Phosphorylated protein chip combined with artificial intelligence tools for precise drug screening

We have developed a protein array system,named"Phospho-Totum",which reproduces the phosphorylation state of a sample on the array.The protein array contains 1471 proteins from 273 known signaling pathways.According to the activation degrees of tyrosine kinases in the sample,the corresponding groups of substrate proteins on the array are phosphorylated under the same conditions.In addition to measuring the phosphorylation levels of the 1471 substrates,we have developed and performed the artificial intelligence-assisted tools to further characterize the phosphorylation state and estimate pathway activation,tyrosine kinase activation,and a list of kinase inhibitors that produce phosphorylation states similar to that of the sample.The Phospho-Totum system,which seamlessly links and interrogates the measurements and analyses,has the potential to not only elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms in diseases by reproducing the phosphorylation state of samples,but also be useful for drug discovery,particularly for screening targeted kinases for potential drug kinase inhibitors.

Evidence for the Reliability and Validity of the Arabic Version of the Student Risk Screening Scale for Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors (SRSS-IE)

School-based universal screening for behavioral/emotional risk is a necessary first step to providing services in an educational setting for students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBDs). Psychometric properties are critical to making decisions about choosing a screening instrument. The purpose of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the student risk screening scale for internalizing and externalizing behaviors (SRSS-IE). Participants included 3145 students and their teachers. Item-level analyses of the current sample supported the retention of all items. The internal consistency of the SRSS items ranged from 0.83 to 0.85. Convergent validity between the SRSS-IE and a well-established screening tool, the strength and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ), was found for the total score (r = 0.70). Additionally, the results of this study demonstrate strong social validity, suggesting the SRSS-IE to be a useful and functional screening tool. We conclude that the SRSS-IE is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the level of emotional and behavioral difficulties among elementary students.

Dissociative symptoms and dissociative disorders comorbidity in obsessive compulsive disorder: Symptom screening, diagnostic tools and reflections on treatment

Borderline personality disorder, conversion disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder frequently have dissociative symptoms. The literature has demonstrated that the level of dissociation might be correlated with the severity of obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD) and that those not responding to treatment had high dissociative symptoms. The structured clinical interview for DSM-IV dissociative disorders, dissociation questionnaire, somatoform dissociation questionnaire and dissociative experiences scale can be used for screening dissociative symptoms and detecting dissociative disorders in patients with OCD. However, a history of neglect and abuse during childhood is linked to a risk factor in the pathogenesis of dissociative psychopathology in adults. The childhood trauma questionnaire-53 and childhood trauma questionnaire-40 can be used for this purpose. Clinicians should not fail to notice the hidden dissociative symptoms and childhood traumatic experiences in OCD cases with severe symptoms that are resistant to treatment. Symptom screening and diagnostic tools used for this purpose should be known. Knowing how to treat these pathologies in patients who are diagnosed with OCD can be crucial.

Culturally adapted pictorial screening tool for autism spectrum disorder:A new approach

AIM To assess the performance of a newly designed,culturally adapted screening tool for autism spectrum disorder(ASD).METHODS Items for the screening tool were modeled from already documented checklists and diagnostic criteria for ASD.Each item in text was paired with a photograph that illustrated the written content,which was in the 2 main local languages.The final product had 21 items and was named the pictorial autism assessment schedule(PAAS).Performance of PAAS was tested on a clinical sample of 18-48 mo old children,diagnosis na?ve,presenting with developmental deficits.Mothers completed PAAS checklist.Based on clinical diagnosis,which was taken as the gold standard,children were later grouped into ASD(Group 1) and non-ASD developmental disorders(Group 2).Mothers of a control sample of typically developing children also completed PAAS(Group 3).RESULTS A total of 105 children(Group 1-45,Group 2-30,Group 3-30) participated in the study.Mean age of Group 1 and Group 2 were 36 and 40 mo respectively.Majority were male in all 3 groups.Performance of PAAS in discriminating between ASD and non-ASD developmental disorders was sensitivity 88.8%,specificity 60.7%,positive predictive value(PPV) 78.4%,negative predictive value(NPV) 77.2%,likelihood ratio(LR+) 2.26,and LR-0.18.Performance of PAAS in discriminating between ASD and typical development was sensitivity 88.0%,specificity 93.3%,PPV 95.2%,NPV 84.0%,LR+ 13.3 and LR- 0.12.The results indicated that that a positive result from PAAS was 2.26 times more likely to be found in a child with ASD than in a child with non-ASD developmental disorder.A positive result from PAAS was 13.3 times more likely to be found in a child with ASD than in a child with typical development.CONCLUSION PAAS is an effective tool in screening for ASD.Further study is indicated to evaluate the feasibility of using this instrument for community screening for ASD.

