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Development characteristics and controlling factors of fractures in lacustrine shale and their geological significance for evaluating shale oil sweet spots in the third member of the Shahejie Formation in the Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin
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作者 Xu Zeng Tao Yang +5 位作者 Jian-Wei Feng Cong-Sheng Bian Ming Guan Wei Liu Bing-Cheng Guo Jin Dong 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期791-805,共15页
Natural fractures are critical for shale oil and gas enrichment and development. Due to the extremely high heterogeneity of shale, the factors controlling the formation of internal fractures, especially horizontal fra... Natural fractures are critical for shale oil and gas enrichment and development. Due to the extremely high heterogeneity of shale, the factors controlling the formation of internal fractures, especially horizontal fractures, remain controversial. In this study, we integrate thin section analysis and microcomputed tomography(CT) data from several lacustrine shale samples from the third member(Es3) of the Shahejie Formation, Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, to assess the fractures in detail. The goal is to reveal the development characteristics, controlling factors, and geological significance for evaluating sweet spots in a shale oil play. The fractures in the Es3contain high-angle structural and horizontal bed-parallel fractures that are mostly shear and extensional. Various factors influence fracture development,including lithofacies, mineral composition, organic matter content, and the number of laminae. Structural fractures occur predominantly in siltstone, whereas bed-parallel fractures are abundant in laminated shale and layered mudstone. A higher quartz content results in higher shale brittleness, causing fractures, whereas the transformation between clay minerals contributes to the development of bedparallel fractures. Excess pore pressure due to hydrocarbon generation and expulsion during thermal advance can cause the formation of bed-parallel fractures. The density of the bed-parallel and structural fractures increases with the lamina density, and the bed-parallel fractures are more sensitive to the number of laminae. The fractures are critical storage spaces and flow conduits and are indicative of sweet spots. The laminated shale in the Es3with a high organic matter content contains natural fractures and is an organic-rich, liquid-rich, self-sourced shale play. Conversely, the siltstone, massive mudstone, and argillaceous carbonate lithofacies contain lower amounts of organic matter and do not have bed-parallel fractures. However, good reservoirs can form in these areas when structural fractures are present and the source, and storage spaces are separated. 展开更多
关键词 FRACTURES Development characteristics Controlling factors Shale oil Sweet spot
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Recent advances in essential oils and their nanoformulations for poultry feed
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作者 Fatemeh Movahedi Nilesh Nirmal +3 位作者 Pengyuan Wang Hongping Jin Lisbeth Grondahl Li Li 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第5期1802-1819,共18页
Antibiotics in poultry feed to boost growth performance are becoming increasingly contentious due to concerns over antimicrobial resistance development.Essential oils(EOs),as natural,plant-derived compounds,have demon... Antibiotics in poultry feed to boost growth performance are becoming increasingly contentious due to concerns over antimicrobial resistance development.Essential oils(EOs),as natural,plant-derived compounds,have demonstrated antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.EOs may potentially improve poultry health and growth performance when included in poultry feed.Nevertheless,the incorporation of EOs as nutritional additives is hindered by their high volatility,low water solubility,poor intestinal absorption,and sensitivity to environmental conditions.Recently,nanoencapsulation strategies using nanoformulations have emerged as a potential solution to these challenges,improving the stability and bioavailability of EOs,and enabling targeted delivery in poultry feed.This review provides an overview of the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of EOs,the current limitations of their applications in poultry feed,and the recent advancements in nano-engineering to overcome these limitations.Furthermore,we outline the potential future research direction on EO nanoformulations,emphasizing their promising role in advancing sustainable poultry nutrition. 展开更多
关键词 Antibacterial activities ANTIOXIDANTS Essential oils Nanoformulations Poultry additives
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Development review and the prospect of oil shale in-situ catalysis conversion technology
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作者 Li Wang Chen-Hao Gao +2 位作者 Rui-Ying Xiong Xiao-Jun Zhang Ji-Xiang Guo 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期1385-1395,共11页
