Comparative Analysis on Pesticide Management System between America and China

The production and usage amount of pesticides in US rank the leading position in the world. On the basis of protecting the environment and human health, US government has enacted a series of laws and regulations to normalize and manage the production and use of pesticides so as to ensure the development of modern agriculture. In this paper, US pesticide management system is briefly reviewed and compared with the pesticide management system of China, which may provide good reference for china in establishing its own management system and make steps towards the international standard.

Comparison of GMO Safety Management Policies in Major Countries and Regions

With the rapid development of genetic technology,the application of genetically modified crops has brought revolutionary changes to the global agricultural production and agricultural trade patterns,and has played an important role in ensuring human health,environmental safety and sustainable agricultural development.In order to strengthen genetically modified organisms(GMO)safety management,countries around the world have formulated GMO safety management policies adapted to their own national conditions with reference to internationally accepted practices.In this study,we carried out comparative studies among the United States,the European Union,Japan and other developed countries or regions and China from the aspects of regulations and management institutions,safety evaluation systems,and label management,so as to provide references for the improvement of China's GMO safety management policies.

A Comparison of Chinese and English Classroom Management:A Case Study of“Are Our Kids Tough Enough?”

In the documentary Are Our Kids Tough Enough,five Chinese teachers went to teach at a High School in Hampshire,England,and had a final assessment comparison of the quality of teaching with the English teachers.The collision of different cultures in the documentary has caused people to ponder over education both at home and abroad.This study explores effective classroom strategies and the positive role of cross-cultural factors in Chinese and English classroom management models to build an effective and dynamic classroom.Through a comparative study of Chinese and English classroom management models,this paper mainly finds out that English teachers tend to be more free-ranging in classroom management.Besides,the classroom atmosphere is relaxed,and students are active in thinking,but not concentrative.Chinese teachers,on the other hand,tend to have very serious management styles,and set strict discipline in the classroom.They concentrate under high pressure and,to a certain extent,suppress students’flexibility.In addition,this paper also elaborated three elements which are closely related to classroom management:(1).Teaching methods;(2).Teaching activity design;(3).Assessment.Through the comparative study,we find that Chinese classroom management model is more rigid,in which teachers can easily grasp the situation,but the classroom atmosphere is not very active.The British classroom management model is more flexible;students will not be too constrained,and classroom atmosphere is more active.But this has higher request to the teacher’s classroom management ability:avoiding loss of control of the classroom discipline.

Contrast and Comparison Between the Old and New Bar Code for Commodity Management Measures

With the development of socialism market economy, the former Bar Code For Commodity Management Measures (being called Old Measures for short hereafter) issued by the National Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision can not adapt to the requirement of managing for bar code for commodity.

International Comparison,Regional Characteristics and Regulatory Management of Structural Rise in the Prices of Chinese Industrial and Agricultural Products

China's price fluctuations increasingly exhibit significant structural characteristics,and since 2003,there have been several rounds of significant structural price rise.The degree of structural rise in the prices of industrial and agricultural products in China is not only higher than in the general developed countries and developing countries,but also more prominent than in other transition economies.And the structural rise in the prices of Chinese industrial and agricultural products exhibits significant economic zone differences:the structural fluctuations are the greatest in the central and western regions,significantly higher than in the eastern regions as well as the national average.From the perspective of causes of structural rise in the prices of Chinese industrial and agricultural products,the government must aim to coordinate the industrial and agricultural investments and bridge the gap in the industrial and agricultural technologies and supply capacity.

Comparative Analysis and Assessment of States’ Traffic Management Center Programs

This research presents a step-by-step guideline for traffic data collection standards set by the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) and American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). This study reviews manual and automatic methods of traffic counting and provides detailed information on traffic volume and vehicle classification studies. This research also provides a detailed analysis of the Delaware Department of Transportation (DelDOT)-TMC (Transportation Management Center) websites and compares it to selected Department of Transportation websites of other states such as Vermont, Connecticut, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, California, Texas, and Virginia. The purpose of the comparison is to analyze the data sources;user friendliness, accessibility, types of data available, presentation formats, and style for each state to determine how they compared to DelDOT-TMC. Although there were some similarities, the findings suggest that two major differences are present. The overall results revealed that DelDOT-TMC provides limited traffic and roadway weather data, and presentation formats to the public as compared to the other states. Further, a unitless variable, called the Capacity Factor (Q), has been developed within this study to represent this relative comparison. This study shows that DelDOT TMC performs well within the group of selected states and better than selected states of similar size and most selected states of larger size;where only Virginia performs better then DelDOT TMC. DelDOT TMC does not perform as well as selected neighboring states;however, it performs in an acceptable range relative to neighboring states.

