Depositional model of the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex of the Dengying Formation in the southwestern Sichuan Basin, SW China: Implications for the Ediacaran microbial mound construction and hydrocarbon exploration

Recent advances in hydrocarbon exploration have been made in the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex reservoirs of the Dengying Formation in the western Sichuan Basin, SW China,where the depositional process is regarded confusing. The microfacies, construction types, and depositional model of the Member Deng-2 marginal microbial mound-bank complex have been investigated using unmanned aerial vehicle photography, outcrop section investigation, thin section identification,and seismic reflections in the southwestern Sichuan Basin. The microbialite lithologic textures in this region include thrombolite, dendrolite, stromatolite, fenestral stromatolite, spongiostromata stone,oncolite, aggregated grainstone, and botryoidal grapestone. Based on the comprehensive analysis of“depositional fabrics-lithology-microfacies”, an association between a fore mound, mound framework,and back mound subfacies has been proposed based on water depth, current direction, energy level and lithologic assemblages. The microfacies of the mound base, mound core, mound flank, mound cap, and mound flat could be recognized among the mound framework subfacies. Two construction types of marginal microbial mound-bank complex have been determined based on deposition location, mound scale, migration direction, and sedimentary facies association. Type Jinkouhe microbial mound constructions(TJMMCs) develop along the windward margin owing to their proximity to the seaward subfacies fore mound, with a northeastwardly migrated microbial mound on top of the mud mound,exhibiting the characteristics of large-sized mounds and small-sized banks in the surrounding area. Type E'bian microbial mound constructions(TEMMCs) primarily occur on the leeward margin, resulting from the presence of onshore back mound subfacies, with the smaller southwestward migrated microbial mounds existing on a thicker microbial flat. The platform margin microbial mound depositional model can be correlated with certain lateral comparison profile and seismic reflection structures in the 2D seismic section, which can provide references for future worldwide exploration. Microbial mounds with larger buildups and thicker vertical reservoirs are typically targeted on the windward margin, while small-sized microbial mounds and flats with better lateral connections are typically focused on the leeward margin.

Giant Mineral Deposits and Their Geodynamic Setting in the Lanping Basin, Yunnan, China

There are giant mineral deposits, including the Jinding Zn-Pb and Baiyangping Ag-Co-Cu, and otherimportant mineral deposits (e.g., Baiyangchang Ag-Cu, Jinman Cu deposits, etc.) in the Lanping Mesozoic-Cenozoic Basin, Yunnan Province, China. The tabular ore-bodies and some veins hosted in terrestrial clastic rocks of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic age and no outcropping of igneous rocks in the giant deposits lead to the proposal of syngenetic origin, but the giant mineral deposits are not stratabound (e.g. MVT, sandstone- and Sedex-type). They formed in a continental red basin with intense crust movement. The mineralization is controlled by structures and lithology and occurs in different strata, and no sedimentary nature and no exhalative sediments are identified in the deposits. The deposits show some relations with organic matter (now asphalt and petroleum) and evaporates (gypsum). The middle-low-temperature (mainly 110℃ to 280℃) mineralization took place at a depth of about 0.9 km to 3.1 km during the early Himalayan (58 to 67 Ma). The salinity of ore-forming fluids is surprisingly low (1.6% to 18.0 wt% (NaCl)eq). Affected by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates, the mantle is disturbed under the Lanping Basin. The large-scale mineralization is closely linked with the geodynamics of the crust movement, the mantle and mantle-flux upwelling and igneous activity. Giant mineral deposits and their geodynamic setting are unique in the Lanping Basin.