As an unconventional resource, oil shale possesses abundant reserves and significant potential for industrial applications. The rational and efficient development of oil shale resources holds immense importance in red... As an unconventional resource, oil shale possesses abundant reserves and significant potential for industrial applications. The rational and efficient development of oil shale resources holds immense importance in reducing national energy demand. In-situ catalytic technology, characterized by its high efficiency, low pollution, and minimal energy consumption, represents a key direction for future oil shale development. This paper provides a comprehensive review of research progress in in-situ oil shale mining technology, oil shale pyrolysis catalysts, the pyrolysis mechanism of kerogen, and the compatibility of different heating processes and catalysts. Furthermore, the paper proposes future research directions and prospects for oil shale in-situ catalytic technology, including reservoir modification, highefficiency catalyst synthesis, injection processes, and high-efficiency heating technology. These insights serve as valuable technical references for the advancement of oil shale in-situ catalytic technology. 展开更多
关键词 oil shale In-situ catalytic technology Pyrolysis catalyst Kerogen pyrolysis mechanism
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Role of outdoor trees on pedestrian wind and thermal conditions around a pre-education building for sustainable energy management
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作者 LI Xiao-jie TANG Hui-li 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第6期2039-2053,共15页
Finding sustainable energy resources is essential to face the increasing energy demand.Trees are an important part of ancient architecture but are becoming rare in urban areas.Trees can control and tune the pedestrian... Finding sustainable energy resources is essential to face the increasing energy demand.Trees are an important part of ancient architecture but are becoming rare in urban areas.Trees can control and tune the pedestrian-level wind velocity and thermal condition.In this study,a numerical investigation is employed to assess the role of trees planted in the windward direction of the building complex on the thermal and pedestrian wind velocity conditions around/inside a pre-education building located in the center of the complex.Compared to the previous studies(which considered only outside buildings),this work considers the effects of trees on microclimate change both inside/outside buildings.Effects of different parameters including the leaf area density and number of trees,number of rows,far-field velocity magnitude,and thermal condition around the main building are assessed.The results show that the flow velocity in the spacing between the first-row buildings is reduced by 30%-40% when the one-row trees with 2 m height are planted 15 m farther than the buildings.Furthermore,two rows of trees are more effective in higher velocities and reduce the maximum velocity by about 50%.The investigation shows that trees also could reduce the temperature by about 1℃around the building. 展开更多
关键词 sustainable management energy trees urban area thermal condition building
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Ethics of Human Resources Management in the Cameroonian Health System, Medical Nomadism and the Ineffectiveness of the Fight against High Blood Pressure
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作者 Jean Ndibi Abanda Anicet Onana Akoa +2 位作者 Désiré Tchoffo Ulrich Dama Pierre Yassa Yoniene 《Health》 2024年第1期9-21,共13页
Context/objectives: The fight against Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is a long-term undertaking, which requires available, motivated and well-managed human resources (HR). The administrative management of sk... Context/objectives: The fight against Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is a long-term undertaking, which requires available, motivated and well-managed human resources (HR). The administrative management of skills on both qualitative and quantitative levels is one of the essential functions of a health system. To better implement policies of fight against High Blood Pressure (HBP) and other chronic diseases, it is important to establish strategies to retain health personnel. This loyalty requires favorable working conditions and consideration of the contribution-reward couple. Good working conditions are likely to reduce the phenomenon of medical nomadism;conversely, poor HR management can contribute to their exodus towards exotic “green pastures”, thus leading to an additional crisis in the Cameroonian health system. The fight against HBP is a complex, multifaceted and multifactorial reality that requires appropriate management model for all types of resources mainly HR. The main objective of this research is to show the impact of poor management of human resources in Cameroon health system on medical nomadism and the ineffectiveness of the fight against High Blood Pressure. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey among five hundred (500) health facilities in the center region of Cameroon has been conducted. A stratified probabilistic technique has been used, and the number of health facilities to be surveyed has been determined using the “sample size estimation table” of Depelteau. The physical questionnaires have been printed and then distributed to data collectors. After data collection, the latter were grouped during processing in Excel sheets. The Chi-square test was used for data with a qualitative value and that of Kolmogorov-Sminorf for data with a quantitative value to assess the normality and reliability of data. The Crochach’s Alpha reliability test allowed us to have a summary of the means and variances and then to search for intragroup correlations between variables. Descriptive analysis was possible with the XLSTAT 2016 software. Results: 43.60% of Health Facilities (HF) managers were unqualified. 82.20% of HF managers have staff in a situation of professional insecurity. They are mainly contractual (49.00), decision-making agents (24.40%), casual agents (08.80). The proportion of unstable personnel is average of 22.00% and very unstable, 12.00%. 展开更多
关键词 ETHICS Human Resources management Cameroonian Health System Medical Nomadism Ineffectiveness High Blood Pressure
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Formation,evolution,reconstruction of black shales and their influence on shale oil and gas resource
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作者 Shi-zhen Li Qiu-chen Xu +11 位作者 Mu Liu Guo-heng Liu Yi-fan Li Wen-yang Wang Xiao-guang Yang Wei-bin Liu Yan-fei An Peng Sun Tao Liu Jiang-hui Ding Qian-chao Li Chao-gang Fang 《China Geology》 CAS CSCD 2024年第3期551-585,共35页
Black shales are important products of material cycling and energy exchange among the lithosphere,atmosphere,hydrosphere,and biosphere.They are widely distributed throughout geological history and provide essential en... Black shales are important products of material cycling and energy exchange among the lithosphere,atmosphere,hydrosphere,and biosphere.They are widely distributed throughout geological history and provide essential energy and mineral resources for the development of human society.They also record the evolution process of the earth and improve the understanding of the earth.This review focuses on the diagenesis and formation mechanisms of black shales sedimentation,composition,evolution,and reconstruction,which have had a significant impact on the formation and enrichment of shale oil and gas.In terms of sedimentary environment,black shales can be classified into three types:Marine,terrestrial,and marine-terrestrial transitional facies.The formation processes include mechanisms such as eolian input,hypopycnal flow,gravity-driven and offshore bottom currents.From a geological perspective,the formation of black shales is often closely related to global or regional major geological events.The enrichment of organic matter is generally the result of the interaction and coupling of several factors such as primary productivity,water redox condition,and sedimentation rate.In terms of evolution,black shales have undergone diagenetic evolution of inorganic minerals,thermal evolution of organic matter and hydrocarbon generation,interactions between organic matter and inorganic minerals,and pore evolution.In terms of reconstruction,the effects of fold deformation,uplift and erosion,and fracturing have changed the stress state of black shale reservoirs,thereby having a significant impact on the pore structure.Fluid activity promotes the formation of veins,and have changed the material composition,stress structure,and reservoir properties of black shales.Regarding resource effects,the deposition of black shales is fundamental for shale oil and gas resources,the evolution of black shales promotes the shale oil and gas formation and storage,and the reconstruction of black shales would have caused the heterogeneous distribution of oil and gas in shales.Exploring the formation mechanisms and interactions of black shales at different scales is a key to in-depth research on shale formation and evolution,as well as the key to revealing the mechanism controlling shale oil and gas accumulation.The present records can reveal how these processes worked in geological history,and improve our understanding of the coupling mechanisms among regional geological events,black shales evolution,and shale oil and gas formation and enrichment. 展开更多
关键词 Black shales Shale oil and gas Resource effects Sedimentary environment Sedimentary process Organic matter accumulation Diagenetic evolution thermal evolution Organic matter and inorganic minerals Tectonic reconstruction oil and gas exploration engineering VEINS Fluid activity
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The Development Trend of Enterprise Business Administration and the Innovation of Management Mode
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作者 Junjie An 《Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies》 2024年第3期70-74,共5页