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) in Adult Cancer Patients: a Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective According to literature,cancer patients have the highest incidence of malnutrition among hospital patients(40%-80%).Despite this high prevalence,this condition is still under-diagnosed.The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic performance of the Malnutrition Screening Tool(MST),a simple tool that can be applied in a busy setting where a comprehensive assessment at screening would be impractical.Methods PubMed,EMBASE and Cochrane central register of controlled trials were systematically searched to identify records relevant to the research question.The QUADAS-2 was used to assess the quality of each included study and the meta-analysis was conducted using the hierarchical bivariate model in STATA.Results Seven records were included in this study and the overall sensitivity specificity,diagnostic odds ratio(DOR).The pooled sensitivity and specificity generated after the meta-analysis in STATA were 0.78(95%CI:0.64-0.88)and 0.82(95%CI:0.76-0.87),respectively.The corresponding DOR was 16.33(95%CI:7.08-37.67).The positive likelihood ratio(LR+)was+4.39(95%CI:3.02-6.38),and the negative likelihood ratio(LR-)were 0.27(95%CI:0.16-0.47)and the 1/LR-3.72(2.14-6.46).Conclusion These results showed that the MST provides weak diagnostic evidence when used to screen for malnutrition in adult cancer patients.

Current state and future direction of screening tool for colorectal cancer

As the second-most-common cause of cancer death,colorectal cancer(CRC)has been recognized as one of the biggest health concerns in advanced countries.The 5-year survival rate for patients with early-stage CRC is significantly better than that for patients with CRC detected at a late stage.The primary target for CRC screening and prevention is advanced neoplasia,which includes both CRC itself,as well as benign but histologically advanced adenomas that are at increased risk for progression to malignancy.Prevention of CRC through detection of advanced adenomas is important.It is,therefore,necessary to develop more efficient detection methods to enable earlier detection and therefore better prognosis.Although a number of CRC diagnostic methods are currently used for early detection,including stool-based tests,traditional colonoscopy,etc.,they have not shown optimal results due to several limitations.Hence,development of more reliable screening methods is required in order to detect the disease at an early stage.New screening tools also need to be able to accurately diagnose CRC and advanced adenoma,help guide treatment,and predict the prognosis along with being relatively simple and non-invasive.As part of such efforts,many proposals for the early detection of colorectal neoplasms have been introduced.For example,metabolomics,referring to the scientific study of the metabolism of living organisms,has been shown to be a possible approach for discovering CRCrelated biomarkers.In addition,a growing number of high-performance screening methodologies could facilitate biomarker identification.In the present,evidence-based review,the authors summarize the current state as recognized by the recent guideline recommendation from the American Cancer Society,US Preventive Services Task Force and the United States Multi-Society Task Force and discuss future direction of screening tools for colorectal cancer.Further,we highlight the most interesting publications on new screening tools,like molecular biomarkers and metabolomics,and discuss these in detail.

