Management Implications of Aquifer Fractures on Ecosystem and Habitat Suitability for Panthers in Southern Florida

Our case study analyzed the proximity of previously mapped fractures in the aquifer matrix to 93 Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) dens mapped from 2007-2016 in south Florida. Dens occurred in five counties (Collier = 77, Dade = 1, Hendry = 9, Lee = 5, and Monroe = 1) and three sub-basins of the Greater Everglades Basin (Big Cypress Swamp = 83, Caloosahatchee = 3, and Everglades = 7). Fractured aquifers occur worldwide, but are not the focus of habitat suitability studies, despite evidence that fractures influence plant species composition and density. Habitat alterations can occur many kilometers from the surface footprint of groundwater alterations in the regional Floridan aquifer system via preferential flow through fractures. Increased natural discharge from and recharge to the aquifer occur at fracture intersections. Greater induced recharge and habitat changes also may occur at fracture intersections. All dens were within 5 km of a previously mapped fracture;36% and 74% were within 1 km and 2 km, respectively, of those fractures;and 47%, 74%, and 90% of dens were within 2 km, 3.25 km and 5 km, respectively, from the nearest fracture intersection. Results suggest fractures influence the suitability and/or availability of habitat for panther dens, selection of den sites, and availability as well as abundance of high quality prey items essential for the nutritional demands of successfully rearing panther kittens in the wild. We recommend more detailed investigations of: a) vegetation characteristics near dens, b) groundwater alterations and cumulative impacts of those alterations associated with fractures in panther habitat (e.g., altered plant species composition and density), and c) influence of aquifer fractures in all habitats underlain by fractures.

Use of GIS and Remote Sensing Technology as a Decision Support Tool in Flood Disaster Management: The Case of Southeast Louisiana, USA

The primary objective of this paper was to identify flood-prone areas in Southeast of Louisiana to help decision-makers to develop appropriate adaptation strategies and flood prediction, and mitigation of the effects on the community. In doing so, the paper uses satellite remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) data for this purpose. Elevation data was obtained from the National Elevation Dataset (NED) produced by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) seamless data warehouse. Satellite data was also acquired from USGS Earth explorer website. Topographical information on runoff characteristics such as slope, aspect and the digital elevation model was generated. Grid interpolation TIN (triangulated irregular network) was carried from the digital elevation model (DEM) to create slope map. Image Drape was performed using ERDAS IMAGINE Virtual GIS. The output image was then draped over the NED elevation data for visualization purposes with vertical exaggeration of 16 feet. Results of the study revealed that majority of the study area lies in low-lying and very low-lying terrain below sea level. Policy recommendation in the form of the need to design and build a comprehensive Regional Information Systems (RIS) in the form of periodic inventorying, monitoring and evaluation with full support of the governments was made for the study area.

遥感在自然资源确权登记中的应用研究

在自然资源确权登记过程中,自然资源调查是其中最基础的一项工作。传统的人工外业调查虽然精度高但是效率低、成本高、难以及时快速进行数据更新,满足不了我国大范围自然资源调查以及动态监测的需求。遥感技术以其独特的优势在自然资源确权登记工作中正被广泛应用。本文通过研究遥感技术在自然资源统一确权登记过程中的具体应用,深入探讨涉及的遥感关键技术和难点,并针对不足之处提出改进建议,保障遥感技术在自然资源确权登记领域更好地发挥作用。

形式服务转向背景下面向信息资源管理的图书馆学学科创新

“图书情报与档案管理”一级学科名称调整为“信息资源管理”,在此背景下图书馆学的学术研究和人才培养要主动面向信息时代带给图书馆传统服务内容空壳化的挑战与机遇。数字化信息化正在“掏空”图书馆传统内容服务,图书馆面临生存危机,为此,形式化突围成为图书馆学新的研究对象和命题。图书馆形式化服务需要建立在图书馆的仪式感之上,重塑仪式感是图书馆安身立命的重要实践,也是学科创新的机遇。

