It is said that there is no hero in The Merchant of Venice, but a heroine, who is Portia, an independent, intelligent and beautiful Renaissance lady, who makes great efforts to grasp and defend her happiness. Her exce...It is said that there is no hero in The Merchant of Venice, but a heroine, who is Portia, an independent, intelligent and beautiful Renaissance lady, who makes great efforts to grasp and defend her happiness. Her excellent performance in Shylock's suit also exhibits her extraordinary splendor as the focus of the whole play. However, she has to accept the conventional orientation for a woman's fate, obedient to her father and her husband, and yet she cannot participate in the social career unless in disguise.展开更多
Born in Perth, Western Australia, Dorothy Coade Hewett (21 May 1923-25 August 2002) was a well-known poet, novelist and dramatist. The feminist movement in Australia began at the end of the 19 th century. But in Dorot...Born in Perth, Western Australia, Dorothy Coade Hewett (21 May 1923-25 August 2002) was a well-known poet, novelist and dramatist. The feminist movement in Australia began at the end of the 19 th century. But in Dorothy's time, Australian society was still a male-dominated society. Women were defined as daughters, sisters, lovers, wives, mothers, grandmothers, domestic treasure, except as themselves. They were not given many chances and were treated differently from men. However, Dorothy hated all those roles given by the society to women and was determined to pursue her dream as an actress and a writer. She advocated sexual freedom, demanded equal pay for women workers, and as one of the founder members of the Union of Australian women, she also started the first left-wing Australian women's journal. In all her life, Dorothy had been struggling for the realization of her self-value and fighting against the male-dominated society.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic cancer remain difficult to treat, and despite the ongoing development of new treatments, the overall survival rate has only modestly improved over the past decade. Liver a...Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic cancer remain difficult to treat, and despite the ongoing development of new treatments, the overall survival rate has only modestly improved over the past decade. Liver and pancreatic progenitors commonly develop from endoderm cells in the embryonic foregut. A previous study showed that HCC and pancreatic cancer cell lines variably express androgen receptor (AR), and these cancers and the surrounding tissues also express AR. AR is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily. Androgen response element is present in regulatory elements on the AR-responsive target genes, such as transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It is well known that the activation of AR is associated with human carcinogenesis in prostate cancer as well as HCC and pancreatic cancer and that GRP78, TGF beta, and VEGF all play important roles in carcinogenesis and cancer development in these cancers. HCC is a male-dominant cancer irrespective of its etiology. Previous work has reported that vertebrae forkhead box A 1/2 are involved in estrogen receptors and/or AR signaling pathways, which may contribute to the gender differences observed with HCC. Our recent work also showed that AR has a critical role in pancreatic cancer development, despite pancreatic cancer not being a male dominant cancer. Aryl hydrocarbon (or dioxin) receptor is also involved in both HCC and pancreatic cancer through the formation of complex with AR. It is possible that AR might be involved in their carcinogenesis through major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A/B. This review article describes AR and its role in HCC and pancreatic cancer and suggests that more specific AR signaling-inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of these “difficult to treat” cancers.展开更多
The Chrysanthemums, written by American writer John Steinbeck, is a good short story. In this novel, John Steinbeck reveals a tragic fact and creates a female image, Elisa Allen, who fails to realize her own social va...The Chrysanthemums, written by American writer John Steinbeck, is a good short story. In this novel, John Steinbeck reveals a tragic fact and creates a female image, Elisa Allen, who fails to realize her own social value in the male-dominated soci?ety. As we know, the various components of a story such as setting, characters, and language are closely bound with theme.Therefore, this essay attempts to analyze how John Steinbeck make the story unified through combining the setting of the story,the description of the characters, language and symbolism in the story to reveal the theme.展开更多
文摘It is said that there is no hero in The Merchant of Venice, but a heroine, who is Portia, an independent, intelligent and beautiful Renaissance lady, who makes great efforts to grasp and defend her happiness. Her excellent performance in Shylock's suit also exhibits her extraordinary splendor as the focus of the whole play. However, she has to accept the conventional orientation for a woman's fate, obedient to her father and her husband, and yet she cannot participate in the social career unless in disguise.
文摘Born in Perth, Western Australia, Dorothy Coade Hewett (21 May 1923-25 August 2002) was a well-known poet, novelist and dramatist. The feminist movement in Australia began at the end of the 19 th century. But in Dorothy's time, Australian society was still a male-dominated society. Women were defined as daughters, sisters, lovers, wives, mothers, grandmothers, domestic treasure, except as themselves. They were not given many chances and were treated differently from men. However, Dorothy hated all those roles given by the society to women and was determined to pursue her dream as an actress and a writer. She advocated sexual freedom, demanded equal pay for women workers, and as one of the founder members of the Union of Australian women, she also started the first left-wing Australian women's journal. In all her life, Dorothy had been struggling for the realization of her self-value and fighting against the male-dominated society.
基金Supported by Grants for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science,and Technology,Japan(to Kanda T)
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic cancer remain difficult to treat, and despite the ongoing development of new treatments, the overall survival rate has only modestly improved over the past decade. Liver and pancreatic progenitors commonly develop from endoderm cells in the embryonic foregut. A previous study showed that HCC and pancreatic cancer cell lines variably express androgen receptor (AR), and these cancers and the surrounding tissues also express AR. AR is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily. Androgen response element is present in regulatory elements on the AR-responsive target genes, such as transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It is well known that the activation of AR is associated with human carcinogenesis in prostate cancer as well as HCC and pancreatic cancer and that GRP78, TGF beta, and VEGF all play important roles in carcinogenesis and cancer development in these cancers. HCC is a male-dominant cancer irrespective of its etiology. Previous work has reported that vertebrae forkhead box A 1/2 are involved in estrogen receptors and/or AR signaling pathways, which may contribute to the gender differences observed with HCC. Our recent work also showed that AR has a critical role in pancreatic cancer development, despite pancreatic cancer not being a male dominant cancer. Aryl hydrocarbon (or dioxin) receptor is also involved in both HCC and pancreatic cancer through the formation of complex with AR. It is possible that AR might be involved in their carcinogenesis through major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A/B. This review article describes AR and its role in HCC and pancreatic cancer and suggests that more specific AR signaling-inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of these “difficult to treat” cancers.
文摘The Chrysanthemums, written by American writer John Steinbeck, is a good short story. In this novel, John Steinbeck reveals a tragic fact and creates a female image, Elisa Allen, who fails to realize her own social value in the male-dominated soci?ety. As we know, the various components of a story such as setting, characters, and language are closely bound with theme.Therefore, this essay attempts to analyze how John Steinbeck make the story unified through combining the setting of the story,the description of the characters, language and symbolism in the story to reveal the theme.