Petroleum exploration of shallow marine deposit Carboniferous volcanic tuff reservoir in the western margin of Junggar Basin

In 2011,petroleum exploration of shallow marine deposits Carboniferous and volcanic tuff reservoir realized breakthroughs at Chepaizi slope in the western margin of Junggar Basin. Pai 61 well,with 855.7 ~ 949.6 m section,in the conventional test oil obtained 6 t/d industrial oil flow. The surface viscosity is 390 mPa· s(50℃). The marine deposit of Carboniferous are deep oil source rocks and high-quality reservoir. Magma volcanic activity provides the basis for volcanic reservoir development and distribution. The weathering crust and secondary cracks developed volcanic tuff by strong rock weathering and dissolution of organic acids which has become top quality reservoir. Deep Permian oil- gas migrated and accumulated to high parts along Hong- Che fault belt and stratigraphic unconformity stripping. Permian and Triassic volcanic rocks or dense mudstone sedimentary cover as a regional seal for the late Carboniferous oil-gas to save critically. The seismic pre-stack time migration processing technologies for the problem of poor inner structures of Carboniferous were developed. Response of volcanic rock seismic and logging are obvious. The application imaging logging and nuclear magnetic technology achieved the qualitative identification and quantification of fracture description.

胶莱盆地东北缘郭城金矿床成矿流体特征及矿床成因

郭城金矿床位于胶莱盆地东北缘,由土堆矿段、沙旺矿段、东刘家矿段、龙口矿段和后夼矿段等组成,受以郭城断裂为主的拆离构造体系控制。矿石中石英流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温等研究结果显示,流体包裹体分为气液两相包裹体、含CO_(2)三相包裹体和纯液相包裹体3种类型;成矿流体盐度为1.39%~16.53%,密度0.56~1.00 g/cm^(3),属于中低盐度、低密度流体;成矿温度为200℃~360℃,成矿流体压力60~125 MPa,成矿深度6.22~9.31 km。结合前人研究成果,认为郭城金矿床成因类型是受郭城断裂为主拆离构造体系控制、地幔流体参与成矿的中温热液脉型金矿床。

Segmented evolution of Deyang-Anyue erosion rift trough in Sichuan Basin and its significance for oil and gas exploration, SW China

Based on analysis of field survey, drilling and seismic data, the formation and evolution process of Deyang-Anyue erosion rift trough in Sichuan Basin was reconstructed, and exploration areas were divided and evaluated. The results show that:(1) Dengying Formation in and around Deyang-Anyue erosion rift trough varies widely in sedimentary characteristics. The Dengying Formation in the northern part of the erosion rift trough developed deep-water sediments, the Dengying Formation in the northern part of the basin varied gradually from basin to slope, platform margin, and restricted platform, and the Dengying Formation in the middle and southern parts of the trough developed carbonate platform facies.(2) Deyang-Anyue erosion rift trough is formed by extensional rift and karst erosion jointly, the north section of the erosion rift trough is mainly the product of tensile rift, while the middle and south sections are formed by erosion in multi-episodes of Tongwan period.(3) Based on the segmented origins of the erosion rift trough, Dengying Formation in and around it is divided into three exploration fields: lithologic mound and beach bodies at the northern platform margin of the basin, karst mound and beach bodies in the central platform, and karst residual mounds in the central southern trough of the basin, among them, the karst residual mounds in the central southern trough of the basin are a new frontier for natural gas exploration in the basin, and the lithologic mound and beach bodies at the northern platform margin are a new position for increasing the reserves of trillions of cubic meters of natural gas resources in the basin.

Petrology and geochemistry of the Shilu Fe-polymetallic ore deposit in Hainan Province of South China: Implications for the origin of Neoproterozoic BIFs