A new Screening Tool for Detecting Early Atheroslerosis

In a study published in the current issue of the Journal of Geriatric Cardiology, Ang and co-investigators used the highresolution 64-slice CT coronary angiography to detect coronary lesions in a group of patients with atypical angina.1 The clinical data of these patients were also used to calculate their risk according the Framingham and PROCAM scoring system.2,3 As the cohort is composed with a majority of low risk patients with atypical angina, only a small minority of the patients were classified as having medium and high risk. The results showed that MDCT uncovered 18% either significant lesions (＞50% stenosis) or calcifications (＞400Agatston units)in the low risk patients and 33% in the medium and high risk subgroups.……

A Framework for a Subwatershed-Scale Screening Tool to Support Development of Resiliency Solutions and Flood Protection Priority Areas in a Low-Lying Coastal Community

Flood risk analysis is the instrument for local officials to create a sound strategy and adaptation plans for the impacts of inundation due to heavy rains, climate change and sea level rise. Hence, cities with aging infrastructure are retrofitting their stormwater management systems to mitigate the impacts. However determining the most at risk areas and the options for corrections is more challenging. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop a screening tool to analyze watersheds and identify the most at-risk areas. High-quality, open source data and sophisticated spatial analysis techniques allow engineers to create innovative ways to conduct watershed wide inundation analysis. In this study, the investigators developed a screening tool to identify at-risk properties by combining readily available data on topography, groundwater, surface water, tidal information for coastal communities, soils, open space, and rainfall data. Once the screening tool is developed, the means to identify and prioritize improvements to be funded with scarce capital funds is the next step. A tool box of solutions was developed to address flood risk and vulnerability. Testing of the screening tool was conducted in Broward County, Florida and shows encouraging results. Comparison with FEMA Flood maps and repetitive loss mapping indicates that the process works in a coastal community. The framework appears to be viable across cities that may be inundated with water due to sea-level rise, rainfall, runoff upstream, and other natural events.

Dimensional(premenstrual symptoms screening tool)vs categorical(mini diagnostic interview,module U)for assessment of premenstrual disorders

BACKGROUND Premenstrual syndrome(PMS)is the constellation of physical and psychological symptoms before menstruation.Premenstrual dysphoric disorder(PMDD)is a severe form of PMS with more depressive and anxiety symptoms.The Mini international neuropsychiatric interview,module U(MINI-U),assesses the diagnostic criteria for probable PMDD.The Premenstrual Symptoms screening tool(PSST)measures the severity of these symptoms.AIM To compare the PSST ordinal scores with the corresponding dichotomous MINI-U answers.METHODS Arab women(n=194)residing in Doha,Qatar,received the MINI-U and PSST.Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)analyses provided the cut-off scores on the PSST using MINI-U as a gold standard.RESULTS All PSST ratings were higher in participants with positive responses on MINI-U.In addition,ROC analyses showed that all areas under the curves were significant with the cutoff scores on PSST.CONCLUSION This study confirms that the severity measures from PSST can recognize patients with moderate/severe PMS and PMDD who would benefit from immediate treatment.