In the context of the new period,the continuous growth of social and economic levels and the rapid update of information technology have significantly impacted the business management of Chinese enterprises,presenting... In the context of the new period,the continuous growth of social and economic levels and the rapid update of information technology have significantly impacted the business management of Chinese enterprises,presenting substantial challenges.The intensification of market competition exerts development pressure on many enterprises,and coupled with the unstable strength of some businesses,numerous problems in business management arise.These issues hinder the smooth execution of various business activities.Therefore,it is crucial to ensure effective business administration to conduct different business activities in an orderly manner,promptly avoid adverse risks,and strengthen control over multiple factors.The innovation and improvement of business administration are of great significance for enhancing the management level and market competitiveness of modern enterprises,accelerating their healthy development,and creating numerous opportunities.Consequently,this paper analyzes and explores the development trends of enterprise business administration and the innovation of management models for reference. 展开更多
关键词 Enterprise business administration Development trend management mode INNOVATION
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The Effect of Case Management Model on the Application of Pancreatic Cancer Surgery Patients and the Recovery of Gastrointestinal Function
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作者 Zhe Yan Caihong Li 《Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research》 2024年第7期241-247,共7页
Objective:To evaluate the effect of the case management model on patients operated for pancreatic cancer.Methods:90 pancreatic cancer surgery patients admitted to the hospital between January 2022 and June 2023 were s... Objective:To evaluate the effect of the case management model on patients operated for pancreatic cancer.Methods:90 pancreatic cancer surgery patients admitted to the hospital between January 2022 and June 2023 were selected and grouped by randomized numerical table.For 45 cases in the observation group,case management mode was adopted,and for 45 cases in the intervention group,conventional nursing care was chosen to compare the indexes of gastrointestinal function recovery.Results:The recovery time of all gastrointestinal functions of the observation group was shorter than that of the intervention group;after nursing,the psychological state score of the observation group was lower than that of the intervention group,the self-efficacy score was higher than that of the intervention group and the rate of complications was lower than that of the intervention group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The case management model can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients with pancreatic cancer surgery and its nursing feasibility is high. 展开更多
关键词 Case management Pancreatic cancer surgery Gastrointestinal function recovery
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Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Essential Oil from Dry Rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort and Their Characterization by GC/MS 被引量:14
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作者 洪战英 汪学昭 +3 位作者 乐健 张东春 柴逸峰 柳正良 《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》 CAS 2002年第2期31-34,共4页
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of essential oil from dry rhizome ofLigusticum chuanxiong Hort was developed. GC/MS was used for the determination of the composition ofessential oil. Forty-four compounds were ide... Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of essential oil from dry rhizome ofLigusticum chuanxiong Hort was developed. GC/MS was used for the determination of the composition ofessential oil. Forty-four compounds were identified. The conventional extraction method wasconducted in parallel for comparison. The extracts were qualitatively compared by GC/MS. The yieldsof SFE and steam distillation-extraction were 4.16 % ( v/w) and 0.8 % ( v/w), respectively.Application of SFE of zessential oil from dry rhizome of Ligustiaan chuanxiong Hort was preferable. 展开更多
关键词 supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) essential oil GC/MS
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Heat transfer enhanced inorganic phase change material compositing carbon nanotubes for battery thermal management and thermal runaway propagation mitigation 被引量:1
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作者 Xinyi Dai Ping Ping +4 位作者 Depeng Kong Xinzeng Gao Yue Zhang Gongquan Wang Rongqi Peng 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期226-238,I0006,共14页