现代医院运营管理模式国际比较及国内典型案例分析

运营管理模式变革是当前推动公立医院实现高质量发展的核心任务。借鉴国际上具有代表性的美国、英国、新加坡和我国四川大学华西医院、上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院、吉林大学中日联谊医院运营管理典型经验和做法,并进行全方位比较分析。提出了新形势下我国公立医院运营管理要树立“大运营管理”的理念,从现代医院运营管理功能定位、管理体制建设和复合型运营助理培养等方面,探讨构建符合公立医院高质量发展要求的现代医院运营管理体系,提出具有参谋职能的委员会管理制度,横向、纵向整合多部门资源形成科学系统的问题识别、反馈、协商、改进工作机制,推动公立医院高质量发展。

我国医疗保险国谈药品单独支付政策省际比较研究

目的:对国家医疗保险谈判药品单独支付省级政策文本进行分析,总结关键措施及特点,为各省制定和优化单独支付政策提供借鉴。方法:检索各省、自治区、直辖市医疗保障局网站,收集有关单独支付的政策文件,对检索到的政策文本进行总结与分析。结果:各省份单独支付政策在目录发布、目录遴选方式、药品管理方式、政策待遇水平和政策衔接等方面存在差异。结论:单独支付政策是“三医”协同发展的重要推手。各省要平衡好单独支付目录各种政策要素,处理好医保基金控制和患者获得感以及理清单独支付政策与支持创新药发展的关系,减少“三医”协同障碍。

个人健康信息管理视角下社群性量化自我参与对健康行为改变的影响研究

[研究目的]从PHIM视角下揭示社群性量化自我参与对健康行为改变的影响机理并尝试设计数据呈现方式来探索其影响效应,以便更好地指导群体性健康管理的实施。[研究方法]结合被试招募及对照实验,通过ANCOVA和回归分析尝试探索并验证社群性量化自我参与对个人健康行为改变的影响机理,且进一步分析不同数据呈现方式的影响。[研究结论]相比于仅获取量化自我时间的参与者(M=2.567,SD=0.891),可以完整了解个人和他人量化自我数据结果的参与者其健康行为改变意愿更高(M=5.322,SD=0.903);差异洞察具有中介作用(c’=0.306,P1=0.000<0.01;b=0.148,P=0.026<0.05),即社群性情景可以触发参与者的差异洞察,进而使得其健康行为改变意愿更明显;社会比较具有调节作用(T=6.209,P=0.000<0.001),即当数据呈现中包含社会性比较时,参与者的差异洞察和健康行为改变意愿更强烈。该研究在一定程度上丰富了量化自我的理论研究,同时对于从社群性视角指导公众实施个人健康信息管理具有一定参考价值。

国家医保谈判药品“双通道”管理实施现状与政策分析

目的:对最新版国家医保谈判药品“双通道”管理省级政策进行文本梳理和分析,对比各省份政策差异与创新举措,为完善“双通道”管理模式提供参考性建议。方法:检索2021年5月10日—2024年4月10日各省医疗保障局和卫生健康委等官方网站“双通道”管理相关政策文件,采用内容分析法对文本资料进行提取和统计分析。结果:各省“双通道”管理政策在药品准入、医药机构遴选、待遇保障、用药管理和限制性政策调整等方面共性与差异性共存。结论:“双通道”政策设计应因地制宜,建议细化药品目录准入标准,规范设置医药机构准入门槛,科学确定医保待遇水平,制定差异化的用药认定管理方式,进一步削弱政策限制性因素。

中外医院绩效管理比较分析

目的对中外医院绩效管理进行比较分析,以期为我国医院绩效管理提供借鉴与参考。方法利用NVivo软件对CNKI、Web of Science数据库中国内外医院绩效管理相关文献分别进行内容质性比较分析。结果从“需求面-供给面-政策面”3个维度以及“宏观-中观-微观”3个层面分析我国与国外医院在绩效管理上的差异,发现国内外医院在绩效指标拟定、过程管理、外部评价、信息化程度、绩效工具应用等方面存在差异。结论我国医院绩效管理要关注患者的需求,适应卫生政策的变化,营造重视患者体验的绩效管理文化,完善以国考为导向的绩效评价体系,构建整合医院、科室和员工的绩效激励体系,不断推动公立医院绩效管理高质量发展。

高速公路施工控制区动态交通流预测的LSTM-BiGRU-Attention模型

为提前准确预知高速公路施工控制区交通流变化趋势,解决交通流时间序列中的长期依赖问题,文中建立了高速公路施工控制区动态交通流预测的LSTM-BiGRU-Attention模型。首先,将预处理后的动态交通流数据集按时间步长顺序输入到LSTM网络,对交通流信息建模和学习。然后,引入BiGRU和Attention机制以更好地捕捉上下文信息和提供更具针对性的权重分配。最后,将构建的LSTM-BiGRU-Attention模型与其他模型进行交通流预测对比,评估模型性能。实验以G35济广高速公路某施工控制区交通运行情况为案例进行研究,结果显示该模型的平均绝对误差MAE为1.91,均方根误差RMSE为2.83,决定系数R^(2)为0.79,平均绝对百分数误差MAPE为3.23。对比其他模型,LSTM-BiGRU-Attention模型的4个评估指标均有所下降,说明该模型可为高速公路施工控制区提供更加精准的预测。