Nutritional assessment with different tools in leukemia patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Objective： Correct nutritional assessment is essential for leukemia patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （HSCT）. This study aimed to investigate the best nutritional assessment method for leukemia patients after HSCT, and find the possible nutritional risk of the patients during the transplantation process in order to intervene in the patients with nutritional risks and undernourished patients timely, so that the entire transplantation process could be successfully completed. Methods： A prospective study was performed in 108 leukemia patients after HSCT, and different nutritional assessment methods, including nutritional risk screening 2002 （NRS2002）, mini nutritional assessment （MNA）, subjective globe assessment （SGA） and malnutritional universal screening tools （MUST）, were used. The associations between nutritional status of these patients and nutritional assessment methods were analyzed. Results： A total of 108 patients completed SGA, and 99 patients completed NRS2002, MNA and MUST. During the treatment process, 85.2% of the patients lost weight, wherein, 50% lost weight greater than 5%, and 42.6% had significantly reduced food intake. For nutritional risk assessment, the positive rates of NRS2002, MNA and MUST were 100%, 74.7% and 63.6%, respectively. There was a significant difference （P〈0.05） among the positive rates of NRS2002, MNA and MUST. In undernutrition assessment, the positive rate of SGA （83.3%） was significantly higher than that of MNA （17.2%） （P〈0.05）, and the incidence rate of nutritional risk among leukemia patients _〈30 years old was greater than that of patients 〉30 years old （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： Patients with leukemia were in poor nutritional status during and after HSCT. The leukemia patients 〈30 years old had a greater incidence rate of nutritional risk. As nutritional risk screening tool, the specificity of NRS2002 is not high, but it can be used for evaluating nutritional deficiencies. MNA is a good nutritional risk screening tool, but not an adequate tool for nutritional assessment. If assessment of undernutrition is necessary, the combination of all these screening tools and clinical laboratory indicators should he applied to improve accuracy.

Role of international normalized ratio in nonpulmonary sepsis screening:An observational study

Currently,there is a lack of sepsis screening tools that can be widely used worldwide.Pulmonary sepsis can be of sufficient concern to physicians due to their noticeable symptoms,which usually rely less on screening tools.AIM To investigate the efficiency of the international normalized ratio(INR)for the early rapid recognition of adult nonpulmonary infectious sepsis.METHODS This is a prospective observational study.A total of 108 sepsis patients and 106 nonsepsis patients were enrolled according to relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria.Commonly used clinical indicators,such as white blood cell,neutrophil count,lymphocyte count,neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio(NLCR),platelets(PLT),prothrombin time,INR,activated partial thromboplastin time,and quick Sequential“Sepsis-related”Organ Failure Assessment(qSOFA)scores were recorded within 24 h after admission.The diagnostic performances of these clinical indicators were analyzed and compared through multivariate logistic regression analysis,Spearman correlation,and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.The INR value of the sepsis group was significantly higher than that of the nonsepsis group.INR has superior diagnostic efficacy for sepsis,with an area under the curve value of 0.918,when those preexisting diseases which significantly affect coagulation function were excluded.The diagnostic efficacy of the INR was more significant than that of NLCR,PLT,and qSOFA(P<0.05).Moreover,INR levels of 1.17,1.20,and 1.22 could be used to categorize the relative risk of nonpulmonary infections sepsis into three categories:low,medium and high risk,respectively.CONCLUSION The INR is a promising and easily available biomarker for diagnosis,and it can be used as one of the indicators for early screening of adult nonpulmonary infectious sepsis.When its value is higher than the optimal cutoff value(1.22),high vigilance is required for adult nonpulmonary infectious sepsis.

Validation of the clinical tuberculosis screening algorithm used in Nigerian national tuberculosis control programme for screening people living with HIV

Background: In high HIV prevalence, tuberculosis diagnosis is challenging. Some countries hence use clinical algorithms to screen for tuberculosis in People Living with HIV (PLHIV). Objectives: The aim of the study was to validate the national algorithm for clinical tuberculosis screening of persons living with HIV who attend comprehensive HIV clinics. Methods: A cross-sectional study of PLHIV who presented with cough of at least 2 weeks duration between 2009 and 2011 at St Patrick’s Hospital, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Sputum smear microscopy for acid fast bacilli was obtained from the participants. Results: Three hundred and twelve PLHIV were studied: 146 (46.8%) males and 166 (53.2%) females. Only 55 (17.6%) of the participants had smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Weight loss (c2 = 2.33;P = 0.127), hemoptysis (c2 = 0.03;P = 0.864), night sweats (c2 = 1.52;P = 0.218), fever (c2 = 3.49;P = 0.06), anorexia (c2 = 0.49;P = 0.484), chest pain (c2 = 2.48;P = 0.115), breathlessness (c2 = 0.63;P = 0.426) were not significant in PLHWA with/without pulmonary tuberculosis. Cough, fever, night sweat and weight loss combined gave a sensitivity of 97.0%, specificity of 10.9%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 93.3% and positive predictive value (PPV) of 21.8%. Conclusion: Findings suggest that though national screening algorithm is a valid tool to screen for tuberculosis in PLHIV, it will lead to many false positive results.