无人机遥感技术在巡河场景中的应用研究

该文首先详细介绍无人机遥感技术在巡河场景应用的意义和重要性。在无人机技术方面,该文介绍其原理和基本应用,包括遥感数据的获取、处理和应用。在无人机技术方面,该文详细讲述其优势和应用,如无人机的机动性、高效性和低成本性等。研究结果表明,无人机遥感技术的深入研究和应用,可以更好地保护和管理河湖资源,为人类的生存和发展提供更好的保障,应该继续加强该领域的相关研究和实践。该研究对该领域的相关研究和实践具有重要的参考价值。

基于GIS的林业调查技术研究

随着地理信息系统(GIS)技术的不断发展和应用,基于GIS的林业调查技术在林业资源管理、生态环境保护、林火监测和森林病虫害监测等方面得到了广泛应用。该文通过概述GIS的基本概念和定义,介绍了GIS在林业调查中的应用重要性和现状,并总结了林业调查中常用的GIS技术,比如,遥感、GPS和DEM技术。同时,通过实际案例阐述了GIS在林业调查中的应用技术,并探讨了GIS在林业调查中的优势和挑战。最后,提出了加强技术研究和应用推广的建议,以促进GIS在林业调查中的进一步应用和发展,实现更科学、可持续的林业资源管理和保护。

基层应急管理信息化体系构建研究

随着我国经济社会的发展,如何构建高效的基层应急管理信息化体系显得尤为重要。该文探讨了该体系的构建,分析了政府应急管理能力的内涵,总结了当前建设成效与问题,并提出了建立融合指挥体系、强化通信、提升预警等对策建议。

Determining the spatial distribution of soil properties using the environmental covariates and multivariate statistical analysis: a case study in semi-arid regions of Iran

Natural soil-forming factors such as landforms, parent materials or biota lead to high variability in soil properties. However, there is not enough research quantifying which environmental factor(s) can be the most relevant to predicting soil properties at the catchment scale in semi-arid areas. Thus, this research aims to investigate the ability of multivariate statistical analyses to distinguish which soil properties follow a clear spatial pattern conditioned by specific environmental characteristics in a semi-arid region of Iran. To achieve this goal, we digitized parent materials and landforms by recent orthophotography. Also, we extracted ten topographical attributes and five remote sensing variables from a digital elevation model(DEM) and the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper(ETM), respectively. These factors were contrasted for 334 soil samples(depth of 0–30 cm). Cluster analysis and soil maps reveal that Cluster 1 comprises of limestones, massive limestones and mixed deposits of conglomerates with low soil organic carbon(SOC) and clay contents, and Cluster 2 is composed of soils that originated from quaternary and early quaternary parent materials such as terraces, alluvial fans, lake deposits, and marls or conglomerates that register the highest SOC content and the lowest sand and silt contents. Further, it is confirmed that soils with the highest SOC and clay contents are located in wetlands, lagoons, alluvial fans and piedmonts, while soils with the lowest SOC and clay contents are located in dissected alluvial fans, eroded hills, rock outcrops and steep hills. The results of principal component analysis using the remote sensing data and topographical attributes identify five main components, which explain 73.3% of the total variability of soil properties. Environmental factors such as hillslope morphology and all of the remote sensing variables can largely explain SOC variability, but no significant correlation is found for soil texture and calcium carbonate equivalent contents. Therefore, we conclude that SOC can be considered as the best-predicted soil property in semi-arid regions.