国际比较视野下的社区教育管理研究——基于人本主义教育理论

社区教育在促进社区成员全面发展的过程中发挥着重要作用。文章运用人本主义教育理论,对美国、北欧国家和澳大利亚的社区教育管理进行比较,分析了法律法规和政策制定、管理理念和价值导向、管理体制和运行机制等对社区教育管理的影响。借鉴国外经验,提出加强法律法规和政策体系建设、塑造新的管理理念和价值导向、构建更为高效的管理体制和运行机制、完善培训项目和课程管理而发展我国社区教育管理的路径。

地方政府自然灾害应急管理:问题、国际比较与优化路径——以河北涿州暴雨灾害为例

在自然灾害频发的背景下,地方政府应急管理能力的提升不仅是化解自然灾害危机的基础,更是确保人民的生命和财产安全的根本保障。文章选取“河北涿州暴雨灾害”进行个案研究,通过复盘“河北涿州暴雨灾害”,围绕“灾前”“灾中”“灾后”方面进行盘点、评估,分析并总结地方政府在自然灾害应急管理过程中存在的不足之处;同时,分析日本、英国的自然灾害应急管理经验,关注其在应急体系、灾害预防、社会参与和灾后恢复等方面的做法,旨在为地方政府提高自然灾害应急管理能力提供有益的启示。

计及碳交易机制的含光热电站海岛微网能量管理策略

针对海岛能源供给低碳经济性和热电联产机组“以热定电”稳定运行问题,文中提出计及碳交易机制的含光热电站海岛微网能量管理策略。基于光热电站、热泵、风电、微型燃气轮机组、海水淡化设备等集电、热、水一体化的多能源海岛微网系统,通过热泵配合光热电站实现电-热能量双向转化,提高光热电站的发电能力并满足部分热负荷需求。引入碳交易机制来限制碳排放,建立海岛微网低碳经济性模型,研究在光热电站参与下海岛微网不同运行方式的经济性。多场景对比实验证明了海岛微网低碳经济调度可以较好地兼顾经济性与环保性,在以较低经济成本运行的同时碳排放较少。

粤港澳大湾区人才高地建设背景下港澳人才与内地人才引进政策比较研究

由于中国香港澳门地区的人才与内地人才的特点和属性存在差异,粤港澳大湾区各城市关于这两类人才的引进政策存在较大区别,并且这种差异性会在很大层面上影响政策评估的结果。为此,从人才属地分类视角出发,以广州、深圳、珠海为例,分析粤港澳大湾区不同城市的人才需求,并结合麦克拉夫林(M.Mclaughlin)的公共政策执行互动模型,从政策执行者和受政策影响者利益角度对比分析粤港澳大湾区对内地人才和港澳地区人才引进政策的异同,以及从政策执行者与政策接受者之间相互调试的角度分析不同人才引进政策施行原因。研究发现:根据人才的市场机制、需求情况及资源配置3个维度,粤港澳大湾区作为政策执行地本身,在引才标准方面以引进高端精准的内地人才为导向,对于港澳地区人才的引进则以青年人才为突破点,在引才领域方面均倾向于理工科领域,文化领域则多针对内地人才;两种属地的人才作为政策接受者享受不同程度的个税优惠、购房优惠等。粤港澳大湾区在进一步优化完善人才引进政策时,不仅需要考虑作为政策执行者本身的利益,还需要重视政策接受者的需求,具体要健全区域性人才引进机制和粤港澳三地政府引进人才合作模式,推动港澳青年融入粤港澳大湾区发展,并进一步引导港澳青年坚定政治立场、弘扬爱国主义精神,更好地推动社会主义人才强国建设。

A Comparative Analysis of Job Stress of Field Managers and Workers in Korean Construction Projects

A successful construction project hinges on the effective and efficient management of human resources. The stress of human resources is directly related with work performance, and as such, should be managed to improve work performance. This study aims to perform a comparative analysis of job stress levels after a survey on the job stress of field managers and workers. Through the analysis, it is found that the stress levels of field managers are different from those of the workers and construction field managers and workers get job stress scores less than average scores of Korean male workers. In addition, different personal factors affect the field managers and the workers differently. Therefore, understanding by which factor the other parties become stressed is expected to improve efficiency in the management of human resources.

Comparison of Digital Maps: Recognition and Quantitative Measure of Changes

A new methodology of comparing digital raster maps was proposed which allows not only detecting changes in the maps, but also obtaining quantitative measures of the importance of selected differences. Procedure of object interpretation of satellite images and forming of OMT (Object Map of Territory) is described. A list of allowable differences between two OMTs is defined. Two steps technique of quantitative measuring is proposed. At the first stage functions are constructed for calculating local measures of differences in the amount, areas and locations of objects on the map, as well as relations between the objects. In the second stage local measures are used to calculate the integral measure in order to get generalized assessment of difference between maps. The methods for constructing functions which calculate local and integral measures of differences are described. Examples of comparing and measuring the differences between OMTs are provided. Obtained results by utilizing this technique can be used to analyze trends, forecast of development and might be helpful for choosing most efficient scenarios for sustainable spatial planning and land management.