Aim Malonyl-CoA is regarded as a key signaling molecule in mammalian ceils. It is converted to acetyl-CoA, and to a lesser extent, to malonyl acid and malonylcamitine （C3DC）. Availability of carnitine has been repor...Aim Malonyl-CoA is regarded as a key signaling molecule in mammalian ceils. It is converted to acetyl-CoA, and to a lesser extent, to malonyl acid and malonylcamitine （C3DC）. Availability of carnitine has been reported to be essential for the developing fetus. The objectives of the present study were to analyze associations of malonylcarnitine, acetylcarnitine （C2）, and free carnitine （CO） in subjects with orofacial clefts. Methodology We performed a retrospective analysis of carnitine concentration obtained from a newborn screening program carried out in our institution. Concentrations of whole blood malonylcarnitine, acetylcarnitine, and free carnitine were measured using tandem mass spectrometry. The study group consisted of 51 children with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. In total, 106 healthy children without congenital anomalies served as controls. Cut-off points were established using likeli-hood ratio values. Results The mean concentration of malonylcarnitine in the cleft group was lower than that of the control group, 0.048 μmol.L^1 vs. 0.058 μmol.L^-1, respectively （P=-0.009）. In patients with orofacial cleft, low malonylcarnitine levels （〈0.047 μmol.L-1） were 1.7 times more predominant than in healthy individuals （P=-0.03）. The mean concentration of acetylcarnitine was also lower in affected newborns in comparison to controls, 33.8 μol.L^-1 vs. 37.8 μmol·L^-1, respectively （P=-0.026）. After analysis of acetylearnitine and free carnitine concentrations, the likelihood ratio test did not indicate valuable cut-offpoints. Conclusion The study provides initial data indicating a potential association between decreased malonylcarnitine and abnormal palatogenesis.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the effect of resveratrol, alone and in combination with fenofibrate, on fructose-induced metabolic genes abnormalities in rats.METHODS: Giving a fructose-enriched diet (FED) to rats for 12 wk was use...AIM: To evaluate the effect of resveratrol, alone and in combination with fenofibrate, on fructose-induced metabolic genes abnormalities in rats.METHODS: Giving a fructose-enriched diet (FED) to rats for 12 wk was used as a model for inducing hepatic dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Adult male albino rats (150-200 g) were divided into a control group and a FED group which was subdivided into 4 groups, a control FED, fenofibrate (FENO) (100 mg/kg), resveratrol (RES) (70 mg/kg) and combined treatment (FENO + RES) (half the doses). All treatments were given orally from the 9<sup>th</sup> week till the end of experimental period. Body weight, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), liver index, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA), serum and liver triglycerides (TGs), oxidative stress (liver MDA, GSH and SOD), serum AST, ALT, AST/ALT ratio and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured. Additionally, hepatic gene expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), malonyl CoA decarboxylase (MCD), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and adipose tissue genes expression of leptin and adiponectin were investigated. Liver sections were taken for histopathological examination and steatosis area were determined.RESULTS: Rats fed FED showed damaged liver, impairment of glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia. As for gene expression, there was a change in favor of dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development. All treatment regimens showed some benefit in