Developing technologies that can be applied simultaneously in battery thermal management(BTM)and thermal runaway(TR)mitigation is significant to improving the safety of lithium-ion battery systems.Inorganic phase chan... Developing technologies that can be applied simultaneously in battery thermal management(BTM)and thermal runaway(TR)mitigation is significant to improving the safety of lithium-ion battery systems.Inorganic phase change material(PCM)with nonflammability has the potential to achieve this dual function.This study proposed an encapsulated inorganic phase change material(EPCM)with a heat transfer enhancement for battery systems,where Na_(2)HPO_(4)·12H_(2)O was used as the core PCM encapsulated by silica and the additive of carbon nanotube(CNT)was applied to enhance the thermal conductivity.The microstructure and thermal properties of the EPCM/CNT were analyzed by a series of characterization tests.Two different incorporating methods of CNT were compared and the proper CNT adding amount was also studied.After preparation,the battery thermal management performance and TR propagation mitigation effects of EPCM/CNT were further investigated on the battery modules.The experimental results of thermal management tests showed that EPCM/CNT not only slowed down the temperature rising of the module but also improved the temperature uniformity during normal operation.The peak battery temperature decreased from 76℃to 61.2℃at 2 C discharge rate and the temperature difference was controlled below 3℃.Moreover,the results of TR propagation tests demonstrated that nonflammable EPCM/CNT with good heat absorption could work as a TR barrier,which exhibited effective mitigation on TR and TR propagation.The trigger time of three cells was successfully delayed by 129,474 and 551 s,respectively and the propagation intervals were greatly extended as well. 展开更多
关键词 Inorganic phase change material Carbon nanotube Battery thermal management thermal runaway propagation Fire resistance ENCAPSULATION
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Discovery of Palaeozoic Karsts in the Qaidam Basin and Their Oil and Gas Prospects 被引量:2
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作者 PENG Bo LIU Chenglin +4 位作者 LI Zongxing MA Yinsheng CAO Jun WANG Bing ZHANG Xu 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第5期1919-1920,共2页
Objective Complex geological factors have been constraining the oil and gas exploration in the Paleozoic strata of the Qaidam Basin,although there are high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks.One of the most important re... Objective Complex geological factors have been constraining the oil and gas exploration in the Paleozoic strata of the Qaidam Basin,although there are high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks.One of the most important reasons may be reservoir densification due to the multiple stages of destructive cementation,which has hindered our understanding of the Paleozoic petroleum enrichment rules in the Qaidam basin.In recent years. 展开更多
关键词 In high Discovery of Palaeozoic Karsts in the Qaidam Basin and their oil and Gas Prospects
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Effect of Fish Oil on (-Adrenoceptors and the Activity of Adenylate Cyclase on Myocardial Membrane in Rats
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作者 周建政 吴葆杰 张岫美 《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》 CAS 1996年第3期154-159,共6页
Effects of fish oil on β-adrenoceptors as well as the activity of adenylate cyclase (AC) on rat myocardial membrane were investigated.Supplementation with fish oil had no significant effect on basal activity of AC on... Effects of fish oil on β-adrenoceptors as well as the activity of adenylate cyclase (AC) on rat myocardial membrane were investigated.Supplementation with fish oil had no significant effect on basal activity of AC on myocardial membrane whereas it could markedly inhibit the AC activity stimulated by isoproterenol (ISO). Radioligand binding assays showed that supplementation with fish oil had no effect on Bmax and Kd, compared with saline control. However, supplementation with sheep oil could markedly reduce both the Kd and Bmax, compared with saline control. And the Kd of sheep oil group was greatly decreased than that of fish oil group. The results suggested that supplementation with fish oil mainly affected the activation of AC, not β-adrenoceptor itself. 展开更多
关键词 Fish oil EPA and DHA Adenylate cyclase Β-ADRENOCEPTOR
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Diageneses and Their Influences on Reservoir Properties of Chang 2 Oil Member in Renshan Region, Zhidan Oilfield, Ordos Basin 被引量:1
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作者 YANG Kang ZHOU Xue +5 位作者 LI Hong XIE Wei DONG Yangkun LIU Yongjie SONG Shijun ZHAO Leizhao 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第S1期142-143,共2页
1 Introduction Yanchang Formation in Upper Triassic,Ordos basin contains the most abundant hydrocarbon resources in North China(Wang et al.,2014).The sandstones are the most important oil-bearing reservoirs in Yanchang
关键词 Zhidan oilfield SEM Ordos Basin Diageneses and their Influences on Reservoir Properties of Chang 2 oil Member in Renshan Region
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The changes of Trp-deficient linusorb during the oxidation and the influence ofγ-tocopherol on their oxidative stability
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作者 Dujian Deng Jule Li +4 位作者 Jiahui Yu Wanzhen Li Martin J.T.Reaney Zizhe Cai Yong Wang 《Grain & Oil Science and Technology》 CAS 2024年第4期1-10,共10页
