Supply and demand subject behavior of building energy efficiency in market fostering

Consumers and developers are the market transaction subjects which drive the development of building energy efficiency market. High energy prices, unreasonable heating system, information asymmetry of building energy suppress demand of energy efficiency construction; high technical risk and construction cost, nonstandard market restrict the supply of energy efficiency construction. To promote the development of building energy efficiency, we must set up effective incentive policies for both sides of the market transaction, improve the supervisory system, promote the technological progress, build the information sharing platform, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating and improving the building energy efficiency market system, regulating the behavior of supply and demand subject, building the mutually beneficial and cooperative partnership, and realizing the balance of interests.

Technical System Construction in the Market Trading System for Demand Response Based on the Energy Internet

With the explosive growth of variable renewable energy,the balance between the supply and demand of the power grid is faced with new challenges.Based on the development experience from typical countries and the state quo in China,this paper further analyzes the system architecture and development trend of demand response under the background of Energy Internet.Five dimensions are considered:Energy Internet platform,demand response application scenarios,system architecture,information technology system construction,and demand response development trend.The results show that the application of the Energy Internet platform can effectively solve the problems of data acquisition and processing,“terminal-edge-network-cloud”cooperation of demand response,etc.The system architecture of the demand response platform that supports user resource management,user information access,control instruction receiving,control strategy issuing,and response process monitoring is proposed in this paper.It is also helpful to provide a feasible technical choice for expanding the application services of Energy Internet towards government and society.

Near- and Mid-term Development of Natural Gas Market in China

Economy growth in China is expected to slow down a little during the I3th Five-Year-Plan period. So will the domestic gas demand and supply market, which may be quite different from that of the 11 th and 12th Five-Year-Plan periods. The paper summarized the state quo of gas supply and demand in the country and analyzed factors that may affect the demand and supply balance in the new period. It is proposed that there will be many uncertainties in achieving supply and demand goals of gas set for tire period, and gas glut is also very possible during the time. To deal with the problem, it is suggested that several measures be taken nationwide： improving utilization of gas in several sectors, straightening and optimizing the pricing mechanism, speeding up construction of infrastructures, implementing relevant policies and boosting up supen^ision and monitor of tire industry.

Power Market Analyses on 2001 and Demand Forecast for 2002

Based on the analysis on economic situation in China in 2001, the paperdiscusses power supply and demand features nationwide and by regions andprovinces, present estimation of power supply and demand in 2002. In conclusion,the paper presents suggestions to overcome difficulties on capital funds andtechniques.[

State of Domestic Titanium Industry in the First Half of a Year 2005

2005年上半年，我国共生产海绵钛3801．6t，同比增长68％；生产钛粉342．5t，同比减少了76．5t；生产钛加工材5033．9t，同比增加了17％。2005年上半年，我国海绵钛进口量大幅减少，仅642t，钛加工材却大幅增加，达3024t。尽管从2004年开始，海绵钛及钛加工材价格大幅t涨，但我国对海绵钛和加工材的需求乃明显上升，预计2005年我国海绵钛的需求在万吨左右，而实际产量估计达到9000t左右，与实际需求稍有差距。世界海绵钛的生产能力不断扩大，预计2005年全球海绵钛的供应能力将增加23％，下半年海绵钛价格将趋于平稳。

The possibilities of entering new markets for Romanian companies from wood manufacturing industries

Romania has the potential of resources, labor and real capacity to adapt to the gait of a global economic competition. But it required a long term policy and environment which could support this potential value. If not, we will risk turning into a consumer economy, consumption will not be funded on internal production and become supplier of labor services for peripheral. In the context of economic crisis, Romanian furniture retains its significant competitive advantages, including the price in export markets. The most important markets for exporters of furniture from Romania are Ukraine and Russia, markets with great potential, but affected by problems such as devaluing local currencies, and recently, imposing new duties.

Validity Evaluation of the Commercial Endowment Insurance Market in China

Aging of population will cause a series of socio- economic and population problems /exerting great pressure and challenge on the social security system.Through the connection of quantitative analysis,qualitative analysis,empirical study and normative study,as well as data collection and analysis of the state of supply and demand of the commercial endowment insurance market in China,this paper analyzes the factors that influence the effective demand and effective supply of the commercial endowment insurance in China,makes further analysis of the total amount and structure,and finally draws the conclusion on and puts forward advice about the effective development of the commercial endowment insurance market in China.

The analysis of Chinese cruise market

Based on outlining the current development situation of the world cruise market ,this paper investigates the market characteristics of the China＇s cruise in two areas： market supply and market demand. Currently, the supply of cruise tourism market include port infrastructure, cruise line, cruise companies and travel agencies. Demand in the market, with the perspective of domestic cruise tourists, discusses the structural characteristics of tourists, aspects consumption characteristics, route selection and visitor satisfaction and other characteristics. And from multiple perspectives analysis of the domestic cruise market problems, on this basis, we propose to strengthen the construction of port facilities, the implementation of cruise tourism promotion plan, effectively guide the development of domestic consumption cruise countermeasures.

