Continuous Multipartite Entangled Representation and Its Wigner Operator and Marginal Distribution

By extending the EPR bipartite entanglement to multipartite case, we briefly introduce a continuous multipartite entangled representation and its canonical conjugate state in the multi-mode Fock space, analyze their Schmidt decompositions and give their entangling operators. Furthermore, based on the above analysis we also find the n-mode Wigner operator. In doing so we may identify the physical meaning of the marginal distribution of the Wigner function.

Spatial Distributions and Potential Sources of Long Chain(C_(30),C_(32)1,15-)Alkyl Diols in Surface Sediments from Eastern China Marginal Seas

Long chain alkyl diols have shown important potential for the reconstruction of sea surface temperature,productivities and upwelling conditions in marine or lacustrine environments.However,little is known about the distribution and sources of the diols in eastern China marginal seas(CMS),which are areas of important organic carbon sink.Here the contents of C_(30) and C_(32)1,15-diols were analyzed in 181 surface sediments from eastern CMS.The similar distribution pattern and strong linear correlation between C_(30) and C_(32) diols indicated that they had similar biological source,with a dominance of C_(30) diol.Their contents ranged from 7-2726 ng g^(-1) for C_(30) diol and 5-669 ng g^(-1) for C_(32) diol,and both showed higher values mainly in the mud area of the Yellow Sea,while the TOC normalized contents showed a more obvious seaward increasing trend.The similar distribution pattern and significant positive correlation between diols and the other marine biomarkers(brassicasterol,dinosterol,C_(37) alkenones) indicated C_(30) and C_(32) diols in eastern CMS were mainly from marine algae.This conclusion was also supported by principal component analysis(PCA).Our results also showed that sediment diol contents were generally related to marine productivity,suggesting that diols could be applied for marine productivity reconstruction in eastern CMS.

LOCALIZED RADON-WIGNER TRANSFORM AND GENERALIZED-MARGINAL TIME-FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTIONS

This paper introduces the localized Radon transform (LRT) into time-frequency distributions and presents the localized Radon-Wigner transform (LRWT). The definition of LRWT and a fast algorithm is derived, the properties of LRWT and its relationship with Radon-Wigner transform, Wigner distribution (WD), ambiguity function (AF), and generalized-marginal time-frequency distributions are analyzed.

Hydrocarbon accumulation and orderly distribution of whole petroleum system in marine carbonate rocks of Sichuan Basin,SW China

Based on the situation and progress of marine oil/gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin,SW China,the whole petroleum system is divided for marine carbonate rocks of the basin according to the combinations of hydrocarbon accumulation elements,especially the source rock.The hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics of each whole petroleum system are analyzed,the patterns of integrated conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon accumulation are summarized,and the favorable exploration targets are proposed.Under the control of multiple extensional-convergent tectonic cycles,the marine carbonate rocks of the Sichuan Basin contain three sets of regional source rocks and three sets of regional cap rocks,and can be divided into the Cambrian,Silurian and Permian whole petroleum systems.These whole petroleum systems present mainly independent hydrocarbon accumulation,containing natural gas of affinity individually.Locally,large fault zones run through multiple whole petroleum systems,forming a fault-controlled complex whole petroleum system.The hydrocarbon accumulation sequence of continental shelf facies shale gas accumulation,marginal platform facies-controlled gas reservoirs,and intra-platform fault-and facies-controlled gas reservoirs is common in the whole petroleum system,with a stereoscopic accumulation and orderly distribution pattern.High-quality source rock is fundamental to the formation of large gas fields,and natural gas in a whole petroleum system is generally enriched near and within the source rocks.The development and maintenance of large-scale reservoirs are essential for natural gas enrichment,multiple sources,oil and gas transformation,and dynamic adjustment are the characteristics of marine petroleum accumulation,and good preservation conditions are critical to natural gas accumulation.Large-scale marginal-platform reef-bank facies zones,deep shale gas,and large-scale lithological complexes related to source-connected faults are future marine hydrocarbon exploration targets in the Sichuan Basin.