Nutrition Screening and Referrals in Two Rural Australian Oncology Clinics

Malnutrition is common, and is a significant contributing factor to morbidity and mortality in the oncology setting. Previous research suggests that dietetic services in rural oncology clinics need to be well organized, timely and flexible with routine screening processes. In the absence of routine nutrition screening, it is hypothesized that oncology patients are only referred to dietetic services when malnutrition is overt or advanced. The aim of this study was to describe and compare dietetic services in two rural Australian oncology clinics and investigate nutrition screening and referral practices to determine if oncology patients at nutritional risk were appropriately referred. A retrospective file audit of medical and treatment records was conducted for a sample of oncology patients to determine the proportion of patients at risk of malnutrition by using the Malnutrition Screening Tool retrospectively. Dietetic treatment statistics and key stakeholders were consulted to compare dietetic service provision across the two sites. Seventy-eight percent of patients (n = 129) were retrospectively determined to be at nutritional risk during the study period, however, only 66% of these patients were referred to a dietitian. Dietetic treatment statistics varied across the two sites ranging from 26 to 62 treated patients, an average of 2.4 to 4.5 dietetic interventions per patient and an average difference in patient intervention time of 62 minutes during the 12-month study period. This study confirmed findings from previous research, highlighting that without routine nutrition screening in oncology, at least one third of patients at nutritional risk were failing to be identified and referred to dietetic services for appropriate treatment. Routine nutrition screening should be implemented to standardise and prioritise dietetic service provision, and oncology specific funding should be allocated to the dietetic service to ensure that staffing is adequate to provide a timely service.

Understanding Health Worker Perspectives on Risk Screening for HIV Testing—A Qualitative Study from Zimbabwe

Background: Zimbabwe recorded a 55% increase in HIV testing from 2011 to 2018 but with decreasing HIV-testing yields from 20% to 6% respectively as we aim to identify the narrowing gap of undiagnosed people living with HIV. As such adoption of screening tools during targeted HIV testing services improves efficiency by identifying individuals who are likely to test positive. Effective utilization of screening tools requires an understanding of health care worker perception and willingness to use the tools. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study among healthcare workers at 8 selected primary healthcare facilities in Zimbabwe. Interviewer-guided, in-depth interviews were conducted with healthcare workers and their immediate supervisors. Thematic analysis was performed following a framework built around the grounded theory model to describe perspectives that influence the utilization of HIV screening tools and suggestions for improved eligibility screening. Results: Behavioural factors facilitating the utilisation of the screening tool included motivation to adhere to standard practice, awareness of screening in targeting testing, and its ability to manage workload through screening out ineligible clients. This was evident across service delivery levels. Barriers included limited healthcare capacity, confidentiality space, multiple screening tools and opaque screening in/out criteria and the potential of clients not responding to screening questions truthfully. Conclusions: Across geographical and service delivery levels, placing screening tools at HIV testing entry points, healthcare worker knowledge on screening in/out criteria emerged as enablers for correct and consistent utilization. Further, standardizing the tools and adopting a decision aid algorithm would improve the accurate utilisation of screening tools.