Linusorbs(LOs),particularly the Methionine(Met)-containing yet Tryptophan(Trp)-free LO(CLB and CLP),play a significant role in shaping the quality and sensory attributes of flaxseed oil.To investigate the stability of... Linusorbs(LOs),particularly the Methionine(Met)-containing yet Tryptophan(Trp)-free LO(CLB and CLP),play a significant role in shaping the quality and sensory attributes of flaxseed oil.To investigate the stability of these LOs and their oxidized forms during accelerated oxidation,the polar fractions of crude flaxseed oil were selectively removed using silica absorption and then reintroduced separately into the oil matrix along with LOs andγ-tocopherol(γ-T).Through comprehensive analysis of oxidative stability indexes,LOs content changes,oxidation kinetics,and the correlation between LOs and oxidative stability indexes,we observed that the LOs fraction alone exhibited a moderate antioxidant effect on the peroxide value(PV)but a weaker effect on the panisidine value(p-AV)of flaxseed oil.However,upon addition ofγ-T,we observed a weak synergistic effect betweenγ-T and LOs in suppressing PV,while a stronger effect in suppressing p-AV.Additionally,a comparison of the oxidation kinetics of different LOs indicated thatγ-T preferentially protected the oxidation of CLP over CLB.Similar protective trends ofγ-T towards the methionine sulfoxide(MetO)and methionine sulfoxide(MetO2)form of LOs were also observed,albeit to a lesser extent.Correlation analysis revealed that changes in Metcontaining LOs,particularly CLP,showed a high correlation with PV in the tested matrices,while MetOcontaining LOs better depicted changes in p-AV.Importantly,CLP demonstrated higher susceptibility to the influence of antioxidants,making it more suitable for evaluating the peroxide value in flaxseed oil samples. 展开更多
关键词 Flaxseed oil Cyclolinopeptide γ-Tocopherol Oxidative stability
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Fault characteristics and their control on oil and gas accumulation in the southwestern Ordos Basin
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作者 Yongtao Liu Shuanghe Dai +7 位作者 Yijun Zhou Fufeng Ding Mingjie Li Xingyun Li Yu Zhao Binhua Guo Tong Li Junan Han 《Energy Geoscience》 EI 2024年第1期162-171,共10页
3D seismic data recently acquired from the Ordos Basin shows three sets of regularly distributed fault systems,which overrides previous understanding that no faults were developed in this basin.Seismic interpretation ... 3D seismic data recently acquired from the Ordos Basin shows three sets of regularly distributed fault systems,which overrides previous understanding that no faults were developed in this basin.Seismic interpretation suggests that the faults in the southwestern Ordos Basin have three basic characteristics,namely extreme micro-scale,distinct vertical stratification,and regularity of planar distribution.These NS-,NW-,and NE-trending fault systems developed in the Meso-Neoproterozoic e Lower Ordovician strata.Of these,the NS-trending fault system mainly consists of consequent and antithetic faults which show clear syndepositional deformation.The fault systems in the Carboniferous e Middle-Lower Triassic strata are not clear on seismic reflection profiles.The NW-and NE-trending fault systems are developed in the Upper Triassic e Middle Jurassic strata.Of these,the NW-trending fault system appears as a negative flower structure in sectional view and in an en echelon pattern in plan-view;they show transtensional deformation.A NE-trending fault system that developed in the Lower Cretaceous e Cenozoic strata shows a Y-shaped structural style and tension-shear properties.A comprehensive analysis of the regional stress fields at different geologic times is essential to determine the development,distribution direction,and intensity of the activity of fault systems in the Ordos Basin.Current exploration suggests three aspects in which the faults within the Ordos Basin are crucial to oil and gas accumulation.Firstly,these faults serve as vertical barriers that cause the formation of two sets of relatively independent petroleum systems in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata respectively;this is the basis for the‘upper oil and lower gas’distribution pattern.Secondly,the vertical communication of these faults is favorable for oil and gas migration,thus contributing to the typical characteristics of multiple oil and gas fields within the basin,i.e.oil and gas reservoirs with multiple superimposed strata.Finally,these faults and their associated fractures improve the permeability of Mesozoic tight reservoirs,providing favorable conditions for oil enrichment in areas around the fault systems. 展开更多
关键词 Coherent attribute Strike-slip fault Flower structure Shale oil Ordos basin
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Functional thermal fluids and their applications in battery thermal management:A comprehensive review
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作者 Xinyue Xu Keyu Weng +3 位作者 Xitao Lu Yuanqiang Zhang Shuyan Zhu Deqiu Zou 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期78-101,共24页