Torque Distribution of Electric Vehicle with Four In-Wheel Motors Based on Road Adhesion Margin

With the worsening of energy crisis and environmental pollution,electric vehicles with four in?wheel motors have been paid more and more attention. The main research subject is how to reasonably distribute the driving torque of each wheel. Considering the longitudinal motion,lateral motion,yaw movement and rotation of the four wheels,the tire model and the seven DOF dynamic model of the vehicle are established in this paper. Then,the torque distribution method is proposed based on road adhesion margin,which can be divided into anti ? slip control layer and torque distribution layer. The anti?slip control layer is built based on sliding mode variable structure control,whose main function is to avoid the excessive slip of wheels caused by road conditions. The torque distribution layer is responsible for selecting the torque distribution method based on road adhesion margin. The simulation results show that the proposed torque distribution method can ensure the vehicle quickly adapt to current road adhesion conditions,and improve the handling stability and dynamic performance of the vehicle in the driving process.

Gold Distribution in Tellurium-Rich Pyrite and Tellurides from the Xiaoqinling Gold District,Southern Margin of the North China Craton

Gold is commonly associated with arsenic in As-rich pyrite or arsenopyrite in a variety types of gold deposit,such as sediment-hosted gold deposits,epithermal Au-Ag deposits,Au-rich VMS deposits,and mesothermal lode gold deposits(Ciobanu and Cook,2002;Pals et al.

The Cox-Aalen Models as Framework for Construction of Bivariate Probability Distributions, Universal Representation

Starting with the Aalen （1989） version of Cox （1972） ＇regression model＇ we show the method for construction of ＂any＂ joint survival function given marginal survival functions. Basically, however, we restrict ourselves to model positive stochastic dependences only with the general assumption that the underlying two marginal random variables are centered on the set of nonnegative real values. With only these assumptions we obtain nice general characterization of bivariate probability distributions that may play similar role as the copula methodology. Examples of reliability and biomedical applications are given.

On Moment Generating Function of Generalized Order Statistics from Erlang-Truncated Exponential Distribution

In this paper explicit expressions and some recurrence relations are derived for marginal and joint moment generating functions of generalized order statistics from Erlang-truncated exponential distribution. The results for k-th record values and order statistics are deduced from the relations derived. Further, a characterizing result of this distribution on using the conditional expectation of function of generalized order statistics is discussed.

Meteorological Drought Detection and Forecast Using Standardized Precipitation Index and Univariate Distribution Models: Case Study of Bamako, Mali

As an extended period of unusually dry weather conditions without sufficient rain, drought poses enormous risk on societies. Characterized by the absence of precipitation for long periods of time, often resulting in water scarcity, droughts are increasingly posing significant environmental challenges. Drought is therefore considered an important element in the management of water resources, especially groundwater resources during drought. This study therefore sought to investigate the rainfall variability and the frequency of drought for the period 1991 to 2020 in Bamako based on monthly rainfall data from Bamako-Senou gauge station. The standardized precipitation index (SPI) for 12-month, 6-month and 3-month timescales and the SPI for annual totals were used to characterized drought in the study area (Bamako). Univariate parametric probability distributions such as Normal, Log-normal, Gumbel type I and Pearson type III (P3) distributions were fitted with drought variables (severity and duration) for future planning and management. Non-parametric test such as Mann-Kendall trend test was also used to detect trend in annual rainfall data. The results showed that based on 12-month SPI, Bamako experienced two (02) extreme droughts one in July 2002 (SPI = -2.2165) and another in June 2015 (SPI = -2.0598 QUOTE SPI=-2.0598 ). Drought years represented 46.67% for the overall periods according to the SPI for annual totals. The result further indicated that based on the goodness of fit test, the P3 distribution represents the best fitted distribution to both drought severity and duration over Bamako. Bamako is expected to experience several severe severities with higher and shorter duration in the future. Severities with 1, 2, 6, and 10-month duration had return periods ranged from 2.4 to 3.8 years, while 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, and 100-year return periods had 18.51, 26.08, 33.25, 35.50, 42.38, and 49.14 severities, respectively, and durations associated to these severities were 19.8, 26.9, 33.5, 35.6, 42, and 48.2 months, respectively.