Operation Analysis of Electric Power Industry in the First Quarter 2001

The supply and demand features of China electric power market are elaborated in this paper, based on the data of power production and demand in the first quarter 2001, and the present situation on power supply and demand is analyzed from multi aspects.

COORDINATION OF A FASHION AND TEXTILE SUPPLY CHAIN WITH DEMAND VARIATIONS

Owing to the changing fashion trends and a volatile market situation, demand in fashion and textile （FT） industry is unpredictable and could vary and change completely in a short time, which makes it more difficult to coordinate a FT supply chain. A change in product preference due to fashion trends is the main reason why the demand of FT industry shows more variations than other industries. In this paper, we use a well known contract, the all-unit quantity discount policy （AQDP）, to coordinate a FT supply chain with certain demand, and we further consider it under the demand variations scenario to investigate whether it can still coordinate the supply chain. In detail, before the selling season, an AQDP is provided by the manufacturer to the retailer, and under which the FT supply chain coordination achieved with a certain demand. During the selling season, demand variation is realized after an abrupt changing of fashion trends, therefore, the manufacturer may need to revise the original AQDP to insure the supply chain is still coordinated. Utilizing the mechanism design theory, we prove that： （i） while the traditional AQDP can coordinate the supply chain when no demand variations, it cannot always coordinate the supply chain after the demand variations; （ii） when the AQDP fails, we can use the proposed capacitated linear pricing policy （CLPP） to achieve a new coordination; （iii） a more dominant decision maker, who can set a higher profit goal, is favorable to stabilization of the supply chain system under demand variations. Numerical examples are proposed also to show our results.

Spillover and quantile linkage between oil price shocks and stock returns: new evidence from G7 countries

The link between crude oil price and stock returns of the Group of Seven(G7)countries(Canada,France,Germany,Italy,Japan,the United Kingdom,and the United States)was analyzed in this study using monthly data from January 1999 to March 2020.We adopt a similar approach to Kilian(Am Econ Rev 99(3):1053–1069,2009)and construct a structural vector autoregression framework to decompose crude oil price shocks into oil supply shock,oil aggregate demand shock,and oil-specific demand shock.We then explore the distinct effects of different kinds of oil price shocks from various sources.Based on the decomposed oil price shocks,we apply the connectedness approach and QQ regression to find time-varying co-movements and tail dependence between oil price shocks and G7 stock returns.There is no general correlation between the decomposed oil prices and stock returns in these countries.The effects of oil price shocks on stock returns across different stock market conditions appear to be heterogeneous.Oil supply shock appears to be a net transmitter of spillover effects for all G7 countries within the sample period.

China’s Labor Market in Seven Decades

Soon after its founding in 1949,the People’s Republic of China established an all-round planned economic system,abolished the labor market,put labor authorities in charge of urban employment planning and placements,and assigned rural workforce as members of the People’s Communes.This planned labor system lasted until the reform and opening up program was launched in 1978.In the face of great employment pressures as educated youth returned from the countryside to cities,the government took a series of policies to bring the educated youth into the workforce through referral by labor authorities,voluntarily organized employment,and self-employment.With the abolition of the centralized job placement system,China’s labor market started to develop,giving play to the comparative advantage of abundant labor force,and the dual economic structure started to integrate.After decades of rapid growth and job creation,China’s labor market have turned from oversupply to undersupply since 2003,and labor remuneration increased sharply.China’s changing resource endowment structure was accompanied by a shift in its labor market policy from employment to the labor market.Over the past four decades of reform and opening up,the Chinese government enacted wise labor market policies in each critical stage.

中国成品油市场2023年回顾与2024年供需分析预测

回顾2023年中国成品油市场发展,结合国内经济发展各种因素,对2024年成品油市场进行预测。分析认为:2023年中国成品油需求持续复苏,消费属性突出的汽油和航空煤油(航煤)消费大幅增长,经济增速加快拉动柴油消费温和增长,中国成品油消费量预估为3.66×10^(8)t,同比增长12.2%,为2011年以来再次出现两位数增长;成品油消费税扩围征收提高了调合油的原料成本,减少了低价资源数量;出口配额大幅增加则缓解了国内资源过剩压力。2024年,消费对经济增长的贡献将继续加大,航煤消费将持续快速增长,汽车电动化将导致汽油消费增速大幅放缓,能耗双控逐步转向碳排放双控,柴油消费量将重回下降通道。2024年中国成品油市场仍将呈现供需双增的良好态势,消费量预计为3.69×10^(8)t,较2023年小幅增长0.8%;地方炼厂成品油资源持续增加,国内成品油过剩规模将超过5000×10^(4)t,国内市场竞争形势依然严峻。

New Situation of China Natural Gas Industry

China natural gas industry is at a turning point. Growth of mid-long term natural gas consumption may maintain at about 10%, supply is sufficient or even "over-sufficient", natural gas price will be determined by competition, oil and gas pipeline facilities will be opened fairly, and private enterprises will play important roles in natural gas exploration, development, storage, transportation, and trade. It can been foreseen that China natural gas industry is very likely to take a turn in next 10 years, and a modern natural gas market with consumption about 500 billion cubic meters will come into being characterized by complete supervision system, diversified market, steady supply, fairly opened pipelines, transparent trading mechanism, and competitive prices.