The Shilu Fe-polymetallic ore deposit,a famous hematite-rich Fe-ore deposit,is situated at the western Hainan Province of south China.The deposit characterizes the upper Fe ores and the lower Co-Cu ores,which are mainly hosted within a low-grade to medium-grade,dominantly submarine metamorphosed siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentary succession of the Neoproterozoic Shilu Group.Three facies types of metamorphosed BIFs,i.e.the oxide facies,the silicate-oxide facies and the sulfide-carbonate facies BIFs,are identified within the sixth sequence of the Shilu Group.The oxide facies BIF(i.e.the Fe-rich itabirites or ores)consists of alternating hematite-rich microbands with quartz-rich microbands;the silicate-oxide facies BIF(i.e.the Fe-poor itabirites or ores)comprises alternating millimeter-to a few tens meter-scale,magnetite-hematite-rich bands with calcsilicate-rich(garnet+actinolite+diopside+epidote+quartz)meso-to microbands;and the sulfide-carbonate facies BIF(i.e.the Co-Cu ores)contains alternating macro-to mesobands of Co-bearing pyrite and pyrrhotite,and chalcopyrite with mesobands of dolomite+calcite+diopside+quartz and/or chlorite+sericite+quartz.The blastooolitic,blastopelletoid blastocolloidal and blastopsammitic textures,and blasobedding structures which most likely represent primary sedimentation are often observed in these BIF facies.The interbedded host rocks with the BIFs mainly are the pyroxene-amphibole rocks and the banded or impure dolostones,and also contain banded or laminated structures,and lepido-gra-noblastic,nematoblastic and/or blastoclastic textures.Compositionally,the main host rocks,the pyroxene-amphibole rocks contain basic-intermediate SiO_2(~54.00 wt.%),CaO(~14.19 wt.%),MgO(~9.68 wt.%)and Al_2O_3(~8.49 wt.%)with a positive correlation between Al_2O_3 and TiO_2.The UCC-like Zr and Hf abundances,high Ba content andεNd(t)value(^-5.99)as well as the ratios of La/YbPAAS(0.17~1.00),δEuPAAS(0.88~1.12)andδCePAAS(0.93~1.13)commonly reveal that the protoliths to this type rocks are hydrogenic with a large contribution of terrigenous sediments and minor hydrothermal input.The high CaO+MgO+LOI contents and the extremely low trace element and REEconcentrations as well as the ratios of Y/Ho(44~45),δEuPAAS(1.13~1.57)andδCePAAS(0.69~0.98)reflect a marine origin with minor terrigenous materials for the banded or impure dolostones.Moreover,this type rocks also account for a negativeεNd(t)value(^-7.49).The oxide facies BIF is dominated by Fe_2O_3+FeO(~75.59wt.%)and SiO_2(~20.47 wt.%)with aεNd(t)value of^-6.10.The variable contents in Al_2O_3,TiO 2,K2O,Na2O,Zr,Hf and∑REE,and variable ratios of Y/Ho(24~39)andδEuPAAS(0.86~11.07)suggest the precursor sediments to this facies BIF are admixtures of sea-floor hydrothermal fluids and seawaters with minor involvement of detrital components.Compared to the oxide facies BIF,the silicate-oxide facies BIF is lower in Fe_2O_3+Fe O(~39.81wt.%)and Ba but higher in SiO_2(~42.54 wt.%),Al2O3(~3.60 wt.%),TiO_2(~0.19 wt.%),MgO(~1.12 wt.%),CaO(~9.06 wt.%),K_2O(~0.98 wt.%),Mn and Zr.The ratios of Y/Ho(25~34),La/YbPAAS(0.14-0.74)andδEuPAAS(0.91~1.12)most likely are linked to higher degree of detrital contamintants.While the sulfide-caronate facies BIF is main but variable in Fe_2O_3+Fe O(15.79~57.91 wt.%),SiO 2(0.54~61.52 wt.%),MgO(0.12~16.09wt.%),CaO(0.17~23.41 wt.%)and LOI(8.28-30.06 wt.%).The generally low contents in trace elements(including REE)except for an obvious enrichment in Pb,and the positive Ce anomalies(δCePAAS=1.04~1.95)and negative Pr anomalies(δPrPAAS=0.67~0.93),as well as the variable ratios ofδEuPAAS(0.72~1.71),La/YbPAAS(0.26~1.60)and Y/Ho(26~57)suggest that the precursors to the sulfide-carbonate facies BIF mainly are metalliferious sediments from deep-marine hydrotheral source with minor detrital components.The T2DM ages(ca.2.0 Ga)imply that the Shilu BIFs and interbedded host rocks contain a component with Paleoproterozoic crustal residence age due to a significant crustal accretion event at ca.2.0 Ga in Hainan Island.In connection with the petrographical and mineralogical relationship,we conclude that the precursor precipitates to the Shilu BIFs are variable degree of admixtures of the Fe-Co-Cu-(Si)-rich hydrothermal fluids and detrital components from seawater and fresh water carring continental landmass;whereas the protolith to the main interbedded host rocks,i.e.the pyroxene-amphibole rocks,most likely was terrigenous,fine-grained clastic-sediments but with significant input of hydrothermal fluids in a seawater environment.As a result,a continent marginal marine basin is proposed for deposition of the Shilu BIFs and interbedded host rocks.Sea-level fluctuations caused by marine transgression–regressions possibly contributed to changes in the composition and varied input of the terrigenous sediments.

鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘中侏罗统直罗组砂岩岩石学及地球化学特征

以鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘中侏罗统直罗组砂岩为研究对象,重点分析赋矿砂体岩石学及铀地球化学特征,旨在揭示砂岩型铀矿形成的有利地球化学条件,对阐明鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘砂岩型铀矿床的成因及铀矿找矿工作具有指示意义。基于岩石薄片、扫描电镜观察和常量元素、微量元素、稀土元素及碳、氧同位素分析,研究了鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘直罗组砂岩岩石学和地球化学特征,认为彬县地区和店头地区直罗组砂岩成分成熟度较高、沉积物源相近、沉积环境相似,且均经历了较强的成岩压实作用和后生蚀变作用,只是彬县地区在直罗组沉积时比店头地区离盆缘(物源)更近,成岩压实作用相对弱些,因而表现出相对氧化、后生蚀变更强的特征。鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘直罗组砂岩中显著富集U和Y,其中矿化砂岩显著富集Y;直罗组砂岩中U与Pb、Y、V和W等微量元素相关性较好,且矿化砂岩中相对富集U、Pb、Y、V和W,铀矿化与Pb、Y、V和W有一定关系。

柴北缘滩间山金矿区Au-As-Sb地球化学异常组合及其外围找矿预测应用

Au-As-Sb地球化学异常组合在中低温热液型金矿床中常指示着矿体前缘晕相或中浅部矿体的出露,对剥蚀较弱的金矿床而言,该组合化探异常有利于指引造山型金矿床浅部金矿体的发现。不同于传统化探需测试数十个元素、处理上万个数据而圈定异常的惯例,在柴北缘成矿带滩间山金矿区及外围水系沉积物研究中,采用Au-As-Sb元素组合特征分析方法圈定多个Au-As-Sb地球化学异常组合,大幅提高了水系沉积物勘查的工作效率。同时,R型聚类分析表明Au、As、Sb元素之间相关性强,与已发现的青龙沟、金龙沟大型造山型金矿床地质特征、主成矿期自然金+黄铁矿+毒砂+(黄铜矿+方铅矿+闪锌矿)矿石矿物组合、造山型金矿床连续成矿模型Au、As、Sb纵向变化规律等特点基本一致,表明该地区矿床赋存深度处于中浅成,预示着该矿床外围和深部具有较好找矿前景。

伊犁盆地南缘蒙其古尔铀矿床东部黏土矿物分布特征

伊犁盆地南缘蒙其古尔铀矿床是近年来探寻出的储量可观的铀矿床之一,含矿岩系主要为下侏罗统三工河组上、下段及中侏罗统西山窑组上、下段。本文通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜等分析测试手段,初步探讨含矿岩层砂体黏土矿物分布特征及转化关系。研究发现蒙其古尔铀矿床东部地区黏土矿物以高岭石为主,其次为伊利石、伊利石/蒙脱石混层,少量绿泥石及蒙脱石。黏土矿物种类及含量随地层埋深增加及地下水运移方向存在一定的变化规律:随深度增加高岭石含量呈递增趋势,伊利石/蒙脱石混层呈递减趋势,伊利石呈微弱递增趋势;沿地下水运移方向高岭土含量持续递减,伊利石/蒙脱石混层含量呈递增趋势,伊利石呈微弱递减趋势。高岭石一部分为陆源碎屑成因,另一部分为成岩初期的次生产物;伊利石大部分是成岩前期的自生矿物,另一部分则是由蒙脱石最终转换而成;伊利石/蒙脱石混层则是蒙脱石向伊利石过渡转化的中间产物。高岭石和伊利石/蒙脱石混层含量呈明显负相关性;伊利石和伊利石/蒙脱石混层表现为微弱负相关,高岭石和伊利石二者相关性较差,表明由原生矿物长石、云母等转变成伊利石与高岭石,并且存在高岭石向蒙脱石及绿泥石的转化,而蒙脱石经伊利石/蒙脱石混层中间产物后向伊利石转化的过程。

