-9.7%, P【0.05) and OT (0.8 mg/kg) on gastric emptying enhanced each other when the two chemicals were administrated simultaneously (17+/-9.4%, P【0.01). CONCLUSION: Low dose of P increased GI motility while high dose of P decreased it. During the later period of pregnancy, elevated plasma level of OT may also participate in the gastrointestinal inhibition.

PCR analysis of Yq microdeletions in infertile males, a study from South India

AIM: To estimate the frequency of microdeletions in the long arm of Y-chromosome of 20 infertile males from South India. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using Y-specific STS of azoospermia factor (AZF) regions i.e., SY 84 for AZFa, SY 127 for AZFb and SY 254 for AZFc. RESULTS: Of the 20 infertile subjects 3 (15 %), one azoospermic and two oligozoospermic, showed microdeletions in the AZF region of Y-chromosome. CONCLUSION: The frequency of deletions involving AZF region of the Y-chromosome is 15 % in azoospermic and severely oligozoospermic infertile men. PCR amplification of AZF locus is useful for the diagnosis of microdeletions in the Y-chromosome.

Effects of Cow’s Milk on Reproduction in ICR Male Mice

Objective To study the effects of Cow＇s milk on the reproduction in male mice. Methods Twenty-four male mice were divided randomly into two groups： milk group （M） and control group （C）. Each mouse was given 10 mL milk per day from 4 to 16 weeks in the group M. At the age of 17 weeks, all the mice were sacrificed. Results Serum testosterone was decreased in the group M （P=0.037）. No significant difference was found in weight of testes, seminal vesicle or adrenal gland of mice between the groups C and M. However, the weight of seminal vesicle decreased when expressed in g/100 g body weight in the group M. Epididymal sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and sperm head number were not affected by milk. Conclusion Cow＇s milk has adverse effects on the reproductive system in ICR male mice. Further studies are needed to clarify the specific effects of milk on reproductive health.

Studies on the Photoperiod Sensitive Characters of Male Fertility Alteration of Peiai64S' Main Male Genic Sterile Gene

Peiai64S, an indica male sterile rice with a male fertility alteration under different environments, is selected from the offspring of indica rice crossed with Nongken58S. Nongken58S, a japonica pho-toperiod sensitive genie male sterile rice (PGMS), deriving from a natural mutant plant individual of normal japonica rice variety, Nongken58, is used as a male sterile gene donor of Peiai64S. But Peiai64S is not a typical PGMS rice, the male fertility is sensitive to temperature just as thermo-sensitive genie male sterile rice (TGMS). We have selected typical PGMS plants in F2 population of Peiai64S× Nongken58, whose ratio of fertile plants to sterile plants is nearly 3:1. The sterility inheritance conformed to one pair of gene segregation model. The result indicates the main male sterile gene in Peiai64S is not other than the PGMS gene, and comes from Nongken58S. The genetic background affects effective expression of the PGMS gene. This suggests that we ought to focus on optimizing the genetic background of the PGMS gene in PGMS rice breeding, and select an ideal genetic background as a transgenic background in molecular breeding.

Differences in Male Climacteric Symptoms and Lifestyle Depending on the Duration of Working among Rotating Night Shift Workers