An evaluation of the role played by remote sensing technology following the World Trade Center attack

Remote sensing technology has been widely recognized for contributing to emergency response efforts after the World Trade Center attack on September 11th, 2001. The need to coordinate activities in the midst of a dense, yet relatively small area, made the combination of imagery and mapped data strategically useful. This paper reviews the role played by aerial photography, satellite imagery, and LIDAR data at Ground Zero. It examines how emergency managers utilized these datasets, and identifies significant problems that were encountered. It goes on to explore additional ways in which imagery could have been used, while presenting recommendations for more effective use in future disasters and Homeland Security applications. To plan adequately for future events, it was important to capture knowledge from individuals who responded to the World Trade Center attack. In recognition, interviews with key emergency management and geographic information system (GIS) personnel provide the basis of this paper. Successful techniques should not be forgotten, or serious problems dismissed. Although widely used after September 11th, it is important to recognize that with better planning, remote sensing and GIS could have played an even greater role. Together with a data acquisition timeline, an expanded discussion of these issues is available in the MCEER/NSF report “Emergency Response in the Wake of the World Trade Center Attack; The Remote Sensing Perspective” (Huyck and Adams, 2002) Keywords World Trade Center (WTC) - terrorism - emergency response - emergency management - ground zero - remote sensing - emergency operations - disasters - geographic information systems (GIS) - satellite imagery - synthetic aperture radar (SAR) - light detection and ranging imagery (LIDAR)

Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Site Selection in Jacobabad Using RS/GIS Techniques

Solid waste management is a worldwide concern, particularly in the developing countries. The solid waste disposal and landfill site management is a serious issue. City planners and municipal corporations have to confront with the problem of Municipal Solid Waste Management all over the world, especially in the developing countries. Population growth is responsible for an increase in residential, commercial and infrastructure development, which poses adverse effects on the environment. One of the most serious and challenging environmental challenge being faced by the municipal corporations of developing countries is urban solid waste management. Dumping of municipal waste in unsuitable areas poses serious challenges to the local habitants of the neighborhood. Municipal solid waste, if not properly managed, is one of the major environmental issues that could further lead to different diseases’ transmission, aesthetic and odor nuisance, and atmospheric and water pollution, etc. This paper aims to deal with the selection of suitable site for disposing off municipal solid waste management being produced at the Jacobabad City using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing techniques. In the Jacobabad City, the existing open dumping systems are not environmentally sound posing serious environmental threats. Loads of generated waste (about 64 tons/day as per 2012 estimates) has been dumped into the inappropriate sites. Keeping in view the complicated process of landfill site, this study considers all the environmental, social and technical factors (distances from residences, proximity to road networks, schools, health facilities and reservoirs) to determine the best site for Municipal Solid Waste disposal in Jacobabad City. Different analysis like buffer analysis, Euclidean distance and overlay analysis were also performed in this study to come up with the most suitable landfill site.

基于多体征感知设备的网络化管理在北京冬奥会和冬残奥会疫情防控中的价值研究

目的:研究多体征感知设备的网络化管理在北京冬奥会和冬残奥会期间疫情防控中的应用价值。方法:采用Java语言开发,使用MySQL数据库,设置多体征感知设备系统、数据上传系统和闭环管理系统,设计基于人工智能(AI)化的防控体系,对北京冬奥会和冬残奥会期间闭环外运行保障工作人员进行体征管理。选取北京冬奥会和冬残奥会期间25个北京赛区和10个张家口赛区共35个奥运场馆和(或)部门累计配发的34 172台多体征感知设备,对保障工作人员的核心体征数据进行持续监测。结果:冬奥会和冬残奥会期间的34 172台多体征感知设备共识别35个场馆和(或)部门的保障工作人员体征异常278人次,其中由感冒引发预警237人次(占85.3%),由呼吸道感染引发预警17人次(占6.1%),由口腔疾病引发预警7人次(占2.5%),由肠炎引发预警5人次(占1.8%),无新冠肺炎预警。结论:基于多体征感知设备的网络化管理可助力提升疫情防控干预能力和应急响应能力,为疫情防控提供新的科技手段。

GIS-and RS-based spatial decision support:structure of a spatial environmental information system(SEIS)