山东省乳山市于家圈金矿地质特征及找矿前景探讨

山东省乳山市于家圈金矿床位于胶莱盆地东北缘,牟乳成矿带西侧,矿区内与金矿关系密切的地层、构造和岩浆岩发育,成矿地质条件良好。通过地物化综合找矿方法,在矿区内发现8条金矿化蚀变带,圈定4个金矿化体、1个银矿化体、1个铅矿化体、4个金矿体、1个铅矿体,取得了良好的找矿效果。在分析区域成矿地质背景的基础上,详细阐述了于家圈金矿地质特征,总结了控矿因素和找矿标志,探讨了找矿前景,认为该区找金矿潜力较大。

塞内加尔盆地演化过程与岩性油气藏勘探前景

被动大陆边缘盆地勘探程度低、潜力大,塞内加尔盆地是近年来被动陆缘勘探的热点地区之一。基于板块学说,利用地震、地质等资料,恢复了塞内加尔盆地的演化过程,并展望了其岩性油气藏勘探前景。研究结果表明:①塞内加尔盆地可划分为3个演化阶段,中三叠世裂陷期陆内裂谷盆地、晚三叠世—早侏罗世过渡期陆间裂谷盆地、中侏罗世至今漂移期被动陆缘盆地。受古构造和古气候的控制,裂谷层系较薄,且埋藏深,以陆相红色地层为主;陆间裂谷期广泛发育蒸发岩相;漂移期坳陷层序沉积厚度大,深水沉积体系是目前已发现油气田的重要储集层。②中部次盆深水区主要发育下白垩统阿尔布阶三角洲砂体,油气侧向或垂向运移形成下白垩统断层-岩性复合油气藏;超深水区发育上白垩统塞诺曼阶-马斯特里赫特阶浊积扇砂体,下部油气向上运移形成上白垩统海底扇岩性油气藏;毛里塔尼亚和卡萨芒斯盐盆主要发育中新统浊积扇砂体,盐底辟对油气运移和封闭具有重要影响,可形成与盐构造相关的油气藏。③通过已发现油气藏的成藏规律可预测尚未钻井的毛里塔尼亚、卡萨芒斯次盆可能也发育上白垩统海底扇岩性油气藏,且整个盆地陆架碳酸盐岩台地存在礁滩体油气藏,为下一步重点勘探领域。

准噶尔盆地南缘硫磺沟地区头屯河组沉积特征及其铀成矿远景分析

为了准确客观评价准噶尔盆地南缘砂岩型铀矿的成矿潜力和成矿远景,以层序地层学、沉积学和水成铀矿理论为指导,通过野外调研,钻井和测井等资料分析,对盆地南缘各地层进行分析,探究准南砂岩型铀矿的沉积与分布规律,重点对硫磺沟地区中侏罗统头屯河组(J_(2)t)进行研究,建立等时地层桥架,分析头屯河组沉积期的物源方向、砂体厚度、沉积环境及沉积体系,明确头屯河组的空间展布及主砂体发育特征。根据研究结果,结合已知的准南铀矿化分布和头屯河组岩相岩性地球化学性质综合分析,认为:硫磺沟地区头屯河组可细分为下段下亚段(J_(2)t^(1-1))、下段上亚段(J_(2)t^(1-2))、上段下亚段(J_(2)t^(2-1))和上段上亚段(J_(2)t 2-2),自下而上为辫状河—曲流河沉积体系,其中下段下亚段的大型辫状河道砂体是最有利的成矿层位,其次上段下亚段(J_(2)t^(2-1))也是潜在的找矿层位;砂体沿NWW向展布,往NE向逐渐变薄,与主体矿化趋势方向一致,目的层物源主要来自于该区的西南方向;矿化受盆地后期改造及油气保护作用明显,剥蚀程度中等;铀矿化受新构造运动的断褶带的背斜构造核部两翼地层控制。因此,准南硫磺沟地区头屯河组具备有利的砂岩铀矿的成矿和找矿条件与潜力。