Background: There are various health problems in rotating shift workers. There have been few studies on the associations of male climacteric symptoms with duration of working and lifestyle. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the differences in male climacteric symptoms depending on the number of working years and to determine whether lifestyle habits differ depending on the number of working years in rotating shift workers. Methods: We collected participant’s data from the manufacturing companies in Japan during the period from March to May in 2017. We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey in 1561 male rotating night shift workers. Male climacteric symptoms were evaluated by using the Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS) rating scale. We analyzed 636 rotating shift workers aged over 40 years old whose all AMS data was collected. Results: A significant difference in psychological AMS score was found between men who had worked for 10 - 19 years (9.4 ± 3.9) and men who had worked for more than 40 years (7.6 ± 3.0) (p = 0.011). Sexual functional AMS score significantly differed depending on the number of working years (less than 10 years: 8.1 ± 3.9, 10 - 19 years: 9.8 ± 4.1, 20 - 29 years: 7.9 ± 3.3, 30 - 39 years: 9.3 ± 3.5, more than 40 years: 9.3 ± 3.5) (p < 0.001). The proportion of workers with a balanced meal intake was significantly lower in men who had worked for less than 10 years and the proportions of such workers were significantly higher in men who had worked for 10 - 19 years and for more than 40 years. The proportions of men who did not drink alcohol were high in men who had worked for less than 10 years and 20 - 29 years and low in men who had worked more than 30 years. Conclusion: Psychological AMS score and sexual functional AMS score are significantly different among the 5 groups according to the number of working years on rotating shift. In addition, well-balanced diet on day shift and reduction of alcohol drinking is a related-factor for long-term rotating night shift workers.

Effects of Women’s Autonomy and Male Involvement on Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) Service Utilization in Uttar Pradesh

Introduction: Effective utilization of reproductive and child health (RCH) services is important to reduce morbidity and mortality among mothers as well as children under-five. After International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), 1994 India has increasingly integrated male participation in women’s reproductive health to improve the women’s health care during pregnancy and child birth. This study examined effect of women’s autonomy and male involvement on RCH services utilization in Uttar Pradesh State of India. Methodology: State level data of Uttar Pradesh from National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), India for currently married women and men aged 15 - 49 years was considered. The study was restricted to couples whose youngest child was born during the three years preceding the survey (N = 2685). Pearson chi-square test was used to determine the association of background characteristics with woman’s autonomy and male involvement in RCH utilization. Logistic regression was used to understand the effects of male involvement and women’s autonomy, using both computed indices after controlling for socio-economic and background characteristics of women and their husbands. Subsequently, the exercise was extended using individual component of both the indices. All findings were reported for 95% CI and p < 0.05. Results: Findings show that except religion, other socio-economic and demographic variables such as age of women, place of residence, number of living children, caste/tribe, women’s work status, education, wealth index, household structure and exposure to mass media, husband’s age, education, and occupation were statistically significant and associated with women’s autonomy and male involvement. Multivariate analysis indicated women’s autonomous decision making and support from their husbands (male involvement) significantly influenced their utilization of RCH services after controlling for all socio-economic and demographic variables. Conclusion: To improve RCH service utilization and overall health status of women and children male involvement and women’s autonomous decision-making should be addressed in all future RCH programs in the State.

Analysis on the Characteristics of Singing Liao Songs with Male Voice in Pingguo of Guangxi

Liao songs are the cultural and artistic products brewed by the people of Zhuang ethnic minority for thousand years. In this paper, the style and characteristics of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice in Guangxi are mainly introduced through an analysis of vocal music and the study on the performance forms, singing language characteristics, and vocal music and resonance is mainly included, and also the important significance of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice is discussed. Also, it is compared with the modern Chinese folk singing styles.

Mapping of a gene for photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterility in Nongken 58s on chromosome 5 of rice

A photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile (PGMS) rice was found in 1973 as a spontaneous mutant of Nongken 58, a japonica variety. Pollen fertility of Nongken 58s (N58s) is completely sterile when grown under long-day conditions, whereas fertile under short-day conditions. This PGMS was found to be controlled by one or two recessive gene(s), of which one gene(pms)was linked to a marker gene(d-1) on chromosome 5. In order to identify a more precise location of the pms, we analyzed the populations of BCFand BCFof N58s//N58s/KL211(v-10, virescent) and N58s//N58s/KL520 (gh-1, gold hull). The marker genes v-10 and gh-1 are located on the flanking region of d-1. The F, plants of two crosses were fertile. The number of fertile and sterile individuals in BCFfit