Lithofacies paleogeography restoration and its significance of Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous in southern margin of Junggar Basin,NW China

In view of the difficulties in the study of lithofacies paleogeography and the low reliability of the distribution range of sedimentary sand bodies in the prototype basin caused by less deep drilling, complex seismic imaging and low degree of exploration in the southern margin of Junggar Basin, NW China. A new method based on the source to sink idea was used to restore lithofacies paleogeography and predict glutenite distribution. In the restoration, apatite fission track age was used to define range and uplift time of macro-provenance;the range of provenance area and the migration process of lake shoreline were restored based on the quantitative relationship between gravel diameter and transportation distance, tectonic shortening and other geological parameters;drilling cores and field outcrop sedimentary structures were analyzed, and a series of maps of lithofacies paleogeographic evolution and distribution range of glutenite bodies were compiled. It is concluded that from Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, in the southern margin of Junggar Basin, the provenance area gradually expanded from south to north, the lake basin expanded, shrunk and expanded, and the paleoclimate changed from humid to drought to humid. The western section always had proximal fan delta deposits from the southern ancient Tianshan provenance developed, and in the middle and eastern sections, the provenance areas evolved from far source to near source, mainly river-delta, braided delta, fan delta and other sediments developed. The boundary between provenance areas of the western and middle sections is speculated to be Hongche fault zone. In an angle open to the northwest with the current basin edge line, the restored ancient lake shoreline controlled the heterogeneity of reservoirs in the delta plain belt and delta front belt on its both sides. The ancient lake shoreline, current stratigraphic denudation line and current basin margin line limit the types and scope of favorable reservoirs.This understanding provides an important geological basis for oil and gas exploration in the deep lower source-reservoir assemblage at the southern margin of Junggar Basin.

Characteristics and genesis of clay minerals in the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin

In order to develop appropriate reservoir protection measures in the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin and improve its oil and gas recovery efficiency,characteristics of clay minerals from eleven clay rock samples from the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin were investigated using X-ray diffraction analysis,the Scanning Electron Microscope（SEM）and energy spectrum analysis.Clay mineral composition and distribution characteristics of the main hydrocarbon reservoirs,i.e.,from the Jurassic and Paleogene-Neogene,were explored.We analyzed the main factors which affected these attributes.The results show that the major clay minerals in the northern margin are chlorite,kaolinite,illite,smectite and illite/smectite inter-stratified minerals.Illite is the most widely spread clay mineral in this area. Chlorite is mainly found in the entire Neogene and in shallow horizons of the Paleogene.Smectite is enriched in the shallow Paleogene-Neogene.There are large amounts of kaolinite and illite/smectite inter-stratified minerals in the Jurassic.The major factors affecting the different development of clay minerals in the region are properties of parent rocks,paleoclimate and paleowater media conditions, diagenesis transformation,tectonic and terrain conditions.

Distribution Locational Marginal Pricing Based Equilibrium Optimization Strategy for Data Center Park with Spatial-temporal Demand-side Resources

This paper proposes a distribution locational marginal pricing(DLMP) based bi-level Stackelberg game framework between the internet service company(ISC) and distribution system operator(DSO) in the data center park. To minimize electricity costs, the ISC at the upper level dispatches the interactive workloads(IWs) across different data center buildings spatially and schedules the battery energy storage system temporally in response to DLMP. Photovoltaic generation and static var generation provide extra active and reactive power. At the lower level, DSO calculates the DLMP by minimizing the total electricity cost under the two-part tariff policy and ensures that the distribution network is uncongested and bus voltage is within the limit. The equilibrium solution is obtained by converting the bi-level optimization into a single-level mixed-integer second-order cone programming optimization using the strong duality theorem and the binary expansion method. Case studies verify that the proposed method benefits both the DSO and ISC while preserving the privacy of the ISC. By taking into account the uncertainties in IWs and photovoltaic generation, the flexibility of distribution networks is enhanced, which further facilitates the accommodation of more demand-side resources.

Improved Evaluation Method for the SRAM Cell Write Margin by Word Line Voltage Acceleration

An accelerated evaluation method for the SRAM cell write margin is proposed using the conventional Write Noise Margin (WNM) definition based on the “butterfly curve”. The WNM is measured under a lower word line voltage than the power supply voltage VDD. A lower word line voltage is chosen in order to make the access transistor operate in the saturation mode over a wide range of threshold voltage variation. The final WNM at the VDD word line voltage, the Accelerated Write Noise Margin (AWNM), is obtained by shifting the measured WNM at the lower word line voltage. The WNM shift amount is determined from the measured WNM dependence on the word line voltage. As a result, the cumulative frequency of the AWNM displays a normal distribution. Together with the maximum likelihood method, a normal distribution of the AWNM drastically improves development efficiency because the write failure probability can be estimated from a small number of samples. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using the Monte Carlo simulation.