地球化学勘查相关性研究与探讨——以胶莱盆地东北缘典型矿床为例

相关性研究在地球化学特征研究中扮演着重要的角色,但在现有文献中缺乏系统的总结。本文以山东胶莱盆地东北缘的土堆、龙口和辽上3个金矿床为例,通过以下方法进行分析:①对土堆矿床元素间的相关关系与理论上的相关性进行比较,确定成矿过程是否存在热液叠加;②通过对比分析龙口与辽上金矿元素间相关关系的复杂程度,判断成矿热液活动强度和活动期次等;③对3个矿床元素相关关系进行比较,判断成矿物质是否同源。研究表明,矿体元素间的相关关系在反映成矿热液是否叠加、成矿潜力评价以及不同矿体是否同源等方面具有独特的作用。

鄂尔多斯盆地北缘砂岩型铀矿综合地质背景分析

鄂尔多斯盆地北缘是中国砂岩型铀矿重要矿集区之一。通过盆地铀成矿地质、航磁、重力、放射性、遥感等数据研究,发现盆地北缘重磁异常存在明显的环带异常和东西向与北北东向局部异常叠加,古河流具有明显的遥感和重磁异常显示。笔者认为盆地北缘东西向构造叠加北北东向构造是控制古河流沉积的主要因素,间接控制氧化还原环境及铀矿床的形成。古河流自北向南流动由北东向构造控制,盆地东西向构造形成南北向台阶,在构造台阶控制下河流形态呈直流河-曲流河-辫状河-湖发展。沉积物粒度由粗至细变化,沉积环境由氧化-过渡-还原变化,铀矿沉积主要位于辫状河与湖盆交互位置。

胶莱盆地东北缘前垂柳金矿床S、Pb同位素组成:对成矿物质来源的指示

前垂柳金矿为胶东胶莱盆地东北缘新发现的蚀变岩型金矿床,金矿体主要赋存于牧牛山岩体(二长花岗岩)、荆山群地层和鹊山岩体(糜棱岩化二长花岗岩)之间厚大的构造蚀变带内,截止目前推测资源量达到中型规模,但矿床的成矿物质来源尚不明确。基于前人研究及野外调查,选择典型矿体中含金黄铁矿作为研究对象,开展了S、Pb同位素分析,探讨了矿床的成矿物质来源。测试结果显示:矿石硫化物δ^(34)S值总体为10.13‰~12.39‰,极差为2.26‰,平均值10.98‰,均一程度高,具高δ^(34)S值特征,反映了深部成矿流体上侵过程中混染了更多的地层中的硫,显示了荆山群地层对成矿有一定贡献;矿石铅同位素^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb比值为17.149~18.886,^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb比值为15.482~15.677,^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb比值为37.860~40.073,显示前垂柳金矿铅为壳幔混合来源,且具有下地壳铅的特征。该矿床S、Pb同位素特征显示成矿物质来源为壳幔混源,与周边辽上、蓬家夼等典型矿床成矿物质来源一致,反映了该区燕山期大规模成矿事件,预示了胶莱盆地东北缘具有较大的找矿潜力。

柴达木盆地西北缘交通社金矿地质特征及找矿前景

交通社金矿床位于柴达木盆地西北缘,矿体主要赋存于北西向及近东西向蚀变破碎带内,含矿地层为古元古界达肯大坂岩群片麻岩组,含矿岩性主要为强蚀变硅化褐铁矿化石英片岩、褐铁矿化碎裂岩。研究工作在矿区内圈出构造破碎蚀变带12条,圈定金矿体5条,矿体品位较高且规模较大。通过研究认为该矿床成因属于中-低温热液型矿床,矿床类型属构造蚀变岩型矿床,初步分析该地区具有良好的找矿前景和找矿潜力。