卒中后认知障碍评估工具筛查准确性的Meta分析

背景卒中后认知障碍(PSCI)给患者及其家庭带来沉重的负担,早期识别及干预有助于延缓PSCI的发生及进展,因此,使用准确的神经心理评估工具对PSCI进行筛查,对于患者的管理和治疗至关重要。目的采用Meta分析的方法评价PSCI筛查工具的筛查准确性,为准确筛查PSCI提供依据。方法检索数据库中国知网、维普网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library中有关PSCI筛查工具的诊断性试验研究,检索日期为建库至2022年12月。2位研究者各自筛选文献、提取数据、评估偏倚风险。采用Stata 17.0软件分析数据。结果共纳入57篇文献,包含12113例患者,报告了7种PSCI筛查工具:美国国立神经疾病和卒中研究院-加拿大卒中网5-min测验(NINDS-CSN 5-min测验)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)、简易精神状况检查量表(MMSE)、老年认知功能减退知情者问卷(IQCODE)、阿登布鲁克认知能力检查-修订版(ACE-R)、认知功能电话问卷修订版(TICS-m)、5分钟蒙特利尔评估(MoCA-5 min)。Meta分析结果显示:MoCA筛查PSCI的合并灵敏度及特异度分别为0.84(95%CI=0.80~0.87)和0.74(95%CI=0.67~0.80),合并AUC为0.87(95%CI=0.84~0.90);MMSE筛查PSCI的合并灵敏度及特异度为0.73(95%CI=0.67~0.79)和0.76(95%CI=0.69~0.82),合并AUC为0.81(95%CI=0.77~0.84);IQCODE筛查PSCI的合并灵敏度及特异度为0.73(95%CI=0.48~0.89)和0.95(95%CI=0.75~0.99),合并AUC为0.91(95%CI=0.88~0.93);NINDS-CSN 5-min测验筛查PSCI的合并灵敏度及特异度为0.83(95%CI=0.78~0.87)、0.69(95%CI=0.60~0.76),合并AUC为0.85(95%CI=0.81~0.88);ACE-R筛查PSCI的合并灵敏度及特异度为0.90(95%CI=0.80~0.95)、0.61(95%CI=0.19~0.91),合并AUC为0.90(95%CI=0.87~0.92);TICS-m筛查PSCI的合并灵敏度及特异度为0.84(95%CI=0.75~0.91)、0.67(95%CI=0.61~0.74),合并AUC为0.66(95%CI=0.60~0.71)。结论IQCODE和ACE-R的合并AUC较高,且IQCODE具有较高的合并特异度,ACE-R具有较高的合并灵敏度,故IQCODE和ACE-R是较为准确的PSCI筛查工具。因IQCODE和ACE-R纳入文献数量有限,以上结论仍需多中心、大样本研究予以验证。

3种营养筛查工具在骨与软组织肿瘤患者营养不良风险评估中的临床价值

目的:调查骨与软组织肿瘤患者营养不良风险的发生情况,探索营养风险筛查2002(NRS2002)、通用筛查工具(MUST)、患者主观整体评估简表(PG-SGASF)等3种营养筛查工具在骨与软组织肿瘤患者营养不良风险评估中的临床价值。方法:对山西省肿瘤医院骨与软组织科2023年8月—2024年5月的所有入院成年患者进行问卷调查,调查内容包括:患者一般情况(年龄、性别、身高、体重);患者体重在近2周、1个月、2个月、3个月、6个月的变化情况;饮食改变情况以及影响饮食的原因等。整理完成NRS2002、MUST、PG-SGASF得分。结合患者临床资料疾病诊断、治疗情况进行统计分析。率的比较采用卡方检验,定量资料两组比较采用Mann-Whitney检验,多组比较采用Kruskal-WallisH检验,绘制韦恩图、ROC曲线。结果:合格问卷633份,男性327例、女性306例,平均年龄(54.41±14.35)岁。骨与软组织肿瘤患者营养不良风险在14%~22%之间,恶性肿瘤患者营养不良风险发生率更高。3种筛查结果绘制韦恩图显示,NRS2002与MUST一致性更高。以NRS2002为基础绘制ROC曲线(曲线下面积:MUST:0.9287,PG-SGASF:0.596)。结论:骨与软组织肿瘤患者营养不良风险发生率较其他类型肿瘤患者偏低,但恶性度越高营养不良风险越大。NRS2002有一定的漏诊情况,MUST简易且全面,PG-SGASF更适合用于评估。