本地差分隐私下的高维数据发布方法

从众多用户收集的高维数据可用性越来越高,庞大的高维数据涉及用户个人隐私,如何在使用高维数据的同时保护用户的隐私极具挑战性。文中主要关注本地差分隐私下的高维数据发布问题。现有的解决方案首先构建概率图模型,生成输入数据的一组带噪声的低维边缘分布,然后使用它们近似输入数据集的联合分布以生成合成数据集。然而,现有方法在计算大量属性对的边缘分布构建概率图模型,以及计算概率图模型中规模较大的属性子集的联合分布时存在局限性。基于此,提出了一种本地差分隐私下的高维数据发布方法PrivHDP(High-dimensional Data Publication Under Local Differential Privacy)。首先,该方法使用随机采样响应代替传统的隐私预算分割策略扰动用户数据,提出自适应边缘分布计算方法计算成对属性的边缘分布构建Markov网。其次,使用新的方法代替互信息度量成对属性间的相关性,引入了基于高通滤波的阈值过滤技术缩减概率图构建过程的搜索空间,结合充分三角化操作和联合树算法获得一组属性子集。最后,基于联合分布分解和冗余消除,计算属性子集上的联合分布。在4个真实数据集上进行实验,结果表明,PrivHDP算法在k-way查询和SVM分类精度方面优于同类算法,验证了所提方法的可用性与高效性。

具有间隔分布优化的最小二乘支持向量机

最小二乘支持向量机(Least Squares Support Vector Machine,LSSVM)通过求解一个线性等式方程组来提高支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)的运算速度。但是,LSSVM没有考虑间隔分布对于LSSVM模型的影响,导致其精度较低。为了增强LSSVM模型的泛化性能,提高其分类能力,提出一种具有间隔分布优化的最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM with margin distribution optimization,MLSSVM)。首先,重新定义间隔均值和间隔方差,深入挖掘数据的间隔分布信息,增强模型的泛化性能;其次,引入权重线性损失,进一步优化了间隔均值,提升模型的分类精度;然后,分析目标函数,剔除冗余项,进一步优化间隔方差;最后,保留LSSVM的求解机制,保障模型的计算效率。实验表明,新提出的分类模型具有良好的泛化性能和运行时间。

基于节点电价的有源配电网智能软开关优化配置

随着“双碳”目标的落地,主动配电网中间歇性分布式电源DG渗透率不断提高,其带来的电压越限和网络阻塞等问题日益突出。智能软开关SOP可以代替联络开关接入配电网,正常运行时SOP可以实现实时的电压调节和潮流控制,提供快速的故障隔离和供电恢复,提高配电网可控性。由于SOP的配置成本较高,其选址定容则问题成为了问题的核心。提出一种以节点边际电价LMP为基础的SOP优化配置方法。首先,针对DG运行的不确定性,使用模糊聚类的方法生成典型场景,通过以改善系统节点电价分布为基础的选址策略确定SOP最佳接入位置;在此基础上,建立上层以系统年运营成本最低、下层以系统运行损耗最低为目标的双层模型。结合锥规划方法对优化选址后的模型并进行求解。最后以改进IEEE33节点配电系统为算例,验证了文中提出的SOP配置方案的可行性。算例结果表明,采用文中提出的方法可以有效改善系统节点电价分布、降低配电网综合年运行费用,提升系统运行经济性。

中国农产品进口潜力及来源结构:一项进口多元化战略的实证研究

扩大农产品进口有助于保障我国农产品供给,也有利于实现农业产业升级、提高可持续发展能力,科学测度中国农产品进口潜力则显得格外重要。基于1995-2019年世界双边贸易数据,构建进口潜力标准化指标测算分析农产品进口潜力和分布特点,并采用贸易边际方法进一步讨论未来农产品进口潜力来源结构。结果表明:(1)从总规模看,入世前农产品进口不足,入世后进口增加,2009年开始进口明显过度;(2)从国家(地区)分布看,中国从欧盟、北美自由贸易区、南美洲等国家(地区)进口农产品过度,从东盟进口适度,从印度和韩国进口不足,未来农产品进口重点区域在亚洲内部;(3)从产品分布看,动物类产品进口过度,食品加工类产品进口适度,果蔬类产品进口不足;(4)从来源结构看,农产品进口数量过度,进口种类适度,进口价格不足。提出要坚持“立足国内供给、适度进口调剂”安全战略,积极实施农产品进口多元化战略,对农产品进口实行国别管理,实施区域性贸易战略;对农产品进口分品种理性看待并分类实施;积极调整进口来源结构,减少对进口数量的依赖,重视优质、高附加值农产品进口,促进农产品进口增长方式转型。