柴达木盆地北缘油气与砂岩型铀矿化关系研究

柴达木盆地北缘油气资源丰富,近年来发现了较多与油气有关的砂岩型铀矿化线索,初步评价具有较好的铀成矿潜力。基于区内铀源、铀储层、构造及水动力体系等铀成矿地质条件的分析,结合柴北缘油气分布和运聚、放射性异常分布特征,对铀矿化与构造、油气的时空关系进行解析,提出构造作为中间媒介,将具有还原性质的油气与层间含铀含氧水在时间和空间上联系起来,形成动态化、系统化的砂岩型铀成矿体系。深部油气沿断裂、节理等构造向浅部地层近垂向耗散运移并在背斜构造中汇聚成藏,斜切背斜的断裂使背斜靠近断裂的一端抬升,形成构造高差,促进层间含铀含氧水向断裂运移排泄,油气和含氧水在断裂附近交汇,形成氧化还原过渡带,驱使高价铀还原富集,并在被断裂切错的背斜构造附近成矿。综合分析认为,柴北缘新生代铀矿化受断裂和褶皱构造联合控制作用明显,发育断裂构造的背斜油气藏附近是砂岩型铀成矿的有利部位。

胶莱盆地南缘高家宅科地区短波红外光谱特征及金多金属矿勘查指示意义

胶莱盆地南缘沿五莲-青岛深大断裂及其次级断裂,目前已发现大量的金铅锌多金属矿床(点),除典型的隐爆角砾岩型五莲七宝山金铜矿外,其余各矿床沿断裂发育,以石英脉型矿化为主,均显示热液矿床特征。高家宅科地区已发现的金铅锌多金属矿点,分布在以高岭断裂为主的NNW—近SN向断裂中,但基于成矿规律及成矿作用等认识的不足,该地区找矿工作进展缓慢。本次研究通过短波红外光谱测量,在该地区识别出以伊利石、白云母、绿泥石、高岭石、蒙脱石和菱铁矿为主的蚀变矿物,以面积性绢云母蚀变为主(伊利石+白云母)。绢云母矿物高IC值和低Pos2200吸收峰值分布区域均与区内NNW—近SN向断裂和绢英岩化蚀变带具良好的相关性。结合已有成矿事实,认为区内以高岭断裂为主的NNW—近SN向断裂更靠近热液中心,同时,绢英岩化蚀变带中异常的高IC值和极低的Pos2200吸收峰值分布区域,同样具成矿的可能性。

鄂尔多斯盆地北缘砂岩型铀矿成矿条件及其找矿意义

在中国北方砂岩型铀矿地质调查工作中,煤田钻孔中自然伽玛异常是寻找砂岩型铀矿的主要找矿信息及地质线索,鄂尔多斯盆地成矿条件及找矿方向突破一直是盆地内砂岩型铀矿勘查的难点,以煤田钻孔资料的“二次开发”作为铀矿勘查新思路,对研究区钻孔测井成果进行综合性研究,开展勘查选区研究,选择重点铀矿(化)体异常孔进行钻探查证。结果显示,研究区自然伽玛值>2000 nC/(kg·h)的范围为105 km2;自然伽玛值>3000 nC/(kg·h)的范围约为35 km2,局部异常厚度超过3 m。经过煤田钻孔的“二次开发”,在鄂尔多斯盆地北缘发现铀矿工业孔11个,铀矿化孔8个,见矿率高达95%,有望提交具有大型规模铀矿产地1处。煤田资料铀矿点的“二次开发”技术进一步指出了勘查地浸砂岩型铀矿的工作方向,提高了铀矿找矿效率,为鄂尔多斯盆地北缘寻找可地浸砂岩型铀矿提供了指示意义。

柴达木盆地南缘祁漫塔格—鄂拉山地区斑岩-矽卡岩矿床地质

柴达木盆地南缘祁漫塔格-鄂拉山地区发育斑岩-矽卡岩型铜多金属矿床,成矿主元素为Cu、Mo、Pb、Zn,大部分矿床伴生Au、Ag。斑岩型和矽卡岩型矿(化)体共生于同一个矿区之中,是这类矿床的一个重要特点。与成矿有关的侵入体是印支期的中酸性小岩体,它们具有浅成-超浅成和高侵位等特点。斑岩-矽卡岩矿床的成岩年龄和成矿年龄一致,形成于中三叠世至晚三叠世。它们是东昆仑造山带晚碰撞造山阶段壳-幔作用(幔源岩浆底侵-岩浆混合)的产物,与东昆仑地区这一时期的矽卡岩型铁多金属矿床、热液脉状多金属矿床,以及造山型金矿床共同构成了一个矿床成矿系列。