With the increasing requirements for fast charging and discharging,higher requirements have been put forward for the thermal management of power batteries.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop efficient heat tr... With the increasing requirements for fast charging and discharging,higher requirements have been put forward for the thermal management of power batteries.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop efficient heat transfer fluids.As a new type of heat transfer fluids,functional thermal fluids mainly includ-ing nanofluids(NFs)and phase change fluids(PCFs),have the advantages of high heat carrying density,high heat transfer rate,and broad operational temperature range.However,challenges that hinder their practical applications remain.In this paper,we firstly overview the classification,thermophysical prop-erties,drawbacks,and corresponding modifications of functional thermal fluids.For NFs,the high ther-mal conductivity and high convective heat transfer performance were mainly elaborated,while the stability and viscosity issues were also analyzed.And then for PCFs,the high heat carrying density was mainly elaborated,while the problems of supercooling,stability,and viscosity were also analyzed.On this basis,the composite fluids combined NFs and PCFs technology,has been summarized.Furthermore,the thermal properties of traditional fluids,NFs,PCFs,and composite fluids are compared,which proves that functional thermal fluids are a good choice to replace traditional fluids as coolants.Then,battery thermal management system(BTMS)based on functional thermal fluids is summarized in detail,and the thermal management effects and pump consumption are compared with that of water-based BTMS.Finally,the current technical challenges that parameters optimization of functional thermal fluids and structures optimization of BTMS systematically are presented.In the future,it is necessary to pay more attention to using machine learning to predict thermophysical properties of functional thermal fluids and their applications for BTMS under actual vehicle conditions. 展开更多
关键词 Functionalthermal fluids Nanofluids Phase change fluids Battery thermal management system thermophysical properties
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Analysis of Effluent Outfall Problems and Their Classification and Regulation Countermeasures
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作者 Xuexia JIANG Xiange WU 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 2024年第1期62-65,共4页
Effluent outfalls are an important exit for pollutants discharged from the source flowing into environmental water bodies,as well as an important guarantee for the ecological environment of natural water bodies.In res... Effluent outfalls are an important exit for pollutants discharged from the source flowing into environmental water bodies,as well as an important guarantee for the ecological environment of natural water bodies.In response to main problems of large and diverse effluent outfalls,as well as their monitoring analysis,tracing and regulation in China,classification and regulation countermeasures were proposed based on the characteristics of effluent outfalls.It is suggested that a comprehensive management and control system should be built by improving the management and control system,upgrading monitoring techniques and strengthening social supervision and public education,so as to provide a scientific basis for the supervision and management of effluent outfalls in China and help promote the improvement of water quality and the sustainable development and utilization of water resources. 展开更多
关键词 Effluent outfalls Monitoring and analysis Classification and regulation Environmental management
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Analysis of rotor eddy current loss and thermal deformation of magnetic liquid double suspension bearing
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作者 LIU Hongmei YANG Guang +3 位作者 SUN Yanan SUN Jian WANG Zhe ZHAO Jianhua 《High Technology Letters》 EI CAS 2024年第3期322-332,共11页
Magnetic-liquid double suspension bearing(MLDSB)is a new type of suspension bearing based on electromagnetic suspension and supplemented by hydrostatic supporting.Without affecting the electromagnetic suspension force... Magnetic-liquid double suspension bearing(MLDSB)is a new type of suspension bearing based on electromagnetic suspension and supplemented by hydrostatic supporting.Without affecting the electromagnetic suspension force,the hydrostatic supporting effect is increased,and the real-time coupling of magnetic and liquid supporting can be realized.However,due to the high rotation speed,the rotor part produces eddy current loss,resulting in a large temperature rise and large ther-mal deformation,which makes the oil film thickness deviate from the initial design.The support and bearing characteristics are seriously affected.Therefore,this paper intends to explore the internal effects of eddy current loss of the rotor on the temperature rise and thermal deformation of MLDSB.Firstly,the 