The development of spatial decision support for environmental resource management,e.g.forest and agroecosystem management,biodiversity conservation,or hydrological planning,started in the 1980s and was the focus of many research groups in the 1990s.The combined availability of spatial data and communication,computing,positioning,geographic information system(GIS)-and remote sensing(RS)-technologies has been responsible for the implementation of complex SDSS since the late 1990s.The regional GIS-based modelling of environmental resources,and therefore ecosystems in general,requires setting-up an extensive geo and model database.Spatial data on topography,soil,climate,land use,hydrology,flora,fauna and anthropogenic activities have to be available.Therefore,GIS-and RS-technologies are of central importance for spatial data handling and analysis.In this context,the structure of spatial environmental information systems(SEIS)is introduced.In SEIS,the input data for environmental resource management are organised in at least seven subinformation systems:base geodata information system(BGDIS),climate information system(CIS),soil information system(SIS),land use information system(LUIS),hydrological information system(HIS),spatial/temporal biodiversity information system(STBIS),forest/agricultural management information system(FAMIS).The major tasks of a SEIS are to(i)provide environmental resource information on a regional level,(ii)analyse the impact of anthropogenic activities and(iii)simulate scenarios of different impacts.

浅析遥感地质图书资料信息化

在中国地质调查局系统,遥感地质图书资料因为管理人员少、资料不完善等原因,使得管理很不规范,利用率非常低。加之项目完成后研究人员不愿意及时将资料交给图书资料室;采购也是谁需要谁购买,资源浪费严重;分类编目标准不统一,也没有统一管理规范,给局系统遥感地质图书资料信息化、数据库的存储、网上传阅、馆际互借带来很大难度。鉴于这种情况,文章针对遥感地质图书资料的信息化、遥感地质图书资料数据库管理和遥感地质图书资料利用方面给出了一些自己的看法,便于专业技术人员查找和借阅,同时供领导和图书资料管理人员参考。

面向知识服务与知识管理的现代图书馆及其信息系统

文章针对知识服务与知识管理给图书馆带来的革命性变化 ,从信息知识本身的管理 ,信息知识对其他生产要素与生产活动过程的渗透、协调与激活及其管理 ,信息知识对信息知识的渗透、协调与激活 (即知识创新 )及其管理等三个层面来讨论知识管理模式与知识管理系统以及现代图书馆的知识管理。论述了面向知识服务与知识管理的现代图书馆信息系统 ,重点分析现代图书馆的广义管理信息系统的体系结构和信息知识服务系统的发展进步与主要类型 ,提出了对外交流的电子馆务信息系统的基本概念并简述了它与电子商务系统、电子政务系统的关系 ,强调要重视现代图书馆信息系统的总体规划 ,把握好其广义管理信息系统、信息知识服务系统、电子馆务信息系统。

农作物遥感监测业务管理系统设计与实现

随着农作物遥感业务的不断延伸和农业生产管理对遥感监测需求的不断提高,业务运行管理效率问题日益凸显。该文通过对农作物遥感监测业务管理流程进行了系统化梳理与调整,设计开发了"农作物遥感业务管理系统"。该系统利用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)、数据库技术和网络技术,科学设计了数据库系统,提升了业务系统承载能力;实现农作物遥感业务工作影像数据入库管理、查询、任务分发、上报、审核、归档的完整业务流程;建立业务跟踪管理机制,实现作物监测业务的流程化和可视化,有效提高了运行管理效率。