reversing the described deviations. Fructose caused deterioration in hepatic gene expression of SOCS-3, SREBP-1c, FAS, MDA and TGF-β1 and in adipose tissue gene expression of leptin and adiponectin. Fructose showed also an increase in body weight, insulin resistance (OGTT, HOMA), serum and liver TGs, hepatic MDA, serum AST, AST/ALT ratio and TNF-α compared to control. All treatments improved SOCS-3, FAS, MCD, TGF-β1 and leptin genes expression while only RES and FENO + RES groups showed an improvement in SREBP-1c expression. Adiponectin gene expression was improved only by RES. A decrease in body weight, HOMA, liver TGs, AST/ALT ratio and TNF-α were observed in all treatment groups. Liver index was increased in FENO and FENO + RES groups. Serum TGs was improved only by FENO treatment. Liver MDA was improved by RES and FENO + RES treatments. FENO + RES group showed an increase in liver GSH content.CONCLUSION: When resveratrol was given with half the dose of fenofibrate it improved NASH-related fructose-induced disturbances in gene expression similar to a full dose of fenofibrate.展开更多
目的:观察中等强度持续运动(MICT)与高强度间歇运动(HIIT)对高脂膳食大鼠心肌和比目鱼肌超微结构的影响并探讨其机制。方法:5周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为普通膳食安静组(C)、高脂膳食安静组(F)、高脂膳食MICT组(M)和高脂膳食HIIT组(H),每组8...目的:观察中等强度持续运动(MICT)与高强度间歇运动(HIIT)对高脂膳食大鼠心肌和比目鱼肌超微结构的影响并探讨其机制。方法:5周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为普通膳食安静组(C)、高脂膳食安静组(F)、高脂膳食MICT组(M)和高脂膳食HIIT组(H),每组8只,高脂膳食饲料脂肪含量为45%。M和H组进行12周坡度为25°的跑台运动,M组进行70%VO_(2)max强度的持续运动,H组进行以5 min 40%~45%VO_(2)max和4 min 95%~99%VO_(2)max强度依次交替的间歇运动。干预结束后检测血清FFA、TG、HDL、LDL含量;透射电镜观察大鼠心肌和比目鱼肌超微结构;Western blot检测心肌和比目鱼肌AMPK、MCD及CPT-1的蛋白表达。结果:与C组比较,F组大鼠体重、Lee`s指数、血清LDL、TG和FFA含量均增加,HDL含量降低(P<0.05);心肌和比目鱼肌AMPK、CPT-1蛋白表达升高,MCD蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),超微结构损伤。与F组比较,M、H组大鼠体重、Lee`s指数降低、血清LDL、FFA含量降低(P<0.01);心肌AMPK、MCD、CPT-1蛋白表达增加,比目鱼肌AMPK、MCD蛋白表达增加(P<0.05),超微结构损伤减轻。与M组比较,H组大鼠血清HDL含量增加(P<0.01),心肌AMPK、MCD蛋白表达增加,超微结构损伤较轻;比目鱼肌AMPK蛋白表达降低,MCD蛋白表达增加(P<0.05),超微结构损伤较重。结论:MICT与HIIT可通过干预AMPK、MCD、CPT-1蛋白表达,对高脂膳食大鼠心肌和比目鱼肌超微结构产生不同影响。展开更多
文摘Aim Malonyl-CoA is regarded as a key signaling molecule in mammalian ceils. It is converted to acetyl-CoA, and to a lesser extent, to malonyl acid and malonylcamitine （C3DC）. Availability of carnitine has been reported to be essential for the developing fetus. The objectives of the present study were to analyze associations of malonylcarnitine, acetylcarnitine （C2）, and free carnitine （CO） in subjects with orofacial clefts. Methodology We performed a retrospective analysis of carnitine concentration obtained from a newborn screening program carried out in our institution. Concentrations of whole blood malonylcarnitine, acetylcarnitine, and free carnitine were measured using tandem mass spectrometry. The study group consisted of 51 children with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. In total, 106 healthy children without congenital anomalies served as controls. Cut-off points were established using likeli-hood ratio values. Results The mean concentration of malonylcarnitine in the cleft group was lower than that of the control group, 0.048 μmol.L^1 vs. 0.058 μmol.L^-1, respectively （P=-0.009）. In patients with orofacial cleft, low malonylcarnitine levels （〈0.047 μmol.L-1） were 1.7 times more predominant than in healthy individuals （P=-0.03）. The mean concentration of acetylcarnitine was also lower in affected newborns in comparison to controls, 33.8 μol.L^-1 vs. 37.8 μmol·L^-1, respectively （P=-0.026）. After analysis of acetylearnitine and free carnitine concentrations, the likelihood ratio test did not indicate valuable cut-offpoints. Conclusion The study provides initial data indicating a potential association between decreased malonylcarnitine and abnormal palatogenesis.