基于Copula函数的昆明市降水特征组合风险空间分布研究

气候变化导致极端降雨事件发生频率增加,成为城市水安全的重要威胁.基于不同降水特征,评估降水特征的组合风险空间分布,能够为极端降雨灾害的防治和城市防洪减灾提供重要的科学依据.本文以昆明市城区2019−2021年56个雨量站逐5 min降雨量数据为基础,采用超定量法进行降水事件选样,计算了降雨时间T、峰值雨量Q0和总降雨量Q.通过优选边缘分布函数及Copula函数构建了降水特征的组合风险概率分析模型,定量评估了不同代表情况下的降水特征组合风险概率及其空间分布特征.结果表明:昆明市各站点降雨时间大多服从皮尔逊Ⅲ型(PE3)分布,总降雨量大多服从对数正态(lognorm)分布,峰值降雨量多服从广义极值(GEV)分布、广义logistic(GLO)分布和广义帕累托(GPO)分布;所有站点的峰值雨量和降雨时间呈负相关或相互独立,均服从Frank Copula和Independent Copula函数,Clayton Copula和Frank Copula函数可以更好地描述大部分站点的(Q0,Q)和(T,Q)变量组合的联合分布;昆明市主城区东部的山区,容易发生降雨时间、峰值雨量或总降雨量较大的降雨,主城区中部则更易发生降雨时间长、峰值雨量高、总降雨量大的降雨.

不平衡数据下基于改进门控卷积网络的轴承故障诊断

深度学习在滚动轴承故障诊断中具有广泛的应用,然而,现实中的监测数据往往具有不平衡性,这就会对模型的诊断性能产生很大影响。因此,提出一种基于改进门控卷积神经网络(Improved Gated Convolutional Neural Network,IGCNN)的故障诊断方法,用于数据不平衡条件下的故障诊断。首先,提出改进门控卷积层以增强特征提取能力,通过批量归一化技术提高模型的泛化能力。然后,使用标签分布感知边界(Label-distribution-aware Margin,LDAM)损失函数提高模型对少数类的敏感度,减小数据不平衡对模型的影响。将所提算法应用在两组故障轴承数据上,在数据不平衡率为20:1的情况下,所提算法仍然可达到92.71%和94.47%的故障识别率,而对比的其他主流深度学习模型在该情况下只有60%~72%的准确率,表明所提方法在数据集严重不平衡情况下具有很强的诊断能力和鲁棒性。

鄂尔多斯高原台地边缘地带地应力随钻测量与分布特征

传统水压致裂法和新的热胀致裂法等测量地应力均属于先成孔后测量,容易发生钻孔后变形、自然开裂和应力释放,很难从根本上保证裂纹是试验时发生还是钻孔后已自然发生,难以保证测量结果的准确性.为了克服常规水压致裂法地应力测量过程中钻孔完整性和致裂过程真实性难以确定的问题,采用地应力光声随钻测试系统对鄂尔多斯高原西南边缘地带典型区域地应力进行了水压致裂法测试,揭示了高原台地边缘地区的应力特点,获得了地应力随深度的变化规律,并与华北平原典型区域地应力测试统计结果进行了比较.研究表明,鄂尔多斯高原西南边缘台地地带的地应力处于中国大陆浅层地壳地应力统计结果的低段区间,高原边缘地带的地应力随深度呈线性增长,最小水平主应力随深度的增长速度高于最大水平主应力的增长速度;最大最小水平主应力低于华北平原区;受区域构造及高原台地地形等影响,鄂尔多斯台地边缘的地应力方向相较于华北平原区,向东发生了偏转;最大最小水平主应力与垂直应力之比所反映的侧压系数低于华北平原区,但两个水平最大最小主应力的差异性高于华北平原区.这说明,尽管高原边缘地带地应力总体水平低于华北平原区,但较大的水平应力差异性容易使地下空间发生剪切破坏,将不利于地下工程的稳定性.由此可见,在台地边缘区域进行地下工程设计和建设时,应重点关注井巷工程的方向布置和低水平应力高应力差值带来的负面影响.