中国森林经理学研究进展与展望

森林经理学是林学的重要组成部分,是研究如何有效组织森林经营活动的应用基础理论、方法、技术和工艺的一门科学,在林业建设中发挥着重要作用。森林经理学20世纪初从日本引入中国,逐渐形成了一个学科群,包括森林经理学、测树学、遥感和3S技术、信息管理和系统科学在森林经理中的应用等。本文从森林经营理论与技术模式、森林资源调查监测与管理、林业统计与森林生长收获模型、森林经营计划与优化决策、林业遥感技术与应用、林业信息技术应用6方面对中国森林经理学60多年来的研究进展进行综述。在森林经营理论与技术模式方面,提出人工林多功能经营和结构化森林经营技术体系,森林经营理论与技术处于森林可持续经营指导下的近自然经营、多功能经营等实践探索和理论验证阶段。在建立和完善中国森林资源连续清查体系过程中,森林经理学科的研究提供重要技术支撑。随着现代统计学方法的应用逐步深入,提出一套完整的建立相容性立木地上生物量模型方法。建立气候敏感的林分生长模型,将碳储量作为经营目标成为森林多目标经营规划研究的一项重要内容,以满足气候变化背景下的生长收获预测和适应性经营需要。遥感技术发展迅速,在森林参数定量反演方面,主要进展集中在激光雷达以及多模式遥感数据的综合反演技术等;无人机在森林调查中也开始得到应用;研制高分林业遥感服务平台和应用系统,促进自主高分遥感数据的应用。研发大量森林资源管理应用系统,实现包含遥感影像、地理信息、小班区划和林地属性信息的全国林地“一张图”管理。尽管中国森林经理学在上述方面均已取得显著进展,但存在尚未形成中国特色的森林经营理论与技术体系、森林经营基础研究薄弱、森林资源监测体系时效性差、缺乏森林经营的计划工具等问题,总体上处于“跟跑”地位。森林的多功能及其实现是森林经理学研究的严峻挑战,也是森林经理学发展的难得机遇,需要发挥多学科综合交叉研究与产学研相结合的优势,开展森林经营的理论研究、应用基础研究以及技术和工艺研究,以适应现代林业发展需求。

河南省农科院农业信息化技术研究进展与发展方向

概述了近10年来河南省农科院围绕农业信息化的关键技术及应用,在作物模型与栽培模拟优化决策系统、农业管理信息系统开发、农业遥感监测应用、农田信息化和农业信息化理论等方面所取得的研究成果,提出了近中期的重点研究方向:开展适合河南省小规模经营特点的精准农业相关理论及关键技术研究。

中国海岸带围垦遥感分析

海岸带围垦是沿海区域缓解人口增长与城镇扩张所带来土地压力的重要途径和方式。建国以来,中国大陆沿海围垦大量滨海湿地以满足社会经济发展所导致的土地需求,对滨海湿地的资源、生态和环境造成影响和胁迫。为掌握近35年来中国大陆沿海地区的围填海状况,以5a为间隔,选取1985—2010年间Landsat系列卫星影像数据,基于遥感与GIS技术,解译6个年份的围垦岸线,计算分析围垦面积,研究并提出围垦强度系数。结果表明,1985—2010年,中国大陆沿海共围垦土地755183 hm^2,年均围垦30207 hm^2,围垦强度达到1.7 hm^2a^(-1)km^(-1),围垦总量趋势表现先减少后增加。环渤海经济圈与长三角经济圈围垦强度最大,其围垦总量占到全国总体的85.7%。围垦的时空分布及其利用形式受沿海区域自然地理条件和地区经济发展水平的制约和影响。

试论信息概念的分类定义

文章通过分析提出信息应该定义为人们认识的表达 ,并根据信息术语已经广泛应用的实际情况 ,提出将信息定义为形式化信息 (I0 )、狭义信息 (I1 )和广义信息 (I2 )是一种实用的方法。其中广义信息可以概括目前对信息的一般认识。

应用高分辨率遥感影像与GIS技术建立林场级森林资源管理信息系统

森林资源信息管理是林业信息管理的核心,是林业建设各项决策的重要依据。该研究应用高分辨率的遥感影像数据SPOT5影像,通过对SPOT5 2.5 n分辨率的全色影像和10 m分辨率的多光谱影像进行了包括波段提取与合成、不规则裁切、几何校正、融合、拼接及调色等的预处理过程,把经过预处理后的影像与地形图叠加作为区划林班和小班的空间数据源,绘制最新的林相图。森林资源管理信息系统的开发选择了目前较为流行的集成式2次开发方式,即选用SuperMap Objects为2次开发语言,以Visual Basic 6.0为前台开发工具,Access2003为后台数据库管理软件进行系统的开发。该系统实现的主要功能包括用户管理、数据查询、管理、输出和森林资源属性自动更新。