营养不良通用筛查工具和预后营养指数对胰腺癌患者术后并发症及预后的预测价值

目的目的探讨营养不良通用筛查工具(MUST)和预后营养指数(PNI)对胰腺癌患者术后并发症及预后的预测价值。方法方法选取103例原发性胰腺癌患者,术前采用MUST、PNI评价患者的营养状况,比较不同营养状况胰腺癌患者的临床特征、实验室指标。胰腺癌患者术后营养不良的影响因素采用多因素Logistic回归分析;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评估MUST评分、PNI单独及联合检测对胰腺癌患者术后并发症的预测价值;采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,生存率的比较采用Log-rank检验。结果结果术前营养评估结果显示,103例患者中,MUST评分≥1分68例,﹤1分35例;PNI≥4570例,﹤4533例。不同MUST评分、PNI胰腺癌患者年龄、合并基础疾病情况、分化程度、术后并发症发生情况、住院时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);术前,不同MUST评分、PNI胰腺癌患者白蛋白、淋巴细胞水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄﹥55岁是胰腺癌患者术后MUST评分≥1分、PNI﹤45的独立危险因素(P﹤0.05),分化程度为中分化是胰腺癌患者术后PNI﹤45的独立保护因素(P﹤0.05)。ROC曲线显示,MUST评分、PNI单独及联合检测预测胰腺癌患者术后并发症的AUC均为0.785。MUST评分﹤1分的胰腺癌手术患者的1年生存率为88.24%,明显高于MUST评分≥1分患者的37.14%(P﹤0.01),PNI≥45的胰腺癌手术患者的1年生存率为87.14%,明显高于PNI﹤45患者的42.42%(P﹤0.01)。结论结论MUST评分、PNI可在一定程度上反映胰腺癌手术患者的并发症发生情况和生存情况,根据术前营养状况评估结果给予相应的干预措施可能对改善患者的营养状况及预后有重要意义。

营养风险筛查与评估工具在脑卒中病人中的应用研究进展

综述国内外营养风险筛查与评估工具的主要内容、特点及其在脑卒中病人中的应用情况与局限性。建议根据现有普适性工具特点,结合脑卒中病人专科疾病特点,开发适合脑卒中病人的营养风险筛查与评估工具,为脑卒中病人营养风险精细化管理提供参考依据。

老年人社会衰弱筛查工具的研究现状

综述国内外社会衰弱筛查工具的应用现状,为国内学者开展社会衰弱的筛查提供可借鉴的工具,继而为我国老年人针对性地进行科学、全面的综合护理,提高其生存质量,切实做好健康管理提供支持,以推动我国社会衰弱研究的发展。

简版儿科症状筛查工具的汉化及在4~7岁癌症患儿中的信效度检验

目的汉化简版儿科症状筛查工具,并在4~7岁癌症患儿中检验信效度。方法获得原作者授权后,采用Brislin翻译模型通过翻译、回译、跨文化调适和预调查形成中文版简版儿科症状筛查工具。2022年12月—2023年5月,采用便利抽样法,选取广州市2所三级甲等医院住院的210例4~7岁癌症患儿进行问卷调查,以检验中文版量表的信效度。结果中文版简版儿科症状筛查工具为单维度量表,包括15个常见症状条目和1个开放性问题,量表的条目水平内容效度指数及平均量表水平内容效度指数均为1.000。验证性因子分析显示模型拟合结果良好。总量表Cronbachα系数为0.843,折半系数为0.829。结论中文版简版儿科症状筛查工具在4~7岁癌症患儿中具有较好的信效度,可作为评估该年龄癌症患儿症状困扰程度的工具。