2023年中国成品油行业运行特点与近期展望

2023年,中国炼油产能再创新高,炼厂开工率回升,成品油产量大幅增长;成品油消费恢复至疫情前水平,不同品种恢复节奏存在差异,航空煤油消费明显恢复;成品油消费结构变化明显,供需差量扩大;在国际原油价格高位宽幅震荡背景下,成品油批发价格小幅增长;成品油商业库存“汽跌柴涨”,油库建设需求旺盛;成品油进口大幅下降,俄罗斯成为中国成品油进口主要来源国,成品油出口量继续增加,主要出口至新加坡;多项市场专项整治方案出台,规范成品油市场运行,推动行业高质量发展。2024年,中国成品油市场监管仍将持续完善,炼油行业将继续扩能,成品油产量将继续增长,成品油消费将回归低速增长通道,国际原油价格将宽幅震荡加剧成品油市场价格波动风险。

2024年我国无烟煤市场发展与展望

通过对宏观政策以及产业政策动态等多维度进行剖析,对无烟煤下游行业的消费现状和趋势进行详细分析和预测。介绍了我国无烟煤资源分布、生产和进口现状,对我国无烟煤生产和进口趋势进行了预测。综合分析供需、成本、政策等影响无烟煤价格的因素,特别是需求和供应关系,对2024年无烟煤价格走势进行了定性分析。整体认为,2024年,我国无烟煤将处于供需紧平衡状态,但较2023年略有宽松;价格中枢有望小幅下移,但仍将处于相对较高的位置。

建设全国统一大市场与发展新质生产力双向驱动的机制及路径

发展新质生产力,突破了旧生产力格局在时空上的限制,推动先进生产要素在不同国家和地区之间的交流与合作,实现商品要素资源的共享与优化配置,推动产业分工和国际国内市场的拓展。作为新型生产关系的重要组成部分,建设全国统一大市场可以从信息提供、供求引导、激励机制、收入分配等诸多方面拉动或推进新质生产力发展,主要体现在技术革命性突破、生产要素创新性配置、产业深度转型升级等三个方面。发展新质生产力和建设全国统一大市场的政策内涵在于,推动供给升级与需求升级相互匹配。促进需求升级应聚焦于扩大有效投资创造新需求、改革收入分配机制、构建全国统一大市场以及创新消费供给。推动新质生产力发展需要运用现代工业化思维和工业技术推动传统产业技改升级,促进产业迈向高端化,发挥优质企业在畅通供需循环方面的关键作用。

客户风险投资的供应链溢出效应——上游企业双元创新视角

本文以A股上市公司供应链关系数据为研究对象,考察客户风险投资对上游企业双元创新的影响。研究发现:客户风险投资具有供应链溢出效应,显著提高了上游企业的双元创新水平。机制检验表明,溢出效应主要通过企业学习机制与市场需求响应机制影响上游企业双元创新。此外,共同股东与客户集中度分别对上述关系起到正向调节作用。异质性检验结果表明,当上游企业客户关系良性程度较高以及融资约束较弱时,溢出效应对双元创新的促进作用更为明显;而当上游企业属于高科技行业时,溢出效应对探索式创新的促进作用更为明显。本文从风险投资供应链溢出视角出发,为企业双元创新提升的新路径提供了理论依据和政策启示。

数字经济赋能新质生产力:一个分析框架

新质生产力以颠覆性技术创新为主导力量,以战略性新兴产业为核心载体,具有鲜明的人民性、协调性和开放性特征。依托数字经济缓解“需求不足、供给过剩、预期偏弱”这三重约束是新质生产力发展的重要进路。文章在探讨数字经济赋能新质生产力的应然性依据的基础上,在传统“需求-供给”二分法框架内纳入经济社会环境因素,构建“需求侧-供给侧-环境侧”三维分析框架,藉此探讨数字经济赋能新质生产力的内在机理。分析认为:数字经济可通过提升颠覆性技术创新水平、驱动战略性新兴产业创新发展和契合新质生产力应然特征三种途径赋能新质生产力。文章的政策含义是:要大力发展数字经济,努力形成数字经济、颠覆性技术创新与战略性新兴产业间的良性互动。