优质籼型光温敏核不育系荃时S的选育与应用

介绍了荃时S的选育过程、特征特性、配组应用及繁殖技术要点。荃时S是以银312S为母本,与配合力好的优良恢复系YR0822杂交,采用系谱法选育而成的籼型光温敏核不育系,具有育性转换起点温度较低、不育性稳定、异交率高、抗倒伏、米质优等特点,2021年通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会组织的专家技术鉴定。该不育系与恢复系银泰香占配制的籼型两系杂交水稻品种时两优泰香具有中抗稻瘟病、米质达部标优1级、丰产等特点,并获得2022年(第四届)安徽省优质稻品种食味品质籼稻金奖,2022年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。

玉米S型细胞质雄性不育恢复基因Rf3的精细定位及其候选基因预测

细胞质雄性不育(Cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS)广泛存在于高等植物,CMS-S是玉米CMS的一种,其育性可以被恢复基因Rf3完全恢复。目前Rf3基因尚未成功克隆。本试验根据玉米CMS-S配子体不育特点,提出一种全新的同质群体构建方法,通过该方法获得群体的所有个体均携带Rf3恢复基因,省去田间表型鉴定工作,并可在同一世代获得足够的重组个体。该方法可直接用种子提取基因组DNA,大大提高Rf3定位的效率。利用该同质定位群体,将恢复基因Rf3精细定位到分子标记A165与CG2之间,参照玉米自交系B73的基因组序列,两个标记之间的物理距离约为1.4 Mb。

棉花恢复系的恢复力与花药谷胱甘肽S转移酶活性的关系

转gst基因棉花恢复系“浙大强恢”克服了传统恢复系的恢复力不够强的缺陷 ,用此种恢复系配制的杂种F1 ,其花粉育性强 ,杂种优势明显。进一步研究的结果表明 :在造孢细胞增殖、小孢子减数分裂和花粉成熟 3个时期 ,转基因恢复系花药中谷胱甘肽S转移酶 (GST)活性比受体恢复系花药中的都有极显著提高。与受体恢复系配制的F1 相比 ,转基因恢复系配制的F1 花药中GST酶活性也有极显著提高。相关性分析表明 ,以“浙大强恢”和“DES HAF2 77”为父本配制的F1 ,其可育花粉率与其小孢子减数分裂时期和花粉成熟时期花药中GST酶活性呈极显著正相关 。

应用花培技术选育优质低温敏水稻核不育系金山S-1

选用性状互补的两个亲本8-1S和香125S杂交,采用系谱育种和花药培养相结合的方法育成两用核不育系金山S-1,已于2004年12月通过福建省科技厅技术鉴定。该两用不育系具临界温度低、不育性稳定、不育期长(>120 d)、米质优、配合力好、异交率结实高等特点。以金山S-1配制的杂交稻新组合具产量高、米质优等特点,具有较广阔的应用前景。

男性不育症患者GST基因多态性与精子质量、氧化应激、细胞凋亡的相关性研究

目的:研究男性不育症患者谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)基因多态性与精子质量、氧化应激、细胞凋亡的相关性。方法:纳入本院首次诊断为男性不育症伴少弱精子症的患者作为不育组并根据GST基因GSTM1及GSTT1亚型缺失的多态性分为GSTM1/T1[+/+]、GSTM1/T1[+/-]、GSTM1/T1[-/+]、GSTM1/T1[-/-],测定精液质量的参数以及精液中氧化应激指标、细胞凋亡指标的含量。结果:GSTM1/T1[+/-]、GSTM1/T1[-/+]、GSTM1/T1[-/-]患者的精子浓度、精子活力以及精液中Nme5、PKC、ERK、TA、Bcl-2的含量均显著低于GSTM1/T1[+/+]患者,精液中MDA、AOPP、AIF、Caspase-9、Caspase-3的含量高于GSTM1/T1[+/+]患者(P<0.05);GSTM1/T1[-/-]患者的精子浓度、精子活力以及精液中Nme5、PKC、ERK、TA、Bcl-2的含量均显著低于GSTM1/T1[+/-]、GSTM1/T1[-/+]患者,精液中MDA、AOPP、AIF、Caspase-9、Caspase-3的含量高于GSTM1/T1[+/-]、GSTM1/T1[-/+]患者(P<0.05)。结论:男性不育症患者GST基因GSTM1及GSTT1亚型的缺失会造成精子质量低下并激活氧化应激及细胞凋亡。

