Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide,and a series of strategies has been reported for tumor-specific therapy.Currently,chemodynamic therapy(CDT)has become a research hotspot for antitumor treatment due to its ...Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide,and a series of strategies has been reported for tumor-specific therapy.Currently,chemodynamic therapy(CDT)has become a research hotspot for antitumor treatment due to its advantages of high specificity,endogenous stimulation,and high biosafety.However,the therapeutic effects of CDT are normally limited in the complex tumor microenvironment(TME),such as insufficient acidity,tumor hypoxia,low hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),and high glutathione(GSH).Consequently,different kinds of multifunctional nanomaterials have been designed to manipulate TME conditions,which provided more opportunities to improve the efficiency of CDT.This review focuses on nanomaterial-based strategies for enhancing CDT through manipulating TME.Upon CDT enhancements,this review would provide a reference for the future development of efficient CDT nanomaterials.展开更多
The observations of microorganisms revealed how they swim.As inspired by them,studies on artificial micro-robots with various actuation mechanisms have been thriving.To elucidate the essential concepts in understandin...The observations of microorganisms revealed how they swim.As inspired by them,studies on artificial micro-robots with various actuation mechanisms have been thriving.To elucidate the essential concepts in understanding the dynamic behaviors of natural and artificial micro-swimmers—so as to control the latter in future applications,in this paper,we summarize the historical achievements and describe our theoretical perspectives.We first introduce the studies on microorganisms and their propulsion mechanisms.After reviewing the basic principles and the development of the understanding of them,we take the flagellated micro-swimmers as an example to elaborate on the theories of their locomotion.We review the progress in actuation strategies of artificial flagellated micro-swimmers and then propose two possible strategies to realize the turning of a flagellated micro-swimmer—the key step toward steerability through remote fields.Finally,we describe the inadequacies of the investigations on this topic and our perspectives on future developments.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22274012,21974010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2233300007)the Key Project of Science and Technology Plan of Beijing Education Commission,China(No.KZ20231002807).
文摘Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide,and a series of strategies has been reported for tumor-specific therapy.Currently,chemodynamic therapy(CDT)has become a research hotspot for antitumor treatment due to its advantages of high specificity,endogenous stimulation,and high biosafety.However,the therapeutic effects of CDT are normally limited in the complex tumor microenvironment(TME),such as insufficient acidity,tumor hypoxia,low hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),and high glutathione(GSH).Consequently,different kinds of multifunctional nanomaterials have been designed to manipulate TME conditions,which provided more opportunities to improve the efficiency of CDT.This review focuses on nanomaterial-based strategies for enhancing CDT through manipulating TME.Upon CDT enhancements,this review would provide a reference for the future development of efficient CDT nanomaterials.
基金the General Research Fund of Hong Kong RGC(Grant No.15213619)The second author is supported by the postdoctoral scheme of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University(Project ID:P0034926)+1 种基金The studies presented in this work are supported by the NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme(RGC:N_PolyU519/19 and NSFC:51961160729)The authors are grateful for these financial supports.
文摘The observations of microorganisms revealed how they swim.As inspired by them,studies on artificial micro-robots with various actuation mechanisms have been thriving.To elucidate the essential concepts in understanding the dynamic behaviors of natural and artificial micro-swimmers—so as to control the latter in future applications,in this paper,we summarize the historical achievements and describe our theoretical perspectives.We first introduce the studies on microorganisms and their propulsion mechanisms.After reviewing the basic principles and the development of the understanding of them,we take the flagellated micro-swimmers as an example to elaborate on the theories of their locomotion.We review the progress in actuation strategies of artificial flagellated micro-swimmers and then propose two possible strategies to realize the turning of a flagellated micro-swimmer—the key step toward steerability through remote fields.Finally,we describe the inadequacies of the investigations on this topic and our perspectives on future developments.