2D magnetic flow coupling mathematical model of MLDSB is established,and the eddy current loss distribution characteristics of the rotor are numerically simulated by Maxwell software.Secondly,the internal influence of mapping relationship of structural operating parameters such as input current,coil turns and rotor speed on rotor eddy current loss is revealed,and the changing trend of rotor eddy current loss under different design parameters is explored.Thirdly,the eddy cur-rent loss is loaded into the heat transfer finite element calculation model as a heat source,and the temperature rise of the rotor and its thermal deformation are simulated and analyzed,and the influ-ence of eddy current loss on rotor temperature rise and thermal deformation is revealed.Finally,the pressure-flow curve and the distribution law of the internal flow field are tested by the particle image velocimetry(PIV)system.The results show that eddy current loss increases linearly with the in-crease of coil current,coil turns and rotor speed.The effect of rotational speed on eddy current loss is much higher than that of coil current and coil turns.The maximum temperature rise,minimum temperature rise and maximum thermal deformation of the rotor increase with the increase of eddy current loss.The test results of flow-pressure and internal trace curves are basically consistent with the theoretical simulation,which effectively verifies the correctness of the theoretical simulation.The research results can provide theoretical basis for the design and safe and stable operation of magnetic fluid double suspension bearings. 展开更多
关键词 magnetic-liquid double suspension bearing(MLDSB) oil film thickness cur-rent loss thermal deformation particle image velocimetry(PIV)test
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Hydrate Prevention Strategies and the Associated Cost in the Gulf of Mexico
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作者 Ibrahim Ninalowo Bahman Tohidi 《World Journal of Engineering and Technology》 2024年第2期286-309,共24页
With the petroleum industry endeavoring to develop promising oil and gas in deeper water, gas hydrates prevention is a serious concern for oil and gas producing companies producing at conditions in the hydrate region.... With the petroleum industry endeavoring to develop promising oil and gas in deeper water, gas hydrates prevention is a serious concern for oil and gas producing companies producing at conditions in the hydrate region. This paper details lessons learned from the successful field deployment of AA LDHI and proper implementation strategies used for 3 different practical fields as case studies in the Gulf of Mexico. From the 3 field experiences, the AA LDHI has been used to replace the conventional thermodynamic hydrate inhibitor due to its numerous benefits during steady state operations and transition operations where AA LDHI is injected prior to extended shut in and restart for fields producing at low water cut. However, the strategy to develop a cost effective chemical management of hydrates for fields producing at high water cut is by pumping methanol or diesel to push down the wellbore fluid below the mud line during planned and unplanned shut-ins to delay water production, it also secures the riser with non hydrate fluids. This illustrates how the AA LDHIs are used in conjunction with more conventional hydrate management approaches to reach an optimal cost effective field hydrate management solution. However, this shows that the key to overall success of hydrate prevention is a full integration of a good front end design, a comprehensive deployment and an effective down hole monitoring system. 展开更多
关键词 Flow Assurance Hydrate Production Chemistry Hydrate Inhibitor Hydrate Prevention Strategies Deep Water oil and Gas Production Hydrate Blockage
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Common eye drops and their implications for p H measurements in the management of chemical eye injuries
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作者 Lik Thai Lim Elliott Y.Ah-kee Cian E.Collins 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2014年第6期1067-1068,共2页
Dear Sir,Eye drops(single use)commonly used in clinics do have varying pH values.The use of such drops in the initial management of chemical eye injury may influence the accuracy of pH measurement of the eye,and subse... Dear Sir,Eye drops(single use)commonly used in clinics do have varying pH values.The use of such drops in the initial management of chemical eye injury may influence the accuracy of pH measurement of the eye,and subsequently influence its management.Chemical eye injury is an ophthalmic emergency,which may be caused by exposure to an acidic(pH【4)or an alkali(pH】10)solution to the eye.Rinsing the eye decreases the concentration of these solutions on ocular surface.The initial management would be copious irrigation with clean or sterile water or Ringer’s solution(pH 7.3-7.4)or its equivalent,of a 展开更多
关键词 pH Common eye drops and their implications for p H measurements in the management of chemical eye injuries
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