玉米CMS-S恢复基因Rf_3近等基因系的蛋白质分析

【目的】Rf3是玉米CMS-S型不育系两个以上恢复基因中的标准基因,对其进行分子生物学研究意义很大。【方法】利用自主创建的Rf3近等基因系不育群体(Ps)和可育恢复系群体(Pf)为试材,采用改进的双向(二维)聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(2D-PAGE)技术,对苗期、成株期叶片细胞总蛋白进行分析。【结果】分离到在Pf遗传背景下分子量为25.2kD,等电点为5.0的特异蛋白质RRPⅡ,优化了2D-PAGE技术。【结论】该特异蛋白质点的出现与消失可能与玉米CMS-S的育性恢复有一定关系,对其纯化分离将为Rf3基因的克隆奠定基础和进一步了解玉米质核互作不育表达模式的分子机制。结合本研究,文章还讨论了采用2D-PAGE技术在玉米分子生物学研究中的优化以及基因组学与蛋白组学研究的衔接。

水稻不育系安农S-1育性转换及相关基因的表达分析

通过在自然环境和高温温室内对安农S 1的不同部位进行高温、低温诱导处理 ,对水稻温敏核不育系安农S 1的温度敏感时期和诱导部位进行了研究。总共进行了 8种处理 ,结果表明 :安农S 1的育性转换时期是从花粉母细胞形成到减数分裂的四分体时期之前。在育性转换时期 ,处于高温的条件下 ,根部低温处理不能诱导安农S 1可育 ,穗部低温处理可以使安农S 1保持可育 ,可见安农S 1的温度敏感部位在幼穗。aprt基因和育性相关 ,用RT PCR方法研究了aprt基因在安农S 1不同部位和不同温度环境的表达变化 ,结果显示 ,在幼穗中aprt基因的表达在高温环境中被大幅度下调 ,而在叶中和根中的变化比较小 ,这说明幼穗对温度最敏感 ,从侧面验证了引起安农S 1育性转换的温度敏感部位是在幼穗。

谷胱甘肽S-转移酶基因多态性与男性不育

男性不育的发生是遗传因素与环境因素相互作用的过程,机体对内外源性化学物质的代谢和解毒能力影响个体对男性不育的易感性。谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)属于机体Ⅱ相解毒酶系统,其参与细胞对外源性化学物质和人工合成有机物质解毒的各个生理阶段。研究发现,GSTs基因多态性与男性不育有一定的相关性。在同一地区人群中,GSTs基因多态性对男性不育的易感性具有相似性,也存在不一致性;在不同地区人群中,GSTs基因多态性对男性不育的易感性不一致,也存在相似性。因此,GSTs基因多态性对男性不育患者的易感性在不同人群中存在差异。

水稻光温敏核不育系新安S种子休眠特性研究

以海南收获的新安S种子为材料，对其休眠特性、休眠机理和解除休眠的方法进行了研究，从稃壳、α-淀粉酶活性、温度3个方面探讨休眠的机理，并采取了多种物理和化学方法解除休眠。结果表明，新安S种子具有深度休眠特性，休眠期为47～62d；休眠种子的α-淀粉酶活性低于解除休眠后的种子；稃壳是影响新安S种子休眠的重要因素。高温干燥（45℃烘4d）和剥壳处理以及适宜浓度的强氯精、H202、稀硝酸和GA3溶液浸种均能有效解除新安S种子的休眠。