文摘AIM: To evaluate the effect of resveratrol, alone and in combination with fenofibrate, on fructose-induced metabolic genes abnormalities in rats.METHODS: Giving a fructose-enriched diet (FED) to rats for 12 wk was used as a model for inducing hepatic dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Adult male albino rats (150-200 g) were divided into a control group and a FED group which was subdivided into 4 groups, a control FED, fenofibrate (FENO) (100 mg/kg), resveratrol (RES) (70 mg/kg) and combined treatment (FENO + RES) (half the doses). All treatments were given orally from the 9<sup>th</sup> week till the end of experimental period. Body weight, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), liver index, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA), serum and liver triglycerides (TGs), oxidative stress (liver MDA, GSH and SOD), serum AST, ALT, AST/ALT ratio and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured. Additionally, hepatic gene expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), malonyl CoA decarboxylase (MCD), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and adipose tissue genes expression of leptin and adiponectin were investigated. Liver sections were taken for histopathological examination and steatosis area were determined.RESULTS: Rats fed FED showed damaged liver, impairment of glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia. As for gene expression, there was a change in favor of dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development. All treatment regimens showed some benefit in reversing the described deviations. Fructose caused deterioration in hepatic gene expression of SOCS-3, SREBP-1c, FAS, MDA and TGF-β1 and in adipose tissue gene expression of leptin and adiponectin. Fructose showed also an increase in body weight, insulin resistance (OGTT, HOMA), serum and liver TGs, hepatic MDA, serum AST, AST/ALT ratio and TNF-α compared to control. All treatments improved SOCS-3, FAS, MCD, TGF-β1 and leptin genes expression while only RES and FENO + RES groups showed an improvement in SREBP-1c expression. Adiponectin gene expression was improved only by RES. A decrease in body weight, HOMA, liver TGs, AST/ALT ratio and TNF-α were observed in all treatment groups. Liver index was increased in FENO and FENO + RES groups. Serum TGs was improved only by FENO treatment. Liver MDA was improved by RES and FENO + RES treatments. FENO + RES group showed an increase in liver GSH content.CONCLUSION: When resveratrol was given with half the dose of fenofibrate it improved NASH-related fructose-induced disturbances in gene expression similar to a full dose of fenofibrate.
文摘目的:观察中等强度持续运动(MICT)与高强度间歇运动(HIIT)对高脂膳食大鼠心肌和比目鱼肌超微结构的影响并探讨其机制。方法:5周龄雄性SD大鼠随机分为普通膳食安静组(C)、高脂膳食安静组(F)、高脂膳食MICT组(M)和高脂膳食HIIT组(H),每组8只,高脂膳食饲料脂肪含量为45%。M和H组进行12周坡度为25°的跑台运动,M组进行70%VO_(2)max强度的持续运动,H组进行以5 min 40%~45%VO_(2)max和4 min 95%~99%VO_(2)max强度依次交替的间歇运动。干预结束后检测血清FFA、TG、HDL、LDL含量;透射电镜观察大鼠心肌和比目鱼肌超微结构;Western blot检测心肌和比目鱼肌AMPK、MCD及CPT-1的蛋白表达。结果:与C组比较,F组大鼠体重、Lee`s指数、血清LDL、TG和FFA含量均增加,HDL含量降低(P<0.05);心肌和比目鱼肌AMPK、CPT-1蛋白表达升高,MCD蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),超微结构损伤。与F组比较,M、H组大鼠体重、Lee`s指数降低、血清LDL、FFA含量降低(P<0.01);心肌AMPK、MCD、CPT-1蛋白表达增加,比目鱼肌AMPK、MCD蛋白表达增加(P<0.05),超微结构损伤减轻。与M组比较,H组大鼠血清HDL含量增加(P<0.01),心肌AMPK、MCD蛋白表达增加,超微结构损伤较轻;比目鱼肌AMPK蛋白表达降低,MCD蛋白表达增加(P<0.05),超微结构损伤较重。结论:MICT与HIIT可通过干预AMPK、MCD、CPT-1蛋白表达,对高脂膳食大鼠心肌和比目鱼肌超微结构产生不同影响。
